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Chamaeleontiformes
Taxonomy
Chamaeleontiformes was named by Conrad (2008).
It was assigned to Iguanomorpha by DeMar et al. (2017).
It was assigned to Iguanomorpha by DeMar et al. (2017).
Subtaxa
Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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2008 | Chamaeleontiformes Conrad |
2017 | Chamaeleontiformes DeMar Jr et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Unr. †Chamaeleontiformes Conrad 2008
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Unr. †Acrodonta Cope 1864
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Fm. Agamidae Gray 1827
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G. Acanthosura Hardwicke and Gray 1827 [Armored pricklenape]
G. Amphibolurus Wagler 1830
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Amphibolurus barbatus Cuvier 1829
Amphibolurus muricatus White 1790 [Jacky lizard]
G. Aphaniotis Peter 1864
G. Brachysaura Hardwicke and Gray 1827
G. Bronchocela Kuhl 1829
G. Caimanops Lucas and Frost 1902
G. Calotes Linneaus 1758
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Calotes emma Gray 1845 [Thailand bloodsucker]
Calotes versicolor Daudin 1802 [Variable agama]
G. Ceratophora Gray 1834
G. Chelosania Gray 1845
G. Chlamydosaurus Gray 1825
G. Clamydosaurus Gray 1825
G. Cophotis Peters 1861
G. Coryphophylax Blyth 1860
G. Cryptagama Meyer 1874
G. Ctenophorus Gray 1831
G. Dendragama Doria 1888
G. Diporiphora Gray 1845
G. Draco Linnaeus 1758
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Draco affinis Bartlett 1894 [Bartlett's flying dragon]
Draco biaro Lazell 1987 [Lazell's flying dragon]
Draco blanfordii Boulenger 1885 [Blanford's flying dragon]
Draco dussumieri Dumeril and Bibron 1837 [Indian flying dragon]
Draco fimbriatus Kuhl 1820 [Fringed flying dragon]
Draco formosus Boulenger 1900 [Formosa flying dragon]
Draco haematopogon Gray 1831 [Red-barbed flying dragon]
Draco jarechii Lazell 1992 [Jarechi's flying dragon]
Draco lineatus Daudin 1802 [Lined flying dragon]
Draco maculatus Gray 1845 [Spotted flying dragon]
Draco maximus Boulenger 1893 [Great flying dragon]
Draco melanopogon Boulenger 1887 [Black-barbed flying dragon]
Draco norvillii Alcock 1859 [Alcock's flying dragon]
Draco obscurus Boulenger 1887 [Veiled flying dragon]
Draco punctatus Boulenger 1900 [Dotted flying dragon]
Draco quinquefasciatus Hardwicke and Gray 1827 [Five-lined flying dragon]
Draco spilopterus Wiegmann 1834 [Philippine flying dragon]
Draco taeniopterus Gunther 1861 [Thai flying dragon]
Draco volans Linneaus 1758 [Common flying dragon]
G. Gonocephalus Laurenti 1768
G. Harpesaurus Dumeril 1851
G. Hydrosaurus Kaup 1828
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Hydrosaurus amboinensis Schlosser 1788 [Sailfin lizard]
Hydrosaurus pustulatus Escholtz 1829 [Philippine sailfin lizard]
Hydrosaurus weberi Barbour 1911 [Weber's sailfin lizard]
G. Hylagama Mertens 1924
G. Hypsilurus Dumeril and Bibron 1837
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Hypsilurus dilophus Dumeril and Bibron 1837 [Indonesian forest dragon]
Hypsilurus papuensis Macleay 1877 [Papua forest dragon]
G. Japalura Gray 1853
G. Leiolepis Gray 1827
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Leiolepis belliana Gray 1827 [Butterfly lizard]
Leiolepis reevesii Gray 1831 [Reeves' butterfly lizard]
G. Lophocalotes Bleeker 1860
G. Lophognathus Gray 1842
G. Mictopholis Annandale 1908
