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Pteridophytanae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
2001Pteridophytanae Doweld

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomPlantae
superphylumTracheophyta
—Pteridobiotina
RankNameAuthor
superphylumPteridophytanae
superphylumPteridophytanae

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. †Pteridophytanae Doweld 2001
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Ph. †Botryopteridiophyta Doweld 2001
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Cl. †Botryopteridiopsida Doweld 2001
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Or. †Botryopteridiales Doweld 2001
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Fm. †Botryopteridiaceae Doweld 2001
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G. †Botryopteridium Doweld 2001
G. †Parabotryopteridium Doweld 2001
G. †Primofilix Doweld 2001
Or. †Neomariopteridales Doweld 2001
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Invalid names: Neomariopteridaceae Doweld 2001 [empty]
Invalid names: Senftenbergiales Doweld 2001 [empty]
Cl. †Urnatopteridopsida Doweld 2001
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Or. †Crossothecales Doweld 2001
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Invalid names: Crossothecaceae Doweld 2001 [empty]
Or. †Discopteridales Doweld 2001
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Invalid names: Discopteridaceae Doweld 2001 [empty]
Or. †Urnatopteridales Doweld 2001
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Invalid names: Urnatopteridaceae Doweld 2001 [empty]
Invalid names: Stauropteridopsida Doweld 2001 [empty]
Ph. †Cladoxylophyta Doweld 2001
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G. †Asteropteris Dawson 1880
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Ph. Equisetophyta Scott 1900
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Cl. †Asterocalamitopsida Doweld 2001
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Or. †Asterocalamitales Nakai 1943
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Invalid names: Asterocalamitaceae Hirmer 1927 [empty]
Or. †Autophyllitales Doweld 2001
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Invalid names: Autophyllitaceae Nakai 1943 [empty]
Cl. †Calamitopsida Endlicher 1841
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Or. †Calamitales Eichwald 1852
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G. †Arthroxylon Reed 1952
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G. †Astromyelon Williamson 1883
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†Astromyelon williamsonis Cash and Hicks 1883
G. †Calamorrhiza Grand'Eury 1877
G. †Caudaephyllum Achepohl 1883
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†Caudaephyllum longifolium Achepohl 1883
G. †Crinophyllum Achepohl 1882
G. †Dictyocalamites Arber 1912
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†Dictyocalamites burri Arber 1912
G. †Hippurites Lindley and Hutton 1834
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†Hippurites gigantea Lindley and Hutton 1834
G. †Mazostachys Kosanke 1955
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†Mazostachys pedulata Kosanke 1955
G. †Myriophylloides Hick and Cash 1881
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†Myriophylloides williamsoni Hick and Cash 1881
G. †Stachannularia Weiss 1876
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†Stachannularia tuberculata Sternberg 1876
G. †Szecalamitina Doweld 2012
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†Szecalamitina yangiae Doweld 2012
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Invalid names: Siella leptocostata Yang 2006 [replaced]
Invalid names: Siella Yang 2006 [objective synonym]
G. †Taphrocanna Eichwald 1860
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†Taphrocanna biarmica Eichwald 1860
G. †Weissistachys Rothwell and Taylor 1971
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†Weissistachys kentuckiense Rothwell and Taylor 1971
Invalid names: Weissia Rothwell and Taylor 1971 [replaced]
