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Sphenodus

Chondrichthyes - Synechodontiformes - Orthacodontidae

Taxonomy
Sphenodus was named by Agassiz (1843) [Sepkoski's age data: J Sine T Dani Sepkoski's reference number: 884].

It was reranked as Lamna (Sphenodus) by Agassiz (1843).

It was assigned to Lamna by Agassiz (1843); to Lamninae by Hay (1902); to Lamnidae by Jordan (1963); to Hexanchiformes by Sepkoski (2002); and to Orthacodontidae by Grande and Chatterjee (1987), Duffin and Ward (1993), Rees (2000), Guinot et al. (2014) and Stumpf and Kriwet (2019).

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1843Lamna (Sphenodus) Agassiz p. 288
1843Sphenodus Agassiz p. 288
1889Orthacodus Woodward p. 349
1902Sphenodus Hay p. 302
1963Orthacodus Jordan p. 599
1963Sphenodus Jordan p. 599
1977Orthacodus Itoigawa p. 128
1981Orthacodus Uyeno et al. p. 84 figs. pl.1, fg. J, N-O
1987Sphenodus Grande and Chatterjee
1993Sphenodus Duffin and Ward p. 56
2000Sphenodus Rees p. 415
2002Sphenodus Sepkoski
2014Sphenodus Guinot et al. p. 61
2019Sphenodus Stumpf and Kriwet p. 644

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
RankNameAuthor
classChondrichthyes
subclassElasmobranchiiBonaparte 1838
infraclassEuselachii()
—NeoselachiiCompagno 1977
orderSynechodontiformes
familyOrthacodontidaede Beaumont 1960
genusSphenodus

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Sphenodus Agassiz 1843
show all | hide all
†Lamna (Sphenodus) plana Agassiz 1843
†Sphenodus alpinus Guembel 1861
†Sphenodus helveticus de Beaumont 1960
†Sphenodus longidens Agassiz 1843
†Sphenodus nitidus Wagner 1862
†Sphenodus rectidens Emmons 1858
Invalid names: Orthacodus Woodward 1889 [objective synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: nektonico
Diet: carnivoreo
Created: 2009-07-21 07:23:41
Modified: 2009-07-21 09:23:41
Source: o = order, subp = subphylum
References: Wagner 2023, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the Rhaetian to the top of the Bartonian or 208.50000 to 38.00000 Ma

Collections (39 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3France (Bourgogne-Franche-Comté) S. sp. (90876)
Late/Upper Pliensbachian189.6 - 183.0Sweden (Scania) S. sp. (90692)
Spinatum189.6 - 183.0Germany (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) S. sp. (206457)
Toarcian182.7 - 174.1France Orthacodus alpinus (146879)
Early/Lower Bajocian171.6 - 168.4France (Grand Est) S. longidens (179498)
Middle Bathonian167.7 - 164.7Poland S. sp. (141267 141269 141297)
Late/Upper Callovian164.7 - 161.2Poland S. sp., S. longidens (117993)
Middle Callovian164.7 - 161.2Poland S. longidens (97035)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian155.7 - 150.8Germany (Baden-Württemberg) S. macer (90447) S. macer, S. nitidus (154138)
Tithonian152.1 - 145.0Tanzania (Lindi) S. sp. (47155)
Early/Lower Valanginian140.2 - 136.4France (Gard) S. nitidus (213631)
Late/Upper Valanginian140.2 - 136.4Austria S. sp. (55585)
Valanginian139.8 - 132.9France S. sp. (214859)
Early/Lower Hauterivian136.4 - 130.0France (Lyon) Sphenodus indet. (133597)
Early/Lower Hauterivian136.4 - 130.0United Kingdom (England) S. sp. (66421)
Late/Upper Hauterivian136.4 - 130.0United Kingdom (England) S. sp. (66419 66420)
Cenomanian - Turonian100.5 - 89.8Japan (Hokkaido) Orthacodus longidens (210760)
Late/Upper Cretaceous100.5 - 66.0Japan (Hokkaido) Orthacodus sp., Orthacodus longidens (161435) S. sp. (161434)
Turonian93.9 - 89.8Japan (Hokkaido) Orthacodus longidens (210761)
Turonian - Coniacian93.9 - 86.3Japan (Hokkaido) Orthacodus longidens (210757)
Turonian - Santonian93.9 - 83.6Japan (Hokkaido) Orthacodus longidens (210744)
Santonian86.3 - 83.6Japan (Hokkaido) Orthacodus longidens (210742 210743) Orthacodus sp. (210758)
Santonian86.3 - 83.6Japan S. sp. (219963)
Early/Lower Santonian85.8 - 83.5Japan S. sp. (219958)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1Japan (Teshio) Orthacodus longidens (39821)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6Japan (Ehime) Orthacodus longidens (161436)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0India (Andhra Pradesh) Orthacodus sp. (58100)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0Antarctica S. sp. (221133)
Danian - Selandian66.0 - 59.2Russian Federation (Volgograd) S. sp. (38076)
Selandian - Thanetian61.6 - 56.0New Zealand S. lundgreni (90578 90579)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Canada (British Columbia) Orthacodus sp. (126111)