G. Moloch Gray 1841
G. Oriocalotes Smith 1935
G. Otocryptis Wagler 1830
G. Phoxophrys Peters 1864
G. Phrynocephalus Pallas 1776
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Phrynocephalus luteoguttatus Boulenger 1887 [Yellow-speckled toadhead agama]
Phrynocephalus maculatus Anderson 1872 [Blacktail toadhead agama]
Phrynocephalus mystaceus Pallas 1776 [Secret toadhead agama]
G. Physignathus Cuvier 1829
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Physignathus cocincinus Cuvier 1829 [Water dragon]
Physignathus lesueurii Gray 1831 [Eastern water dragon]
G. Pogona Storr 1982 [bearded dragon]
G. Psammophilus Gray 1831
G. Pseudocalotes Gray 1831
G. Pseudotrapelus Heyden 1827
G. Ptyctolaemus Peters 1864 [Throated agamas]
G. Salea Gray 1845 [Asia minor agamas]
G. Sitana Cuvier 1829 [Sita lizards]
G. Stellio Laurenti 1768
G. †Tinosaurus Marsh 1872
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†Tinosaurus asiaticus Gilmore 1943
†Tinosaurus doumuensis Hou 1974
†Tinosaurus europeocaenus Auge and Smith 1997
†Tinosaurus indicus Prasad and Bajpai 2008
†Tinosaurus lushihensis Dong 1965
†Tinosaurus yuanquensis Li 1991
G. †Zephyrosauridion Gao and Dashzeveg 2000
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†Zephyrosauridion hypsochorosus Gao and Dashzeveg 2000
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Invalid names: Zephyrosaurus hypsochorosus Gao and Dashzeveg 1999 [replaced]
Invalid names: Zephyrosaurus Gao and Dashzeveg 1999 [replaced]
Invalid names: Uromastycinae Theobold 1868 [empty]
Fm. Chamaeleonidae Gray 1825 [chameleon]
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G. Chamaeleo Laurenti 1768
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†Chamaeleo andrusovi Čerňanský 2010
†Chamaeleo bavaricus Schleich 1983
Chamaeleo chameleon Linneaus 1758 [Common chameleon]
Chamaeleo dilepis Leach 1819 [Flapneck chameleon]
Chamaeleo monachus Gray 1865 [Socotran chameleon]
Invalid names: Chamaeleo caroliquarti Moody and Roček 1980 [nomen dubium], Chamaeleo pfeili Schleich 1984 [nomen dubium]
G. Rhampholeon Gunther 1874 [Stumptail chameleons]
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Rhampholeon spectrum Buchholz 1874 [Cameroon stumptail chameleon]
Infraor. Pachyglossa Cope 1864
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Superfm. †Uromastycoidea Theobold 1868
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Fm. †Changjiangosauridae Hou 1976
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G. †Acrodontopsis Alifanov 2009
G. †Agamimus Alifanov 2009
G. †Creberidentat Li 1991
G. †Graminisaurus Alifanov 2009
G. †Khaichinsaurus Alifanov 2009
G. †Lavatisaurus Alifanov 2009
G. †Lentisaurus Alifanov 2009
G. †Tinosaurus Marsh 1872
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†Tinosaurus lepidus Marsh 1872
Tinosaurus pristinus Leidy 1872
†Tinosaurus stenodon Marsh 1872
G. Uromastyx Merrem 1820 [spiny-tailed lizard]
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Uromastyx acanthinurus Bell 1825 [Dabba mastigure]
Uromastyx aegypticus Forskal 1775 [Egyptian mastigure]
Uromastyx asmussi Strauch 1863 [Iranian mastigure]
Uromastyx benti Anderson 1894 [Bent's mastigure]
Uromastyx dispar Heyden 1827 [Sudan mastigure]
†Uromastyx europaeus Moody 1980
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Invalid names: Palaeochamaeleo europaeus De Stefano 1903 [synonym]
Uromastyx geyri Muller 1922 [Sahara mastigure]
