Basic info Taxonomic history Classification Included Taxa
Morphology Ecology and taphonomy External Literature Search Age range and collections

Merycoidodon bullatus

Mammalia - Merycoidodontidae

Taxonomy
Oreodon bullatus was named by Leidy (1869). Its type specimen is ANSP 10681, a partial skull, and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was recombined as Eporeodon bullatus by Marsh (1875), Thorpe (1921), Sinclair (1924), Thorpe (1924), Thorpe (1937) and Scott (1940); it was synonymized subjectively with Eucrotaphus jacksoni by Cope (1884) and Lander (1998); it was recombined as Otionohyus (Otarohyus) bullatus by Schultz and Falkenbach (1968); it was recombined as Merycoidodon (Otarohyus) bullatus by Stevens and Stevens (1996); it was recombined as Merycoidodon bullatus by Hay (1902), Ostrander (1985) and Stevens and Stevens (2007).

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1869Oreodon bullatus Leidy
1873Oreodon bullatus Leidy p. 212
1875Eporeodon bullatus Marsh p. 250
1884Eporeodon socialis Marsh
1901Eporeodon major cedrensis Matthew p. 396
1902Eucrotaphus helenae Douglass p. 265
1902Merycoidodon bullatus Hay p. 665
1902Eporeodon socialis Hay p. 667
1907Eucrotaphus dickinsonensis Douglass p. 99 figs. Pl. 22
1921Eporeodon bullatus Thorpe p. 104
1924Eporeodon bullatus Sinclair
1924Eporeodon bullatus Thorpe
1924Eporeodon dickinsonensis Thorpe
1924Eporeodon helenae Thorpe
1930Eporeodon cedrensis Hay
1937Eporeodon bullatus Thorpe p. 65 figs. Figs. 7, 28-30
1937Eporeodon dickinsonensis Thorpe p. 68 figs. Figs. 4, 34; PL IV, figs. 1-3
1937Eporeodon helenae Thorpe p. 69 figs. PI. IV, figs. 4-8
1937Eporeodon major cedrensis Thorpe p. 75 figs. PI. V, figs. 4-6
1937Eporeodon socialis Thorpe p. 86 figs. Figs. 46-64, 186} PI. XLII; PI. L, figs. 1-2
1940Eporeodon bullatus Scott p. 678
1940Eporeodon socialis Scott p. 683
1940Eporeodon helenae Scott p. 685
1954Subdesmatochoerus socialis Schultz and Falkenbach p. 221 figs. 18 - 21
1968Merycoidodon (Anomerycoidodon) dani Schultz and Falkenbach p. 75 figs. 4-6, 20-23, 51
1968Merycoidodon (Blickohyus) galushai Schultz and Falkenbach p. 80 figs. 4-6, 52
1968Paramerycoidodon (Barbourochoerus) bacai Schultz and Falkenbach p. 91 figs. 7-9, 52
1968Otionohyus (Otarohyus) bullatus Schultz and Falkenbach p. 118 figs. 11-13, 19-23, 52
1968Otionohyus (Otarohyus) cedrensis Schultz and Falkenbach p. 127 figs. igures 11-13, 20, 23
1968Otionohyus (Otarohyus) hybridus helenae Schultz and Falkenbach p. 131
1968Genetochoerus (Osbornohyus) norbeckensis Schultz and Falkenbach p. 143 figs. 14-16, 21-23, 52
1968Genetochoerus (Osbornohyus) geygani Schultz and Falkenbach p. 149 figs. 14-16, 19-23
1968Genetochoerus (Osbornohyus) dickinsonensis Schultz and Falkenbach p. 154 figs. Figures 14-16, 19, 20, 22, 52
1985Merycoidodon bullatus Ostrander
1996Merycoidodon (Otarohyus) bullatus Stevens and Stevens p. 523 figs. Figures 2C, 3C; Tables 1-7; Appendix B
1998Eucrotaphus galushai Lander
2007Merycoidodon bullatus Stevens and Stevens p. 160

Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data

RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Life
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
Reptiliomorpha
Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
Cotylosauria()
Amniota
subclassSynapsida
Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
Mammaliamorpha
RankNameAuthor
Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
Theriiformes()
Trechnotheria
Cladotheria
Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
Eutheria()
Placentalia
Boreoeutheria
Laurasiatheria
Scrotifera
Euungulata
Artiodactylamorpha
Artiodactyla()
familyMerycoidodontidae
subfamilyMerycoidodontinae
genusMerycoidodon
speciesbullatus()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Merycoidodon bullatus Leidy 1869
show all | hide all
Invalid names: Eporeodon cedrensis Matthew 1901 [synonym], Eporeodon major cedrensis Matthew 1901 [synonym], Eporeodon socialis Marsh 1884 [synonym], Eucrotaphus dickinsonensis Douglass 1907 [synonym], Eucrotaphus helenae Douglass 1902 [synonym], Genetochoerus (Osbornohyus) geygani Schultz and Falkenbach 1968 [synonym], Genetochoerus (Osbornohyus) norbeckensis Schultz and Falkenbach 1968 [synonym], Merycoidodon (Anomerycoidodon) dani Schultz and Falkenbach 1968 [synonym], Merycoidodon (Blickohyus) galushai Schultz and Falkenbach 1968 [synonym], Paramerycoidodon (Barbourochoerus) bacai Schultz and Falkenbach 1968 [synonym]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
C. B. Schultz and C. H. Falkenbach 1954 (Subdesmatochoerus socialis)SKULL: Slightly larger than in holotype of S socialis dakotensis and average examples of Prodesmatochoerus meekae, smaller than in holotype of S. montanus and examples of S. shannonensis; exocc1pital with elongated vacuities smaller than in S. montanus and S. shannonensis; orbit smaller than. in S. shannonensis · paroccipital process wide at base, adhering' to the bulla; bulla well inflated, pit for hyoid attachment more prominent than in S. shannonensis (paroccipital process placed posterior to bulla, differing from S. montanus in which it is more laterally placed).
MANDIBLE: Postsymphysis below anterior portion of P 8 ; ramus of less depth than in the holotype of S. montanus; infenor border of ramus with gradual downward curve; ascending ramus moderately high.
DENTITION: Series slightly larger than in examples of P. meekae; approximately equal to those of S. shannonensis.
LIMBS:More robust and longer than examples of P. meekae.
M. S. Stevens and J. B. Stevens 1996The cranial characterization of the species is the same as for the genus-subgenus. Auditory bullae vary from slightly inflated with a moderate hyoidal groove to well inflated with a shallow groove. The Subnasal L. averages 46.5% of the Nasal L. (7 specimens; Appendix B), pl_P4;p1-M 3 averages 49.4% (Table 3), APM3/TM3 ratio averages 1.00 (Table5),APM3/Ht.M3ratioaverages 1.67(Table4), and TM3/Ht. M3 averages 1.66 (Table 6). Merycoi- dodon bullatus differs from Merycoidodon (Merycoido- don) culbertsoni by variously inflated auditory bullae and slightly but significantly broader P.O.C. and higher crowned M3, otherwise similar . Merycoidodon bullatus differs from M. (Otarohyus) major by significantly (except Nasal L.) smaller size, larger and deeper preorbital fossae, less expanded frontals, and smaller auditory bullae with deeper hyoidal grooves.