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Galeocerdo (tiger shark)
Taxonomy
Galeocerdo was named by Müller and Henle (1837) [Sepkoski's age data: T Eo-l R Sepkoski's reference number: 884]. It is extant. Its type is Galeocerdo tigrinus.
It was assigned to Squalidae by Gibbes (1847) and Leidy (1873); to Galeorhininae by Hay (1902); to Galeorhinidae by Jordan and Gilbert (1919); to Carchariidae by Davis (1888), Woodward (1889), Chapman and Pritchard (1904), Jordan (1907), Chapman (1918) and Chapman and Cudmore (1924); to Carcharidae by Ameghino (1901) and Bohm (1926); to Lamnidae by Leriche (1942); to Eulamiidae by Rapp (1946); to Galeidae by Jordan (1963); to Isuridae by Deraniyagala (1969); to Galeocerdinae by Noubhani and Cappetta (1997); to Carcharhiniformes by Sepkoski (2002); to Carcharinidae by White (1926), Casier (1958) and Vicens and Rodríguez-Perea (2003); to Carcharhinidae by Case (1981), Thurmond and Jones (1981), Bendix-Almgreen (1983), Kumar and Loyal (1987), Purdy et al. (2001), Compagno (2005), Rana et al. (2006), Kocsis (2007), Maisch et al. (2014), Reinecke and Radwanski (2015), Hastings and Dooley (2017), Kent (2018), Cantalice et al. (2019), Landini et al. (2019) and Villafaña et al. (2020); and to Galeocerdidae by Ebersole et al. (2019) and Cicimurri et al. (2022).
It was assigned to Squalidae by Gibbes (1847) and Leidy (1873); to Galeorhininae by Hay (1902); to Galeorhinidae by Jordan and Gilbert (1919); to Carchariidae by Davis (1888), Woodward (1889), Chapman and Pritchard (1904), Jordan (1907), Chapman (1918) and Chapman and Cudmore (1924); to Carcharidae by Ameghino (1901) and Bohm (1926); to Lamnidae by Leriche (1942); to Eulamiidae by Rapp (1946); to Galeidae by Jordan (1963); to Isuridae by Deraniyagala (1969); to Galeocerdinae by Noubhani and Cappetta (1997); to Carcharhiniformes by Sepkoski (2002); to Carcharinidae by White (1926), Casier (1958) and Vicens and Rodríguez-Perea (2003); to Carcharhinidae by Case (1981), Thurmond and Jones (1981), Bendix-Almgreen (1983), Kumar and Loyal (1987), Purdy et al. (2001), Compagno (2005), Rana et al. (2006), Kocsis (2007), Maisch et al. (2014), Reinecke and Radwanski (2015), Hastings and Dooley (2017), Kent (2018), Cantalice et al. (2019), Landini et al. (2019) and Villafaña et al. (2020); and to Galeocerdidae by Ebersole et al. (2019) and Cicimurri et al. (2022).
Species
Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
---|---|
1837 | Galeocerdo Müller and Henle |
1847 | Galeocerdo Gibbes p. 191 |
1873 | Galeocerdo Leidy p. 351 |
1888 | Galeocerdo Davis p. 7 |
1889 | Galeocerdo Woodward p. 443 |
1901 | Galeocerdo Ameghino p. 82 |
1902 | Galeocerdo Hay p. 311 |
1904 | Galeocerdo Chapman and Pritchard p. 273 |
1907 | Galeocerdo Jordan p. 101 |
1918 | Galeocerdo Chapman p. 7 |
1919 | Galeocerdo Jordan and Gilbert p. 21 |
1924 | Galeocerdo Chapman and Cudmore p. 116 |
1926 | Galeocerdo Bohm p. 78 |
1926 | Galeocerdo White p. 26 |
1942 | Galeocerdo Leriche p. 48 |
1946 | Galeocerdo Rapp p. 510 |
1958 | Galeocerdo Casier p. 70 |
1963 | Galeocerdo Jordan p. 599 |
1969 | Galeocerdo Deraniyagala p. 6 |
1981 | Galeocerdo Case p. 63 |
1981 | Galeocerdo Thurmond and Jones p. 62 |
1983 | Galeocerdo Bendix-Almgreen p. 2 |
1987 | Galeocerdo Kumar and Loyal p. 64 |
1997 | Galeocerdo Noubhani and Cappetta p. 85 |
2001 | Galeocerdo Purdy et al. p. 144 |