Uromastyx hardwickii Gray 1827 [Indian mastigure]
Uromastyx loricatus Blanford 1874 [Mesopotamian mastigure]
Uromastyx macfadyeni Parker 1932 [Somali mastigure]
Uromastyx ocellatus Lichtenstein 1823 [Ocellated mastigure]
Uromastyx ornatus Heyden 1827 [Ornate mastigure]
Uromastyx princeps O'Shaughnessy 1880 [Princely mastigure]
Uromastyx scorteccii Cherchi 1954 [Scortecci's mastigure]
Uromastyx thomasi Parker 1930 [Thomas' mastigure]
Invalid names: Jeddaherdan Apesteguía et al. 2016 [synonym], Jeddaherdan aleadonta Apesteguía et al. 2016 [nomen dubium], Palaeochamaeleo De Stefano 1903 [synonym]
Invalid names: Agama sinensis Hou 1974 [nomen dubium], Tikiguania Datta and Ray 2006 [nomen dubium], Tikiguania estesi Datta and Ray 2006 [nomen dubium]
Fm. †Priscagamidae Borsuk-Bialynicka and Moody 1984
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G. †Mimeosaurus Gilmore 1943
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†Mimeosaurus crassus Gilmore 1943
†Mimeosaurus tugrikinensis Alifanov 1989
G. †Priscagama Borsuk-Bialynicka and Moody 1984
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†Priscagama gobiensis Borsuk-Bialynicka and Moody 1984
Tr. †Priscagamini Borsuk-Bialynicka and Moody 1984
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Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: c = class, subp = subphylum, uc = unranked clade | |||||
References: Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009 |
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Toarcian to the top of the Holocene or 182.70000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 170.3 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 170.3 Ma
Collections (151 total)
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
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Toarcian - Aalenian | India (Andhra Pradesh) | Bharatagama rebbanensis (39673) | |
Late/Upper Barremian - Early/Lower Aptian | China (Liaoning) | Xianglong zhaoi (115407) | |
Aptian - Campanian | Brazil (Paraná) | Gueragama sulamericana (160057) | |
Late/Upper Aptian - Early/Lower Albian | Mongolia (Övörkhangai Aymag) | Priscagamidae indet. (77191) | |
Early/Lower Cenomanian | Myanmar (Kachin) | Agamidae indet. (123113 178999) | |
Early/Lower Cenomanian | Myanmar | Protodraco monocoli (154698) | |
Campanian | Mongolia (Omnogov) | Phrynosomimus asper (68520) | |
Late/Upper Campanian | Mongolia (Omnogov) | Mimeosaurus crassus (37016 46152) Mimeosaurus tugrikinensis, Flaviagama dzerzhinskii (118259) | |
Late/Upper Campanian | Mongolia (Omnogov Aimak) | Mimeosaurus crassus, Ctenomastax parva (68517) Mimeosaurus crassus, Priscagama gobiensis, Phrynosomimus asper (37184) | |
Middle Campanian | China (Nei Mongol) | Agamidae indet., Priscagama gobiensis (116292) Mimeosaurus crassus (118300 118302) Mimeosaurus crassus, Priscagama gobiensis (118301) | |
Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian | Mongolia (Omnogov) | Ctenomastax parva, Priscagama gobiensis (62913) Phrynosomimus asper (68518) Phrynosomimus asper, Chamaeleognathus iordanskyi, Morunasius modestus (11582) Priscagama gobiensis, Cretagama bialynickae (13777) Priscagama sp. (13776) | |
Late/Upper Maastrichtian | India (Andhra Pradesh) | Agama sp. (122240) | |
Early/Lower Paleocene | China (Anhui) | Qianshanosaurus huangpuensis (133371 146556) | |
Middle Paleocene | China (Anhui) | Agama sinensis (132942) Tinosaurus doumuensis (132699) | |
