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Oepikina minnesotensis
Discussion
This is it's own species! It needs to be separated from Rafenisquina minnesotensis.
Taxonomy
Strophomena minnesotensis was named by Winchell (1881) [= Leptaena deltoidea (Conrad. Owen 1852, Report of a geological survey of Wisconsin, Iowa, and Minnesota, p. 629, tab. 21, fig. 10 (not the middle figure)
= Strophomena incrassata Safford (not Hall). HALL, 1883, New York State Geologist Second Ann. Rept., pl. 38(8), fig. 2 (not figs. 1, 3-5). (from Salmon 1942)].
It was recombined as Rafinesquina minnesotensis by Hall and Clarke (1892), Winchell and Schuchert (1895), Grabau and Shimer (1907), Bassler (1915) and Hume (1925); it was recombined as Opikina minnesotensis by Salmon (1942); it was recombined as Oepikina minnesotensis by Bretsky and Bretskey (1975) and Pope (1982).
It was recombined as Rafinesquina minnesotensis by Hall and Clarke (1892), Winchell and Schuchert (1895), Grabau and Shimer (1907), Bassler (1915) and Hume (1925); it was recombined as Opikina minnesotensis by Salmon (1942); it was recombined as Oepikina minnesotensis by Bretsky and Bretskey (1975) and Pope (1982).
Sister species lacking formal opinion data
Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1881 | Strophomena minnesotensis Winchell p. 120 figs. pl. 4 f. 24 & 25 |
1892 | Rafinesquina minnesotensis Hall and Clarke p. 283 |
1895 | Rafinesquina minnesotensis Winchell and Schuchert pp. 401-403 figs. pI. 31, figs. 25-26, 29 |
1907 | Rafinesquina minnesotensis Grabau and Shimer p. 215 fig. 252 |
1915 | Rafinesquina minnesotensis Bassler p. 1022 |
1925 | Rafinesquina minnesotensis Hume |
1942 | Opikina minnesotensis Salmon pp. 592 - 593 figs. Plate 87, figures 5-11 |
1975 | Oepikina minnesotensis Bretsky and Bretskey pp. 9, 18 figs. pl. 1-2 |
1982 | Oepikina minnesotensis Pope pp. L6-L17 figs. Plate 1, figures 1-14; plate 2, figures 1-12; plate 3, figures 1-19; text-figures 1-11 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
†Oepikina minnesotensis Winchell 1881
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Diagnosis
Reference | Diagnosis | |
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E. S. Salmon 1942 | Shell relatively small, outline evenly and narrowly rounded; widest at or anterior to the hinge line; cardinal angles bluntly rounded, about 90˚. Convexity high; posterior gently rounded, anterior a long straight slope. Geniculation sharply rounded but not angular, about 10 mm. from the beak, forming an angle of about 100˚.
No surface markings are visible on the specimens believed to be the syntypes, which are silicified internal molds of pedicle valves. However, other specimens from the same horizon and locality that appear to be specifically identical with the types have very fine costellae of alternating sizes, and the shell is very finely pseudopunctate. The pedicle muscle area is nearly circular and occupies about one-half the interior surface. The dental lamellae diverge at an angle of about 120?; the lateral and anterior margins of the muscle area are very faintly marked. The adductor tracks consist of a relatively wide ridge, which is highest at the anterior end. The diductor scars are marked by fine radial ridges. The entire visceral area is limited by a low circular ridge. The interior of the brachial valve shows the median and two pairs of lateral septa, which are highest at the anterior ends, and a sharp ridge around the anterior and lateral margins of the visceral area. | |
J. K. Pope 1982 | Shells relatively small. Outline semicircular, slightly transverse or slightly elongate. Cardinal extremities orthogonal, rounded, or slightly alate. Convexity variable, low and smoothly curved to high with rounded geniculation. Costellae fine, uniform to weakly unequal. Teeth strong, transversely grooved. Diductor muscle scars oval, slightly impressed. Ventral adductor muscle scars on elongated ridges. Ventral valve with low submarginal rim. Dorsal trans-muscle ridges straight or with slight angular bend; highest toward anterior. Marginal rim of dorsal valve conspicuous. |