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Belodina

Conodonta - Panderodontida - Panderodontidae

Taxonomy
Belodina was named by Ethington (1959) [Sepkoski's age data: O Llvi-l O Ashg-u Sepkoski's reference number: 800].

It was assigned to Conodontophorida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Panderodontidae by Sweet (1988), Leslie (1997) and Zhen et al. (2020).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1959Belodina Ethington
1988Belodina Sweet p. 185
1997Belodina Leslie p. 925
2002Belodina Sepkoski
2020Belodina Zhen et al. p. 23

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
RankNameAuthor
subphylumConodontophorida()
classConodonta
orderPanderodontidaSweet 1988
familyPanderodontidaeLindström 1970
genusBelodinaEthington 1959

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Belodina Ethington 1959
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†Belodina compressa Branson and Mehl 1933
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Invalid names: Belodina fornicalus Stauffer 1935 [synonym], Belodina grandis Stauffer 1935 [synonym], Belodina wykoffensis Stauffer 1935 [synonym]
†Belodina confluens Sweet 1979
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
S. A. Leslie 1997Quadrimembrate apparatus consisting of one geniculate coniform, M (eobelodiniform), element and three types of rastrate elements, S, (compressiform),S 2 (grandiform)a, nd S3 (dispansiform); S , elements with shorter radius of curvature and higher base than S2 and S3 elements; S3 element with distinct needle-like denticles that point toward the apex of cusp. All S elements exhibit distinct flaring of anterior-margin profile for short distance anterior of anteriobasal corner.
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: hydroxyapatitec
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: nektonicc
Diet: carnivorec
Vision: well-developedc
Created: 2005-02-03 07:48:42
Modified: 2010-02-12 04:00:46
Source: c = class
Reference: Aberhan 1992

Age range: base of the Arenig to the top of the Carboniferous or 478.60000 to 298.90000 Ma