Ypresian | India (Gujarat) | Tinosaurus indicus (180565) Vastanagama susani, Heterodontagama borsukae, Suratagama neeraae, Indiagama gujarata, Agamidae indet. (55494) | |
Ypresian | Spain (Lleida) | Agamidae indet. (142031) | |
Ypresian | Belgium (Brabant) | Tinosaurus europeocaenus (35531) | |
Ypresian | France (Île-de-France) | Tinosaurus europeocaenus (68437) | |
Ypresian | Kyrgyzstan (Osh) | Agamidae indet., Uromastycinae indet. (28490) | |
Ypresian | France (Marne) | Tinosaurus sp. (35533) Tinosaurus sp., Tinosaurus europeocaenus (35535) | |
Ypresian | France (Champagne-Ardenne) | Tinosaurus europeocaenus (28546) | |
Ypresian - Lutetian | Algeria (Bechar region) | Agamidae indet. (77014) | |
Lysitean - Lostcabinian | USA (Wyoming) | Tinosaurus sp. (15451) | |
Wasatchian | USA (Wyoming) | Tinosaurus sp. (181313) | |
Early/Lower Eocene | Portugal (Região Centro) | Tinosaurus sp. (79200) | |
MP 10 | France (Picardie) | Tinosaurus indet. (68440) | |
MP 8 + 9 | France (Picardie) | Tinosaurus sp. (84997) | |
Bridgerian | USA (Wyoming) | Tinosaurus pristinus (179965) Tinosaurus sp. (15837 16296) Tinosaurus stenodon (16235) | |
Bridgerian | USA (Utah) | Tinosaurus stenodon (16396) | |
Lutetian | France (Gard) | Tinosaurus sp. (59129) | |
Lutetian | Pakistan (North-West Frontier) | Tinosaurus sp. (28978) | |
Lutetian | China (Jilin) | Acrodonta HD-1, Acrodonta HD-2 (71665) | |
Middle Eocene | China (Henan) | Tinosaurus lushihensis (46193) | |
Middle Eocene | USA (Wyoming) | Tinosaurus lepidus (81455) | |
Middle Eocene | Mongolia (Ovorhangai) | Khaichinsaurus reshetovi, Lentisaurus giganteus, Graminisaurus interruptus, Agamimus gracilis, Lavatisaurus elegans, Acrodontopsis robustus (93596) | |
Middle Eocene | Mongolia | Talosaurus tribolosus, Mergenagama paurosa, Zephyrosaurus hypsochorosus (174908) Tinosaurus asiaticus (127656) | |
Early/Lower Uintan | USA (California) | Tinosaurus stenodon (16673 16674 16677 16697 16705 16706 16707 16710) | |
Uintan - Duchesnean | USA (California) | Tinosaurus stenodon (16533) | |
Bartonian | Myanmar | Barbaturex morrisoni (41456 41463 78057) | |
Bartonian | Myanmar (Magway) | Barbaturex morrisoni (91585) | |
Chadronian | USA (North Dakota) | Tinosaurus sp. (16991) | |
Late/Upper Eocene | China (Shanxi) | Tinosaurus yuanquensis (179811) | |
Late/Upper Eocene - Early/Lower Oligocene | China (Henan) | Brevidensilacerta xichuanensis, Creberidentat henanensis, Tinosaurus lushihensis (46197) | |
Late/Upper Eocene - Early/Lower Miocene | France (Languedoc-Roussillon-Midi-Pyrénées) | Uromastyx europaeus, Quercygama galliae (179194) | |
Early/Lower Oligocene | Mongolia (Övörkhangai) | Acrodonta indet. (135793 201191) Tinosaurus sp. (135790 135804 201176) | |
MP 22 | France (Quercy) | Uromastyx europaeus (179140 179142) | |
MP 22 | France (Midi-Pyrenées) | Uromastyx europaeus (167513 167534 167537) | |
MP 23 | France (Quercy) | Quercygama galliae (179147) | |
Rupelian | Egypt (Fayum) | Uromastyx sp. (12968) | |
MP 25 | France | Agamidae indet. (60214) | |
Chattian | France | Agama sp., Agama galliae (60281) | |
Aquitanian - Burdigalian | Australia (Queensland) | Physignathus sp. (183096) | |
Burdigalian | Germany (Baden-Württemberg) | Chamaeleonidae indet. 1, Chamaeleo caroliquarti, Chamaeleo pfeili (69098) | |
Burdigalian | Serbia and Montenegro (Serbia) | Chamaeleonidae indet. (199780 199781 199782) | |
Burdigalian | Turkey (Aydin) | Chamaeleonidae indet. 2 (230515) | |
