PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Strongylocentrotus

Echinoidea - Camarodonta - Strongylocentrotidae

Taxonomy

Strongylocentrotus was named by Brandt (1835) [Sepkoski's age data: T Mi-l-l R Sepkoski's reference number: 1066]. It is extant.

It was assigned to Strongylocentrotidae by Clark and Twitchell (1915), Kew (1920), Grant and Hertlein (1938), Cooke (1941), Nisiyama (1966) and Fell and Pawson (1966); and to Echinoida by Sepkoski (2002).

Species

S. droebachiensis, S. echinoides, S. fragilis, S. franciscanus, S. intermedius, S. magistrus, S. nudus, S. octoporus, S. polycanthus, S. pulchellus, S. pulcherriumus, S. purpuratus, S. sachalinicus

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1835	Strongylocentrotus Brandt p. 63
1915	Strongylocentrotus Clark and Twitchell p. 216
1920	Strongylocentrotus Kew p. 57
1938	Strongylocentrotus Grant and Hertlein p. 31
1941	Strongylocentrotus Cooke p. 19
1966	Strongylocentrotus Fell and Pawson p. U435
1966	Strongylocentrotus Nisiyama p. 250
2002	Strongylocentrotus Sepkoski

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
—	Ambulacraria
phylum	Echinodermata
subphylum	Eleutherozoa
—	Echinozoa	()

Rank	Name	Author
class	Echinoidea	()
subclass	Euechinoidea	Bronn 1860
—	Echinacea	()
order	Camarodonta
infraorder	Odontophora
family	Strongylocentrotidae
genus	Strongylocentrotus

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Strongylocentrotus Brandt 1835

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Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis Müller 1776

Strongylocentrotus echinoides Agassiz and Clark 1907

Strongylocentrotus fragilis Jackson 1912

Strongylocentrotus franciscanus Agassiz 1863

Strongylocentrotus intermedius Barn 1863

†Strongylocentrotus magistrus Nisiyama 1966

Strongylocentrotus nudus Agassiz 1863

†Strongylocentrotus octoporus Nisiyama 1966

Strongylocentrotus polycanthus Agassiz and Clark 1907

Strongylocentrotus pulchellus Agassiz and Clark 1907

Strongylocentrotus pulcherriumus Agassiz 1863

†Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Stimpson 1857

Strongylocentrotus sachalinicus Döderlein 1912

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

high Mg calcitec

Ontogeny:

accretion, addition of partsp

Environment:

marinep

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Life habit:

epifaunalc

Diet:

grazerc

Diet 2:

deposit feederc

Vision:

limitedc

Dispersal:

waterp

Dispersal 2:

planktonicp

Created:

2004-02-28 12:05:24

Modified:

2010-02-12 04:00:29

Source: c = class, p = phylum

References: Kiessling 2004, Aberhan 1992

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Oligocene to the top of the Holocene or 28.40000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 23.03 Ma

Collections (66 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Oligocene	28.4 - 23.03	USA (California)	S. sp. (122273)
Miocene	23.03 - 5.333	USA (California)	S. franciscanus (214405)
Burdigalian	20.44 - 15.97	New Caledonia	S. sp. (40791)
Late/Upper Miocene	11.608 - 5.333	USA (California)	S. franciscanus (214962 214963 214964)
Late/Upper Miocene - Early/Lower Pliocene	11.608 - 3.6	Japan (Aomori)	S. octoporus (204398)
Pliocene	5.333 - 2.588	Japan (Toyama)	S. magistrus (204396)
Pliocene	5.333 - 2.588	USA (California)	S. purpuratus (135776)
Pliocene	5.333 - 2.588	USA (Florida)	S. drobachiensis (203416)
Pliocene	5.333 - 2.588	Japan (Hokkaido)	S. echinoides (204395) S. intermedius (204394)
Piacenzian - Zanclean	3.6 - 3.6	Belgium	S. sp. (32146)
Late/Upper Pliocene	3.6 - 2.588	USA (California)	S. franciscanus (214965 214966 214967)
Piacenzian	3.6 - 2.588	USA (California)	S. franciscanus, S. purpuratus (186031)
Pleistocene - Holocene	2.588 - 0.0	USA (California)	S. franciscanus (138724)
Quaternary	2.58 - 0.0	USA (California)	S. franciscanus (37941 37943 37944 37945 37948) S. franciscanus, S. purpuratus (37940) S. purpuratus (37933 37937 37938 37939 37942 37947)
Middle Pleistocene	0.774 - 0.129	Greenland	S. droebachiensis (75179 75197 75200)
Middle Pleistocene	0.774 - 0.129	USA (California)	S. franciscanus, S. purpuratus (138723 222663 223325) S. purpuratus (207886)
Middle Pleistocene (late glacial)	0.774 - 0.129	Canada (New Brunswick)	S. droebachiensis (210895)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (glacial)	0.129 - 0.0117	Iceland	S. droebachiensis (75055 75057)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (California)	S. franciscanus, S. purpuratus (160361) S. purpuratus (203417) S. sp. (37672 37673 59063)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	Mexico	S. purpuratus (226464 226466 226468) S. sp. (67642)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	Canada (British Columbia)	S. droebachiensis (75232)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (Alaska)	S. droebachiensis (37632)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	Greenland	S. drobachiensis (227031) S. droebachiensis (75125 75127 75130 75133 75134 75151)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (Oregon)	S. sp. (176670)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (Massachusetts)	S. drobachiensis (61268)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	Greenland (Disko Island)	S. droebachiensis (227045 227046)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	Greenland	S. droebachiensis (75216 75218 75219 75220)