2002 | Galeocerdo Sepkoski |
2003 | Galeocerdo Vicens and Rodríguez-Perea p. 124 |
2005 | Galeocerdo Compagno |
2006 | Galeocerdo Rana et al. p. 515 |
2007 | Galeocerdo Kocsis p. 38 |
2014 | Galeocerdo Maisch et al. p. 191 |
2015 | Galeocerdo Reinecke and Radwanski p. 12 |
2017 | Galeocerdo Hastings and Dooley p. 83 |
2018 | Galeocerdo Kent p. 107 |
2019 | Galeocerdo Cantalice et al. p. 431 |
2019 | Galeocerdo Ebersole et al. p. 98 |
2019 | Galeocerdo Landini et al. p. 361 |
2020 | Galeocerdo Villafaña et al. |
2022 | Galeocerdo Cicimurri et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Galeocerdo Müller and Henle 1837 [tiger shark]
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†Galeocerdo acanthodon Le Hon 1871
†Galeocerdo aduncus Agassiz 1835
†Galeocerdo alabamensis Leriche 1942
†Galeocerdo clarkensis White 1956
†Galeocerdo cuvier Peron and LeSueur 1822
†Galeocerdo davisi Chapman and Pritchard 1904
†Galeocerdo denticulatus Agassiz 1835
†Galeocerdo eaglesomei White 1926
†Galeocerdo egertoni Agassiz 1843
†Galeocerdo gibberulus Agassiz 1843
†Galeocerdo latidens Agassiz 1835
†Galeocerdo minor Agassiz 1835
†Galeocerdo mixtus Ameghino 1901
†Galeocerdo rosaliensis Applegate 1978
†Galeocerdo semilevis White 1926
†Galeocerdo subcrenatus Emmons 1858
Galeocerdo tigrinus Müller and Henle 1838
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: o = order, subp = subphylum | |||||
References: Carroll 1988, Wagner 2023, Hendy et al. 2009 |
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Thanetian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 59.20000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 56.0 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 56.0 Ma
Collections (253 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
---|---|---|---|
Thanetian | Togo (Maritime) | Galeocerdo latidens (167948) | |
Ypresian | India (Himachal Pradesh) | Galeocerdo latidens (31268) Galeocerdo sp. 1, Galeocerdo sp. 2, Galeocerdo latidens (31267) | |
Ypresian | Saudi Arabia (Ash Sharqiyah) | Galeocerdo latidens (42459) | |
Ypresian - Lutetian | USA (Alabama) | Physogaleus alabamensis (81179 209524) | |
Eocene | Ukraine | Galeocerdo sp. (132391) | |
Eocene | USA (Virginia) | Galeocerdo latidens (127179) | |
Early/Lower Eocene | India | Galeocerdo sp. (210158) | |
Early/Lower Eocene - Middle Eocene | United Kingdom (England) | Galeocerdo latidens (3256 3257) | |
Middle Eocene | Pakistan (Punjab) | Galeocerdo latidens (38498) | |
Middle Eocene | Madagascar | Galeocerdo eaglesomei (93587) | |
Middle Eocene | Australia (South Australia) | Galeocerdo sp. (159894) | |
Middle Eocene | Ukraine (Crimea) | Galeocerdo sp. (140018) | |
Middle Eocene | Uzbekistan | Galeocerdo latidens (62573) | |
Middle Eocene | India (Himachal Pradesh) | Galeocerdo latidens (31026) | |
Middle Eocene - Late/Upper Eocene | USA (California) | Galeocerdo sp. (191000) | |
Lutetian | USA (Texas) | Galeocerdo eaglesomi (209370 209371) | |
Lutetian | Togo | Galeocerdo eaglesomei, Galeocerdo latidens (32991) | |
Lutetian | Nigeria | Galeocerdo latidens (60711) Galeocerdo semilevis (77257 187560) | |
Lutetian | Mexico (Chiapas) | Galeocerdo sp. (45920) | |
Lutetian | USA (Alabama) | Galeocerdo eaglesomei (209521 209523) Galeocerdo eaglesomei, Physogaleus alabamensis (81238) Galeocerdo latidens (13346) Physogaleus alabamensis (209522) |