Collections (199 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Ordovician485.4 - 470.0Svalbard and Jan Mayen B. sp. (186596)
Early/Lower Ordovician485.4 - 470.0Canada (British Columbia) B. confluens (177772)
Ordovician485.4 - 443.8USA (New York) B. sp. (332)
Arenig478.6 - 466.0China (HeBei) B. sp. (7956)
Middle Ordovician470.0 - 458.4USA (New York) B. sp. (333 334)
Chazyan470.0 - 457.3USA (Tennessee) B. sp. (308)
Whiterockian470.0 - 457.3USA (Nevada) B. disponsa (104330) B. monitorensis (210656 210657 210658 210659 210660 210661)
Llanvirn468.0 - 458.4China (HeBei) B. sp. (7959)
Llanvirn468.0 - 458.4China (ShanXi) B. sp. (8532)
Soudleyan - Marshbrookian458.4 - 454.0China (HeBei) B. sp. (7986)
Sandbian458.4 - 453.0Russian Federation B. compressa (142449) B. confluens (142451)
Sandbian458.4 - 453.0China (Shaanxi) B. compressa (210632)
Sandbian458.4 - 453.0China (Inner Mongolia) B. monitorensis (222722)
Sandbian458.4 - 453.0Russian Federation (Siberia) B. compressa (205386)
Caradoc458.4 - 449.5Russian Federation (Siberia) B. sp. (9298 9302 9310)
Caradoc458.4 - 449.5Canada (Nunavut) B. confluens (188104 188196 188198 188200 188201)
Caradoc458.4 - 449.5China (HeNan) B. sp. (20772)
Gisbornian - Eastonian458.4 - 449.5China B. compressa (187885)
Sandbian - Katian458.4 - 445.2Russian Federation (Siberia) B. repens (206485)
Late/Upper Ordovician458.4 - 443.8Canada (Northwest Territories) B. confluens (180205 180206 180213 180214 180217 180221 180222 180234 180240 180242)
Late/Upper Ordovician458.4 - 443.8Canada (British Columbia) B. monitorensis (177796 177797)
Late/Upper Ordovician458.4 - 443.8Australia (New South Wales) B. confluens (189105 189106 189107 189108 189109)
Turinian457.3 - 453.8Canada (British Columbia) B. compressa (192198 192199 192200) B. confluens (192183) B. sp. (192178 192180 192184 192195) B. sp., B. compressa (35426)
Turinian457.3 - 453.8USA (Missouri) B. compressa (176649)
Mohawkian457.3 - 451.0USA (Nevada) B. monitorensis (105561 105563) B. ornata (105569)
Blackriveran - Kirkfieldian457.3 - 449.6Canada (Northwest Territories) B. compressa (27087 27094 27096) B. dispansa (27102) B. dispansa, B. compressa (27099 27103) B. leithi, B. compressa (27098) B. leithi, B. profunda (27101) B. leithi, B. sp., B. compressa (27093) B. sp., B. compressa (27091)
Blackriveran - Shermanian457.3 - 449.6USA (Minnesota) B. compressa (23295) B. compressa, B. confluens (23298)
Blackriveran - Shermanian457.3 - 449.6USA (Iowa) B. compressa (23300)
Franklinian457.3 - 449.6Canada (Ontario) B. compressa (90381)
Shermanian - Gamachian457.3 - 443.7Canada (Northwest Territories) B. confluens (26101 26102)
Chatfieldian - Edenian453.8 - 450.2Canada (Manitoba) B. arca, B. confluens (177629) B. confluens (177586 177630 177642 177658)
Onnian453.0 - 449.5Australia (Tasmania) B. compressa (26238)
Katian453.0 - 445.2Russian Federation (Siberia) B. sp. (9311)
Katian453.0 - 445.2Canada (Cape Manning) B. confluens (211134)
Katian453.0 - 445.2China B. baiyanhuaensis, B. confluens (187374 187382) B. baiyanhuaensis, B. sp., B. confluens (187376 187377 187378 187385) B. baiyanhuaensis, B. sp., B. stonei, B. confluens (187395) B. baiyanhuaensis, B. stonei (187406) B. confluens (187375 187386 187387 187393 187394 187396 187399 187400 187403 187404 187405 187408) B. sp., B. confluens (187381) B. stonei, B. confluens (187402 187407)
Katian453.0 - 445.2USA (Oklahoma) B. compressa (212642 212643 212658) B. confluens (212677 212678 212679 212680 212681 212682 212723 212725 212727 212775 212777 212778 212779 212820 212821 212822 212823 212824 212825 212826 212827 212830)
Katian - Hirnantian453.0 - 443.4Russian Federation (Siberia) B. sp. (205665)
Eastonian452.7 - 449.5Russian Federation B. compressa (142450)
Edenian - Maysvillian451.0 - 449.6Canada (Northwest Territories) B. arca (26098) B. leithi, B. compressa (27085)
Edenian - Richmondian451.0 - 445.5USA (Nevada) B. confluens (10641)
Maysvillian - Richmondian450.2 - 445.5USA (Nevada) B. confluens (10668)
Kralodvorian449.8 - 445.2Spain (Zaragoza) B. sp. (21057)
Richmondian449.6 - 445.5Canada (Northwest Territories) B. confluens (26090) B. stonei (26096 26097)
Richmondian449.6 - 445.5Canada (Québec) B. dispansa, B. profunda, B. sp., B. compressa (24569)
Richmondian449.6 - 445.5Greenland B. confluens (183125)
Richmondian449.6 - 445.5Canada (Manitoba) B. confluens (177632 177643 177644 177659)
Richmondian449.6 - 445.5Canada (Nunavut) B. profunda (360) B. profunda, B. compressa (169387)
Richmondian449.6 - 445.5USA (Alaska) B. sp. (49341)
Ashgill - Cautleyan449.5 - 448.8Canada (Québec) B. compressa (24863)
Pirgu449.5 - 445.2Sweden (Dalarne) B. confluens (173723 173724)
Pirgu449.5 - 445.2Sweden B. confluens (159344)
Ashgill449.5 - 443.7Russian Federation B. confluens (142455 142457 142459 142460 142462 142463)
Ashgill449.5 - 443.7Canada (Nunavut) B. confluens (188155)
Ashgill449.5 - 443.7Canada (Québec) B. dispanea, B. profunda, B. compressa (24975) B. dispansa, B. profunda (24972) B. dispansa, B. profunda, B. compressa (24571 24572) B. profunda (24566 24573)
Bolindian449.5 - 443.7Russian Federation B. compressa (142452)
Ashgill - Wenlock449.5 - 427.4Canada (Nunavut) B. confluens (188107 188108 188109 188113 188116 188117 188118 188119 188156 188164 188192 188193)
Cautleyan449.2 - 448.8Ireland (Leinster) B. confluens (89130)
Rawtheyan - Cautleyan448.8 - 448.8Russian Federation (Siberia) B. sp. (9313)
Porkuni445.6 - 443.7Sweden (southern Gotland) B. confluens (183653)
Hirnantian445.2 - 443.4Russian Federation (Siberia) B. sp., B. compressa (206167)
Hirnantian445.2 - 443.4Russian Federation B. confluens (142465)
Rhuddanian443.4 - 440.8Greenland B. confluens (183128)
Givetian387.7 - 382.7Morocco B. sp. (145431 145433 145434 145435 145438 145439 145440 145441)
Late/Upper Devonian - Carboniferous382.7 - 298.9Greece (Chios) B. triangularis (222755)