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Sphyrna (hammerhead shark)
Taxonomy
Sphyrna was named by Rafinesque (1810) [Sepkoski's age data: T Mi-m R Sepkoski's reference number: 1066]. It is extant.
It was assigned to Squalidae by Gibbes (1847); to Sphyrninae by Hay (1902); to Carcharhinidae by White (1926); to Carchariidae by Woodward (1889), Chapman and Pritchard (1904), Chapman and Cudmore (1924) and Leriche (1942); to Carcharhiniformes by Sepkoski (2002); and to Sphyrnidae by Rapp (1946), Casier (1958), Jordan (1963), Case (1981), Yabe and Hirayama (1998), Purdy et al. (2001), Compagno (2005), Rana et al. (2006), Kocsis (2007), Adnet et al. (2007), Cicimurri and Knight (2009), Carillo-Briceño et al. (2014), Reinecke and Radwanski (2015), Carrillo-Briceño et al. (2016), Hastings and Dooley (2017), Kent (2018), Landini et al. (2019), Adnet et al. (2020) and Villafaña et al. (2020).
It was assigned to Squalidae by Gibbes (1847); to Sphyrninae by Hay (1902); to Carcharhinidae by White (1926); to Carchariidae by Woodward (1889), Chapman and Pritchard (1904), Chapman and Cudmore (1924) and Leriche (1942); to Carcharhiniformes by Sepkoski (2002); and to Sphyrnidae by Rapp (1946), Casier (1958), Jordan (1963), Case (1981), Yabe and Hirayama (1998), Purdy et al. (2001), Compagno (2005), Rana et al. (2006), Kocsis (2007), Adnet et al. (2007), Cicimurri and Knight (2009), Carillo-Briceño et al. (2014), Reinecke and Radwanski (2015), Carrillo-Briceño et al. (2016), Hastings and Dooley (2017), Kent (2018), Landini et al. (2019), Adnet et al. (2020) and Villafaña et al. (2020).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1810 | Sphyrna Rafinesque |
| 1847 | Sphyrna Gibbes p. 194 |
| 1889 | Sphyrna Woodward p. 453 |
| 1902 | Sphyrna Hay p. 314 |
| 1904 | Sphyrna Chapman and Pritchard p. 275 |
| 1924 | Sphyrna Chapman and Cudmore p. 122 |
| 1926 | Sphyrna White p. 33 |
| 1942 | Sphyrna Leriche p. 36 |
| 1946 | Sphyrna Rapp p. 510 |
| 1958 | Sphyrna Casier p. 40 |
| 1963 | Sphyrna Jordan p. 601 |
| 1981 | Sphyrna Case p. 66 |
| 1998 | Sphyrna Yabe and Hirayama p. 50 |
| 2001 | Sphyrna Purdy et al. p. 157 |
| 2002 | Sphyrna Sepkoski |
| 2005 | Sphyrna Compagno |
| 2006 | Sphyrna Rana et al. p. 516 |
| 2007 | Sphyrna Adnet et al. p. 314 |
| 2007 | Sphyrna Kocsis p. 38 |
| 2009 | Sphyrna Cicimurri and Knight p. 635 |
| 2014 | Sphyrna Carillo-Briceño et al. p. 84 |
| 2015 | Sphyrna Reinecke and Radwanski p. 13 |
| 2016 | Sphyrna Carrillo-Briceño et al. p. 88 |
| 2017 | Sphyrna Hastings and Dooley p. 83 |
| 2018 | Sphyrna Kent p. 121 |
| 2019 | Sphyrna Landini et al. p. 361 |
| 2020 | Sphyrna Adnet et al. p. 12 |
| 2020 | Sphyrna Villafaña et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Sphyrna Rafinesque 1810 [hammerhead shark]
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†Sphyrna americana Leriche 1942
†Sphyrna denticulata Agassiz 1843
†Sphyrna gibbesii Hay 1902
†Sphyrna gilmorei Leriche 1942
†Sphyrna guinoti Adnet et al. 2020
†Sphyrna itoriensis White 1926
†Sphyrna laevissima Cope 1867
†Sphyrna lata Agassiz 1843
†Sphyrna lewini Griffith and Smith 1834
†Sphyrna magna Cope 1868
†Sphyrna media Springer 1940
†Sphyrna subserrata Münster 1846
†Sphyrna tortilis White 1926
Sphyrna zygaena Linnaeus 1758
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available