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Toxopneustes
Taxonomy
Toxopneustes was named by Agassiz (1841) [Sepkoski's age data: Q Plei R]. It is extant. It is the type genus of Toxopneustidae.
It was reranked as Echinus (Toxopneustes) by Agassiz and Desor (1846).
It was assigned to Echinus by Agassiz and Desor (1846); to Triplechinidae by Clark and Twitchell (1915); to Echinidae by Grant and Hertlein (1938); to Echinoida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Toxopneustidae by Fell and Pawson (1966) and Smith (2009).
It was reranked as Echinus (Toxopneustes) by Agassiz and Desor (1846).
It was assigned to Echinus by Agassiz and Desor (1846); to Triplechinidae by Clark and Twitchell (1915); to Echinidae by Grant and Hertlein (1938); to Echinoida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Toxopneustidae by Fell and Pawson (1966) and Smith (2009).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1841 | Toxopneustes Agassiz p. 7 |
| 1846 | Echinus (Toxopneustes) Agassiz and Desor |
| 1915 | Toxopneustes Clark and Twitchell p. 222 |
| 1938 | Toxopneustes Grant and Hertlein p. 26 |
| 1966 | Toxopneustes Fell and Pawson p. U427 |
| 2002 | Toxopneustes Sepkoski |
| 2009 | Toxopneustes Smith |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available