PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Dendraster

Echinoidea - Clypeasteroida - Dendrasteridae

Taxonomy

Dendraster was named by Agassiz and Desor (1847) [Sepkoski's age data: T Plio-l R]. It is extant.

It was assigned to Fibulariidae by Clark and Twitchell (1915); to Scutellidae by Kew (1920); to Scutellidae by Grant and Hertlein (1938); to Dendrasteridae by Durham (1955), Durham (1966) and Wagner (1974); and to Clypeasteroida by Sepkoski (2002).

Species

D. arnoldi, D. ashleyi, D. casseli, D. cedrosensis, D. coalingaensis, D. diegoensis, D. elsmerensis, D. excentricus, D. gibbsii, D. hesperis, D. jacalitosensis, D. pacificus, D. pentagonalis, D. sullivani, D. venturaensis, D. vizcainoensis

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1847	Dendraster Agassiz and Desor p. 135
1915	Dendraster Clark and Twitchell p. 190
1920	Dendraster Kew p. 113
1938	Dendraster Grant and Hertlein p. 78
1955	Dendraster Durham p. 158 figs. Figs. 1, d; 4, c; 5, 6; 11; 20; 21, a-d; 26, j; 33
1966	Dendraster Durham p. U480
1974	Dendraster Wagner p. 120
2002	Dendraster Sepkoski

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
—	Ambulacraria
phylum	Echinodermata
subphylum	Eleutherozoa
—	Echinozoa	()
class	Echinoidea	()
subclass	Euechinoidea	Bronn 1860

Rank	Name	Author
superorder	Acroechinoidea	()
—	Carinacea
—	Irregularia	()
—	Microstomata
—	Neognathostomata
order	Clypeasteroida
suborder	Scutellina	()
infraorder	Scutelliformes
family	Dendrasteridae
genus	Dendraster

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Dendraster Agassiz and Desor 1847

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†Dendraster arnoldi Clark and Twitchell 1915

†Dendraster ashleyi Arnold 1907

†Dendraster ashleyi ynezensis Kew 1920

†Dendraster casseli Grant and Hertlein 1938

†Dendraster cedrosensis Israelsky 1923

†Dendraster coalingaensis Clark and Twitchell 1915

†Dendraster diegoensis Kew 1920

†Dendraster diegoensis diegoensis Kew 1920

†Dendraster elsmerensis Durham 1949

†Dendraster excentricus Eschscholz 1826

†Dendraster excentrius elongatus Clark 1935

†Dendraster gibbsii Rémond 1863

†Dendraster gibbsii humilis Kew 1920

†Dendraster hesperis Kew 1920

†Dendraster hesperis gibbosus Kew 1920

†Dendraster jacalitosensis Kew 1920

†Dendraster pacificus Kew 1920

†Dendraster pentagonalis Israelsky 1923

†Dendraster sullivani Durham and Morgan 1978

†Dendraster venturaensis Kew 1920

†Dendraster vizcainoensis Grant and Hertlein 1938

†Dendraster vizcainoensis similaris Grant and Hertlein 1938

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

high Mg calcitec

Ontogeny:

accretion, addition of partsp

Environment:

marinep

Locomotion:

slow-movingo

Life habit:

semi-infaunalo

Diet:

detritivoreo

Vision:

limitedc

Dispersal:

waterp

Dispersal 2:

planktonicp

Created:

2004-02-28 18:19:59

Modified:

2009-10-08 15:05:22

Source: o = order, c = class, p = phylum

References: Aberhan 1992, Kiessling 2004, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range: base of the Langhian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 15.97000 to 0.01170 Ma

Collections (103 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Miocene	23.03 - 5.333	USA (California)	D. sp. (195076)
Langhian - Serravallian	15.97 - 11.62	Mexico (Baja California Sur)	Merriamaster pacificus (13450)
Late/Upper Miocene - Early/Lower Pliocene	11.608 - 3.6	USA (California)	D. coalingaensis (203559)
Messinian	7.246 - 5.333	USA (California)	D. sp. (194796 194895 195038)
Messinian - Zanclean	7.246 - 3.6	USA (California)	D. coalingaensis (39323 39327 39392 39403) D. gibbsi (37554)
Early/Lower Pliocene	5.333 - 3.6	USA (California)	D. ashleyi (203549) D. casseli (203550) D. elsmerensis (194094 194095) D. gibbsii (206366 206367 206368 206370) D. sp. A, D. coalingaensis (220181)
Pliocene	5.333 - 2.588	Mexico (Baja California)	D. cedrosensis (97128) D. cedrosensis, D. pentagonalis (97127 97130) D. gibbsii, D. pacificus, D. cedrosensis, D. diegoensis, D. pentagonalis (97124) D. pentagonalis (97129)
Pliocene	5.333 - 2.588	Mexico (Baja California Sur)	D. diegoensis, D. hesperis (43688) D. gibbsii (43683)
Pliocene	5.333 - 2.588	USA (California)	D. arnoldi (194664) D. gibbsii (199732 215435 216433 216568 216867 216868 216871 216900 216902 220193) D. hesperis (139658) D. sp. B (220192) D. sullivani (194689) Merriamaster pacificus (120820)
Zanclean - Gelasian	5.333 - 1.806	USA (California)	D. ashleyi (214258)
Blancan	4.9 - 1.8	USA (California)	D. coalingense (19678) D. gibbsii (19698) D. gibsii (19695)
Late/Upper Pliocene	3.6 - 2.588	USA (Florida)	D. sp. (80039)
Late/Upper Pliocene	3.6 - 2.588	USA (California)	D. venturaensis (203551)
Gelasian	2.588 - 1.806	USA (California)	D. ashleyi (207660 207663 207665 207670 207671 207672 207677 207687 207691 207692 207694 207695 207696 207697 207698 207699 207700 207702 207703 207704 207708 207713 207715 207717 207719 207722 207725 207726 207728 214287)
Early/Lower Pleistocene	2.588 - 0.781	USA (Florida)	D. sp. (79786)
Pleistocene	2.588 - 0.0117	USA (California)	D. vizcainoensis (138720)
Quaternary	2.58 - 0.0	Mexico (Baja California Sur)	D. vizcainoensis (203552)
Quaternary	2.58 - 0.0	USA (California)	D. excentricus (37938)
Middle Pleistocene	0.774 - 0.129	USA (California)	D. excentricus (138723) D. sp. (71053 71054) Echinarachnius excentricus (222663 222664)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.774 - 0.0117	USA (California)	Echinarachnius excentricus (222646)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (South Carolina)	D. sp. (79705 79707)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	Mexico	D. excentricus (67642)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (California)	D. excentricus (96930 96935 96936 96937 96938 96939) D. sp. (59063) D. sp., D. excentricus, D. vizcainoensis (160361) Echinarachnius excentricus (222659 222660 222661 222662)