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Eocrinoidea

Eocrinoidea

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1918Eocrinoidea Jaekel
1945Eocrinoidea Regnéll
1967Eocrinoidea Beaver et al. p. S1
1973Eocrinoidea Sprinkle p. 58
2002Eocrinoidea Sepkoski
2006Eocrinoidea Parsley and Zhao p. 1063
2006Eocrinoidea Sprinkle and Collins p. 311
2008Eocrinoidea Zhao et al. p. 419

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Deuterostomia
Ambulacraria
RankNameAuthor
phylumEchinodermata
subphylumBlastozoa
classEocrinoideaJaekel 1918
classEocrinoideaJaekel 1918

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Cl. †Eocrinoidea Jaekel 1918
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G. †Acanthocystites Barrande 1887
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G. †Cambrocrinus Orlowski 1968
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Cambrocrinus regularis Orlowski 1968
G. †Eocystites Billings 1868
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Eocystites primaevus Billings 1868
G. †Eustypocystis Sprinkle 1973
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Eustypocystis minor Sprinkle 1973
G. †Nolichuckia Sprinkle 1973
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Nolichuckia casteri Sprinkle 1973
G. †Pareocrinus Yakovlev 1956
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Pareocrinus ljubzovi Yakovlev 1956
Fm. †Rhopalocystidae Ubaghs 1967
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G. †Rhopalocystis Ubaghs 1963
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Rhopalocystis destombesi Ubaghs 1963
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Invalid names: Rhopalocystis dehirensis Chauvel and Régnault 1986 [synonym]
Rhopalocystis fraga Chauvel 1971
Rhopalocystis grandis Chauvel 1971
Rhopalocystis havliceki Chauvel 1978
Rhopalocystis zagoraensis Chauvel 1971
+
Invalid names: Rhopalocystis lehmani Chauvel 1978 [synonym]
Fm. †Ascocystitidae Ubaghs 1967
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G. †Ascocystites Barrande 1887
G. †Balangicystis Parsley and Zhao 2006
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Balangicystis rotundus Parsley and Zhao 2006
G. †Balantiocystis Chauvel 1966
G. †Bolboporites Pander 1830
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Bolboporites americanus Billings 1859
Bolboporites uncinata Pander 1830
Invalid names: Bolboporites Pander 1830 [objective synonym]
G. †Cardiocystites Barrande 1887
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Cardiocystites bohemicus Barrande 1887
G. †Cigara
Fm. †Cryptocrinitidae Bassler 1938
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G. †Cryptocrinites von Buch 1840
G. †Cymbionites Whitehouse 1941
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Cymbionites craticula Whitehouse 1941
Or. †Gogiida Broadhead 1982
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Fm. †Eocrinidae Jaekel 1918
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G. †Akadocrinus Prokop 1962
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Akadocrinus jani Prokop 1962
G. †Alanisicystis Ubaghs and Vizcaïno 1991
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Alanisicystis andalusiae Ubaghs and Vizcaíno 1990
G. †Globoeocrinus Zhao et al. 2008
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Globoeocrinus globulus Zhao et al. 2008
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Invalid names: Sinoeocrinus globus Zhao 1999 [replaced]
G. †Gogia Walcott 1917
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Gogia granulosa Robison 1965
Gogia guntheri Sprinkle 1973
Gogia hobbsi Sprinkle 1973
Gogia kitchnerensis Sprinkle 1973
Gogia longidactylus Walcott 1886
Gogia multibrachiatus Kirk 1945
Gogia ojenai Durham 1978
Gogia palmeri Sprinkle 1973
Gogia parsleyi Zamora et al. 2009
Gogia prolifica Walcott 1917
Gogia spiralis Robison 1965
Gogia stephenensis Sprinkle and Collins 2006
Invalid names: Eocrinus Jaekel 1918 [synonym]
G. †Guizhoueocrinus Zhao et al. 2007
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Guizhoueocrinus yui Zhao et al. 2007
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Sinoeocrinus lui Zhao et al. 1994
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Invalid names: Curtoeocrinus guizhouensis Zhao et al. 1994 [synonym], Paragogia globosa Zhao et al. 1994 [synonym], Sinoeocrinus curtobrachiolus Zhao et al. 1994 [synonym], Sinoeocrinus longus Zhao et al. 1994 [synonym], Sinoeocrinus minus Zhao et al. 1994 [synonym]
Invalid names: Curtoeocrinus Zhao et al. 1994 [synonym], Paragogia [synonym]
Fm. †Lyracystidae Sprinkle and Collins 2006
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G. †Lyracystis Sprinkle and Collins 2006
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Lyracystis radiata Sprinkle and Collins 2006
Lyracystis reesei Sprinkle and Collins 2006
G. †Wudingeocrinus Luo et al. 2008
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Wudingeocrinus rarus Luo et al. 2008
G. †Haimacystis Sumrall et al. 2011
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Haimacystis rozhnovi Sumrall et al. 2011
G. †Hexedriocystis Sumrall and Zamora 2011
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Hexedriocystis inexpectans Sumrall and Zamora 2011
Hexedriocystis mimus Sumrall and Zamora 2011
Fm. †Lichenoididae Jaekel 1918
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G. †Lichenoides Barrande 1846
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Lichenoides priscus Barrande 1846
Lichenoides vadosus Parsley and Prokop 2004
Fm. †Lingulocystidae Ubaghs 1960
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G. †Lingulocystis Thoral 1935
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Lingulocystis boliviensis Sprinkle 1973
