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Spirulida

Cephalopoda - Spirulida

Taxonomy
Spirulida was named by Stolley (1919). It is extant.

It was assigned to Decabrachia by Doyle et al. (1994) and Fuchs et al. (2013).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1919Spirulida Stolley
1994Spirulida Doyle et al. p. 6
2013Spirulida Fuchs et al. p. 1086

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Protostomia
Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
RankNameAuthor
phylumMollusca
classCephalopodaCuvier 1797
subclassColeoideaBather 1888
superorderDecabrachiaBoettger 1952
orderSpirulidaStolley 1919
orderSpirulidaStolley 1919

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Or. Spirulida Stolley 1919
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Fm. †Belemnoseidae Wiltshire 1869
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G. †Belemnosella Naef 1922
G. †Belemnosis Edwards 1849
G. †Spirulirostrella Naef 1921
Fm. †Belopteridae Naef 1922
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G. †Belocurta Avnimelech 1956
G. †Beloptera de Blainville 1827
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Beloptera broilii Traub 1938
G. †Belopteridium Naef 1921
G. †Belopterina Munier-Chalmas 1872
Subfm. Belopterinae Naef 1922
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G. †Belopterella Naef 1922
Fm. †Groenlandibelidae Jeletzky 1966
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G. †Cyrtobelus Fuchs et al. 2012
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Cyrtobelus birkelundae Fuchs et al. 2012
Cyrtobelus hornbyense Fuchs et al. 2012
G. †Groenlandibelus Jeletzky 1966
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Groenlandibelus rosenkrantzi Birkelund 1956
G. †Naefia Wetzel 1930
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Naefia neogaeia Wetzel 1930
Fm. Spirulidae Orbigny 1826
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G. Spirula Lamarck 1799 [ram's horn shell]
Fm. †Spirulirostridae Naef 1921
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G. †Spirulirostra d'Orbigny 1842
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Spirulirostra curta Tate 1894
Spirulirostra georgii Fornasiero and Vicariottio 1997
G. †Spirulirostridium Naef 1922
Invalid names: Belemnosinae Wiltshire 1869 [empty], Spirulirostrinae Naef 1921 [empty]
Fm. †Spirulirostrinidae Naef 1921
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G. †Spirulirostrina Canavari 1892
Fm. †Vasseuriidae Naef 1921
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G. †Styracoteuthis Crick 1905
G. †Vasseuria Munier-Chalmas 1880
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitec
Environment: marinec
Locomotion: fast-movingc
Life habit: nektonicc
Diet: carnivorec
Vision: well-developedc
Created: 2004-02-28 11:51:48
Modified: 2023-08-18 17:28:37
Source: c = class
Reference: Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Aptian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 122.46000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 112.03 Ma

Collections (17 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Aptian122.46 - 112.03Russian Federation Naefia sp. (65755)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6Canada (British Columbia) Cyrtobelus hornbyense (212908)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0Greenland Belemnoteuthis rosenkrantzi, Belemnoteuthis sp. (70218) Belemnoteuthis sp. (70223)
Danian66.0 - 61.6Netherlands Beloptera sp. (123971)
Paleocene66.0 - 56.0Austria (Salzburg) Beloptera broilii (84335)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Italy Spirulirostra georgii (81056 81057 81059 146999)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3United Kingdom (England) Beloptera belemnoidea, Vasseuria occidentalis (8124)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Alabama) Belemnosella floweri (90600)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Mississippi) Belemnosella americana (90709)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Germany (North Rhein-Westfalia) Spirulirostra hoernesi (61895 61903)
Middle Pleistocene0.781 - 0.126Morocco Spirula spirula (127581)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.126 - 0.0117Australia (Western Australia) Spirula spirula (63208)