Burdigalian | Kenya | Agamidae indet. (27858) Calumma benovskyi (113557) | |
Burdigalian | Greece | Chamaeleonidae indet., Chamaeleo andrusovi (68032) | |
MN 3 | Turkey (Manisa) | Chamaeleonidae indet. 1 (69303) | |
MN 3 | Germany (Bavaria) | Chamaeleo caroliquarti (68040) | |
Orleanian | Germany (Hesse) | Chamaeleonidae indet., Chamaeleo andrusovi (228327) | |
Orleanian | Czech Republic (Ústí nad Labem) | Chamaeleo caroliquarti (48173) | |
MN 4 | Germany (Bavaria) | Chamaeleonidae indet. 2 (28629) | |
MN 4 | Czech Republic (Karlovy Vary) | Chamaeleo caroliquarti, Chamaeleo andrusovi (138666) | |
MN 4 | Austria (Styria) | Chamaeleonidae indet. (74538) | |
Langhian | Germany (Bayern) | Chamaeleo sp. (45612 45613) | |
Langhian | Germany (Baden-Wurttemberg) | Chamaeleonidae indet. 3 (199608) | |
Langhian | Germany (Bavaria) | Chamaeleo bavaricus, Chamaeleo caroliquarti (34615) Chamaeleo caroliquarti (135038) | |
MN 5 | Germany | Chameleontidae indet., Chamaeleonidae tooth morphotype 1, Chamaeleonidae tooth morphotype 2, Chamaeleo andrusovi (46955) | |
MN 5 | Turkey (Bursa) | Chamaeleonidae indet. 3 (68547) | |
MN 5 | Germany (Bavaria) | Chamaeleo sp. (205187) | |
Langhian - Serravallian | India (Gujarat) | Uromastyx sp. (203629) | |
MN 5 - MN 7 + 8 | France (Rhône-Alpes) | Acrodonta indet. (110928) | |
Middle Miocene - Tortonian | Pakistan (Minanwali) | Agamidae indet. (13489) | |
Serravallian | Kenya (Central Nyanza) | Chameleontidae indet. (21340) | |
Tortonian | India (Kutch) | Agamidae indet. (214399) | |
Vallesian | Ukraine (Khmel'nitsk'yi) | Agamidae sp., Agamidae indet. (48446) | |
Late/Upper Miocene | Italy (Cuneo) | Agamidae indet. (175903) | |
Turolian | Greece (Central Macedonia) | Agaminae indet. (32189) | |
Messinian | Italy (Ravenna) | Agaminae indet. (144566) | |
Messinian | Italy (Piedmont) | Agamidae indet. (172910 172912 172914 172915 199860) | |
Zanclean | South Africa | Chameleontidae indet. (22221 22222) | |
Zanclean | Australia (Queensland) | Agamidae indet. (182159) | |
Pliocene | France (Languedoc-Roussillon Region) | Agama sp. (36014) | |
Pliocene - Pleistocene | Italy (Sardinia) | Agama sp. (51475 51478) | |
Late/Upper Pliocene | France | Agama sp. (34397 49096) | |
MN 16 | Spain (Catalonia) | Agamidae indet. (167736) | |
Villanyian | Spain (Castellon) | Agamidae indet. (34929) | |
Pleistocene | Australia (South Australia) | Agamidae indet. (136430) Pogona barbata (136076) Pogona sp. (28298) | |
Calabrian | Spain (Murcia) | Agamidae indet. (34128) | |
Middle Pleistocene | Israel | Chamaeleo chamaeleon (192424 192425) | |
Middle Pleistocene | Australia (South Australia) | Amphibolurus barbatus (28364) | |
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene | Australia (South Australia) | Agamidae indet. (136075) | |
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene | Italy (Sardinia) | Agama sp. (51483) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | Australia (South Australia) | Amphibolurus spp. (181314) Rankinia diemensis, Tympanocryptis lineata (136072) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | Israel | Agama stellio (225667) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | Philippines | Bronchocela cristatellus (194835) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | Australia (South Australia) | Agamidae indet. (136172) | |
Holocene | Morocco (Drâa-Tafilalet) | Jeddaherdan aleadonta (227921) | |
Holocene | Yemen | Chamaeleo monachus (169046 234349) |