Invalid names: Cingulariaceae Doweld 2001 [empty], Kallostachyaceae Doweld 2001 [empty]
Invalid names: Calamocarpales Doweld 2001 [empty]
Cl. Equisetopsida Agardh 1825
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Subcl. †Anthocerotidae Engler and Prantl 1893
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G. †Foraminisporis Krutzsch 1959
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†Foraminisporis asymmetricus Dettmann 1963
†Foraminisporis dailyi Dettmann 1963
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Invalid names: Nevesisporites dailyi Blackhouse 1988 [synonym]
†Foraminisporis medius Dutta and Sah 1970
†Foraminisporis tribulosus Playford and Dettmann 1965
G. †Chlamidostachys White 1937
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Or. †Gondwanostachyales Doweld 2001
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Fm. †Konnostachyaceae Doweld 2001
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G. †Konnostachys Doweld 2001
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Invalid names: Neurophyllum Kon'no 1941 [replaced]
Invalid names: Neurophyllaceae Kon'no 1941 [replaced]
Fm. †Tchernoviaceae Meyen 1983
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G. †Umbellaphyllites Rasskazova 1961
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Invalid names: Annulina Neuberg 1954 [synonym], Gamophyllites Radczenko 1962 [synonym]
Subcl. Pinidae Cronquist et al. 1966
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Fm. Araucariaceae Henckel and Hochstetter 1865
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G. Agathis Salisbury 1807
G. †Agathoxylon Hartig 1848
G. †Alkastrobus Del Fueyo and Archangelsky 2005
G. Araucaria de Jussieu 1789
G. †Araucariacites Cookson and Couper 1953
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Invalid names: Granulonapites Cookson [synonym]
G. †Araucarioides Bigwood and Hill 1985
G. †Araucariopitys Jeffrey 1907
G. †Araucariorhiza Daugherty 1963
G. †Araucarioxylon Kraus 1870
G. †Araucarites Presl 1833
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Invalid names: Kaidacarpum Carruthers 1868 [synonym]
G. †Balmeiopsis Archangelsky 1977
G. †Balmeisporites Cookson and Dettmann 1958
G. †Brachyphyllum Brongniart 1828
G. †Cyclusphaera Elsik 1966
G. †Dadoxylon Endlicher 1847
G. †Dammara Gaertner 1791
G. †Dammarites Presl 1838
G. †Dammaroxylon Schultz-Motel 1966
G. †Dilwynites Harris 1965
G. †Mesopitys Zalessky 1911
G. †Mohgaostrobus Prakash 1962
G. †Moranocladus Seward and Sahni 1926
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Invalid names: Morania Seward and Sahni 1920 [replaced]
G. †Pagiophyllum Heer 1881
G. †Primaraucaria Bock 1954
G. †Proaraucaria Weiland 1935
G. †Protodammara Hollick and Jeffrey 1906
G. †Sarcostrobilus Fliche 1900
G. †Wairarapaia Cantrill and Raine 2006
G. †Walchiaraucaria Bock 1969
G. †Woodworthia Jeffrey 1910
Fm. †Cheirolepidiaceae Turutanova-Ketova 1963
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G. †Classopollis Pflug 1953
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Invalid names: Corollina Maljavkina 1949 [synonym]
G. †Cupressinocladus Seward 1919
G. †Dicheiropollis Trevisan 1971
G. †Frenelopsis Schenk 1869
G. †Hirmeriella Hörhammer 1933
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Invalid names: Cheirolepis Schimper 1870 [replaced]
G. †Pararaucaria Wieland 1935
G. †Pseudofrenelopsis Nathorst 1893
G. †Watsoniocladus Srinivasan 1995
Or. Cupressales Link 1829
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G. †Inaperturopollenites Potonié 1966
G. †Sphaeripollenites Couper 1958
Or. †Sphenophyllales Seward 1898
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G. †Anastachys Remy 1955
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†Anastachys caudata Weiss 1876
G. †Bowmanites Binney 1871
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†Bowmanites cambrensis Binney 1871
G. †Eviostachya Stockmans 1948
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†Eviostachya hoegi Stockmans 1948
G. †Koinostachys Remy 1955