Lingulocystis deani Ubaghs 1994
Lingulocystis elongata Thoral 1935
G. †Llanocystis Zamora et al. 2015
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Llanocystis wilbernsensis Zamora et al. 2015
G. †Luhocrinus Prokop and Fatka 1985
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Luhocrinus monicae Prokop and Fatka 1985
G. †Marjumicystis Ubaghs and Robison 1988
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Marjumicystis mettae Ubaghs and Robison 1988
Fm. †Palaeocystitidae Ubaghs 1967
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G. †Bromidocystis Sprinkle 1982
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Bromidocystis bassleri Sprinkle 1982
G. †Paracryptocrinites Rozhnov and Federov 2001
G. †Peridionites Whitehouse 1941
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Peridionites navicula Whitehouse 1941
Fm. †Rhipidocystidae Jaekel 1901
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G. †Batherocystis Bassler 1950
G. †Durhamicystis Zamora et al. 2020
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Durhamicystis americana Zamora et al. 2020
G. †Mandalocystis Lewis et al. 1987
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Mandalocystis dockeryi Lewis et al. 1987
G. †Petalocystites Sprinkle 1973
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Petalocystites ikecanensis Sprinkle 1973
G. †Rhipidocystis Jaekel 1901
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Rhipidocystis gigas Jaekel 1901
Fm. †Ridersiidae Jell et al. 1985
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G. †Ridersia Jell et al. 1985
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Ridersia watsonae Jell et al. 1985
Or. †Trachelocrinida Sumrall 1997
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Fm. †Heckerocrinidae Doweld 2012
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G. †Heckerocrinus Doweld 2012
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Heckerocrinus cucumis Doweld 2012
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Invalid names: Bockia cucumis Hecker 1940 [replaced]
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Invalid names: Bockia elpasoensis Sprinkle and Wahlman 1994 [replaced]
Heckerocrinus gravus Doweld 2012
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Invalid names: Bockia grava Bockelie 1981 [replaced]
Heckerocrinus heintzi Doweld 2012
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Invalid names: Bockia heintzi Bockelie 1981 [replaced]
Heckerocrinus laevis Doweld 2012
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Invalid names: Bockia laevis Hecker 1940 [replaced]
Heckerocrinus mirabilis Doweld 2012
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Invalid names: Bockia mirabilis Bockelie 1981 [replaced]
Heckerocrinus neglectus Doweld 2012
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Invalid names: Bockia neglecta Hecker 1940 [replaced]
Heckerocrinus sculptus Doweld 2012
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Invalid names: Bockia sculpta Hecker 1940 [replaced]
Invalid names: Bockia Hecker 1938 [replaced]
Invalid names: Bockiidae Ubaghs 1972 [replaced]
Fm. †Trachelocrinidae Sprinkle 1973
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G. †Tatonkacystis Sumrall et al. 1997
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Tatonkacystis codyensis Sumrall et al. 1997
G. †Trachelocrinus Ulrich 1929
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Trachelocrinus resseri Ulrich 1929
G. †Ubaghsicystis Gil Cid and Domínguez 2002
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Ubaghsicystis segurae Gil Cid and Domínguez 2002
Invalid names: Imbricata Sprinkle 1973 [empty]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
J. Sprinkle 1973Early blastozoan echinoderms having an irregular adjacently or im- bricately plated calyx with or without epispires (sutural pores), an irregularly multiplated holdfast or a true stem as an attachment appendage, a primitive ambu- lacra! system bearing normal or modified braehioles, and usually little pentameral symmetry. The calyx is more or less globular or else flattened, and usually plated with numerous irregularly arranged adjacent plates (imbricate in 2 early genera). Many early eocrinoids have char- acteristic epispires or sutural pores on the sutures between the calyx plates, but these are lost in some middle Cambrian and most later genera. The calyx in early eocrinoids is attached aborally by a cylindrical or globular irregularly multiplated holdfast with a large central lumen. During the middle Cambrian, however, this primitive appendage evolved into a true columnal- bearing stem. The ambulacral system is usually confined to the adoral end of the calyx (oral surface) and consists of 2-5 (or more) ambulacral grooves located on slightly modified calyx plates and leading to groups of erect braehioles. Most eocri- noids have normal straight braehioles with biserial plating and tiny adjacent or imbri- cate cover plates, but a few forms have spiralled braehioles, modified braehioles with apparent uniserial plating, or the entire ambulacral system developed as erect "arms" with "pinnule-like" braehioles. In most genera the numerous calyx plates are usually irregularly arranged and only the ambulacral system shows any evidence of pentameral symmetry. The mouth is usually central on the oral surface with the anal opening lateral; a hydropore and gonopore may also be present between these. Plate growth unknown in most forms but probably holoperipheral. Twenty-five ± genera. Early Cambrian to middle Ordovician (perhaps later). Nearly world-wide range (but many localities known only from plates).