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Protorohippus venticolum
Taxonomy
Eohippus venticolus was named by Cope (1881). Its type specimen is AMNH 4832, a partial skeleton, and it is a 3D body fossil. It is the type species of Protorohippus.
It was recombined as Hyracotherium venticolum by Cope (1881) and Gingerich (1991); it was recombined as Protorohippus venticolus by Wortman (1896), Matthew (1899), Hay (1902), Trouessart (1905) and Froehlich (1999); it was synonymized subjectively with Hyracotherium vasacciense by Kitts (1956) and Robinson (1966); it was recombined as Protorohippus venticolum by Froehlich (2002).
It was recombined as Hyracotherium venticolum by Cope (1881) and Gingerich (1991); it was recombined as Protorohippus venticolus by Wortman (1896), Matthew (1899), Hay (1902), Trouessart (1905) and Froehlich (1999); it was synonymized subjectively with Hyracotherium vasacciense by Kitts (1956) and Robinson (1966); it was recombined as Protorohippus venticolum by Froehlich (2002).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1881 | Eohippus venticolus Cope p. 198 |
| 1881 | Hyracotherium venticolum Cope p. 198 |
| 1896 | Protorohippus venticolus Wortman p. 105 |
| 1899 | Protorohippus venticolus Matthew |
| 1902 | Protorohippus venticolus Hay p. 610 |
| 1905 | Eohippus venticolus Stehlin |
| 1905 | Protorohippus venticolus Trouessart |
| 1908 | Eohippus venticolus Granger |
| 1909 | Eohippus venticolus Matthew |
| 1930 | Eohippus venticolus Hay |
| 1940 | Eohippus venticolus Stirton |
| 1991 | Hyracotherium venticolum Gingerich |
| 1999 | Protorohippus venticolus Froehlich |
| 2002 | Protorohippus venticolum Froehlich p. 180 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
†Protorohippus venticolum Cope 1881
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Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| D. J. Froehlich 2002 | This taxon has no identified unambiguous autapomorphies in the analysis. It is diagnosed by its phylogenetic position. It has the following synapomorphies: P4 paraconule significantly anterior of line between paracone and protocone (Character 32, 0 to 1), upper molar mesostyle small (Character 46, 0 to 1), upper molar ectoloph moderately lophoid (Character 52, 0 to 1), upper molar protoloph sub-lophoid (Character 53, 0 to 1), P3 hypoconid large (Character 72, 0 to 1), lower molar cristid obliqua anterior end slightly lingual (Character 80, 2 to 1), lower molar protolophid incipiently lophoid (Character 89, 1 to 2), lower molar hypolophid straight (Character 92, 1 to 0), M3 hypolophid strong (Character 104, 1 to 2), and astra- galar trochlea inclined >10° (Character 121, 1 to 2) (these are all synapomorphies of the AMNH 4832 and all more-derived equids clade). The taxon lacks the character that diagnoses the next more-derived clade: astragalus that has tall trochlea and medial trochlea with no groove, medial trochlea connects fully with distal astragalo-navicular table (Character 120, 0 to 1). |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Nowak 1991, Ji et al. 2002, Carroll 1988, Lillegraven 1979, Hendy et al. 2009 | |||||
Age range: Wasatchian or 55.80000 to 50.30000 Ma
Collections (30 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lostcabinian | USA (Wyoming) | Hyracotherium venticolum (15997 15998 15999 16000 16005) | |
| Wasatchian | USA (Wyoming) | Hyracotherium vasacciense (15456) Hyracotherium venticolum (15454 15904 15906 15908 15927 15928 15946) Protorohippus venticolum (15662 186932 186933 186935 186936 186937 186939 186942 186943 186944 186945 186946 186947 186948 186951 186952) | |
| Wasatchian | USA (Colorado) | Hyracotherium vasacciense (15649) |