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†Koinostachys aquensis Remy 1955
G. †Litostrobus Mamay 1954
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†Litostrobus iowensis Mamay 1954
G. †Mesidiophyton Leisman 1964
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†Mesidiophyton paulus Leisman 1964
G. †Siderella Read 1936
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†Siderella scotti Read 1936
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G. †Difurcosphenophyllum Lotsy 1909
G. †Sphenophyllostachys Seward 1896
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†Sphenophyllostachys dawsoni Williamson 1871
G. †Sphenophyllum König 1825
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†Sphenophyllum churulianum Srivastava and Rigby 1983
†Sphenophyllum crenulatum Maithy 1978
†Sphenophyllum elongatum Rasskazova 1961
†Sphenophyllum emarginatum Brongniart 1822
†Sphenophyllum gondwanensis Singh et al. 1986
†Sphenophyllum radiatum Unger 1850
†Sphenophyllum thonii Mahr 1968
†Sphenophyllum utkalensis Pant et al. 1985
Invalid names: Sardykphyllum Zalessky 1929 [synonym], Sphenophyllites Brongniart 1822 [replaced]
G. †Stylocalamites Weiss 1884
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†Stylocalamites arborescens Sternberg 1833
Invalid names: Bryidae [empty], Echinostachyales Doweld 2001 [empty], Equisetophyceae [replaced]
G. †Parasphenophyllum Asama 1970
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G. †Paratrizygia Asama 1970
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†Paratrizygia kobonensis Kobatake 1970
Ph. Marattiophyta Heintze 1927
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Cl. Marattiopsida Doweld 2001
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Or. †Asterothecales Doweld 2001
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Invalid names: Ptychocarpaceae Doweld 2001 [empty]
Invalid names: Ophioglossophyta Doweld 2001 [empty], Sphenophyllophyta Doweld 2001 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
No ecological data are available

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Givetian to the top of the Pleistocene or 387.70000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 382.7 Ma

Collections (2306 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Middle Devonian393.3 - 382.7USA (New York) Dadoxylon halli (14214)
Givetian387.7 - 382.7USA (New York) Dadoxylon sp. (21167)
Late/Upper Devonian382.7 - 358.9USA (New York) Asteropteris kopfi (14215)
Late/Upper Devonian382.7 - 358.9China (Jiangsu) Sphenophyllum sp. (209613)
Famennian372.2 - 358.9USA (Indiana) Siderella scotti (21033)
Famennian372.2 - 358.9USA (Kentucky) Siderella scotti (20976 21168)
Middle Famennian370.6 - 364.7USA (West Virginia) Sphenophyllum subtenerrimmum, Eviostachya sp. (21198)
Late/Upper Famennian364.7 - 360.7Belgium (Namur) Eviostachya hoegi (32278) Eviostachya hoegii (32272 32280)
Late/Upper Famennian364.7 - 360.7Belgium (Liege) Sphenophyllum subtenerrimum (23335)
Hastarian358.9 - 353.8Germany (Nordrhein-Westfalen) Sphenophyllum sp. (38293)
Hastarian - Ivorian358.9 - 346.7Germany (Thuringia) Sphenophyllum sp. (20975)
Tournaisian358.9 - 346.7France (SC Massif Central) Araucarioxylon sp. (21362)
Tournaisian358.9 - 346.7Germany (Thuringia) Sphenophyllum sp. (21366)
Mississippian358.9 - 323.2USA (Kentucky) Bowmanites dawsoni (13593)
Mississippian358.9 - 323.2Canada (New Brunswick) Dadoxylon antiquius (13089) Sphenophyllum antiquum, Sphenophyllum cuneifolium, Dadoxylon ouangondianum (12421)
Mississippian358.9 - 323.2France (Montagne Noire) Sphenophyllum sp. (10663)
Mississippian358.9 - 323.2Canada (Nova Scotia) Dadoxylon acadianum (13094)
Mississippian358.9 - 323.2USA (West Virginia) Sphenophyllum cuneifolium (12983 12985) Sphenophyllum cuneifolium, Sphenophyllum majus, Sphenophyllum emarginatum (12984)
Mississippian358.9 - 323.2USA (Missouri) Sphenophyllum cunefolium, Sphenophyllum majus (12122)
Carboniferous - Desmoinesian358.9 - 306.0USA (Missouri) Sphenophyllum fasciculatum, Sphenophyllum longifolium, Sphenophyllum emarginatum (11196)