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Lepospondyli

Amphibia

Taxonomy
Lepospondyli was named by von Zittel (1887) [Whether the taxon is extinct or not depends on exclusion (temnospondyl hypothesis) or inclusion (lepospondyl hypothesis, diphyly hypothesis) of extant amphibian groups.]. It was considered paraphyletic by Laurin et al. (2000).

It was reranked as the order Lepospondyli by Gadow (1898) and Kuhn (1946); it was synonymized subjectively with Microsauria by Hay (1902); it was synonymized subjectively with Microsauria by Jaekel (1911); it was reranked as the subclass Lepospondyli by Daly (1973) and Carroll (1988); it was reranked as the subclass Lepospondylia by Haubold (1974); it was misspelled as Lepospondylia by Moodie (1916) and Swinton (1934); it was reranked as the unranked clade Lepospondyli by Gardiner (1982), Laurin et al. (2000) and Huttenlocker et al. (2013).

It was assigned to Stegocephali by Gadow (1898); to Stegocephali by von Zittel (1887) and Swinton (1934); to Stegocephalia by Kuhn (1946); to Amphibia by Moodie (1916), Daly (1973), Haubold (1974) and Carroll (1988); to Amphibia by Gardiner (1982) and Laurin et al. (2000); and to Tetrapoda by Huttenlocker et al. (2013).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1887Lepospondyli von Zittel pp. 369, 370
1898Lepospondyli Gadow p. 12
1916Lepospondylia Moodie p. 47
1934Lepospondyli Swinton p. 81
1946Lepospondyli Kuhn p. 53
1973Lepospondyli Daly p. 570
1974Lepospondylia Haubold p. 24
1982Lepospondyli Gardiner
1988Lepospondyli Carroll
2000Lepospondyli Laurin et al. p. 120 fig. 2b
2013Lepospondyli Huttenlocker et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Life
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
RankNameAuthor
Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
classAmphibia
Lepospondyli()
Lepospondyli()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. †Lepospondyli von Zittel 1887
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Fm. †Acherontiscidae Carroll 1967
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G. †Acherontiscus Carroll 1969
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Acherontiscus caledoniae Carroll 1969
Unr. †Microsauria Dawson 1863
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G. †Altenglanerpeton Glienke 2012
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G. †Amblyodon Dawson 1882
G. †Archerpeton Carroll 1964
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Invalid names: Archerpeton anthracos Carroll 1964 [nomen dubium]
G. †Barillopus Matthew 1903
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Barillopus arctus Matthew 1904
Barillopus confusus Matthew 1904
Barillopus unguifer Matthew 1903
G. †Cymatorhiza Olson and Barghusen 1962
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Cymatorhiza kittsi Olson and Barghusen 1962
G. †Dromillopus Matthew 1904
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Dromillopus celer Matthew 1903
Dromillopus obtusus Matthew 1904
Dromillopus quadrifidus Matthew 1904
G. †Eurythorax Cope 1871
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Eurythorax sublaevis Cope 1871
Fm. †Hylonomidae Fritsch 1883
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G. †Smilerpeton Dawson 1882
G. †Hyphasma Cope 1875
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Hyphasma laevis Cope 1875
Fm. †Microbrachidae Fritsch 1883
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G. †Microbrachis Fric 1876
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Microbrachis mollis Fritsch 1883
Microbrachis pelikani Fritsch 1875
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Invalid names: Microbrachis branchiophorus Fritsch 1883 [synonym]
Subor. †Microbrachomorpha Carroll and Gaskill 1978
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Fm. †Hyloplesiontidae Carroll and Gaskill 1978
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G. †Hyloplesion Fritsch 1883
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Hyloplesion longicostatum Fritsch 1875
Fm. †Odonterpetontidae Carroll and Gaskill 1978
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G. †Odonterpeton Moodie 1909
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Odonterpeton triangulare Moodie 1909
G. †Novascoticus Carroll 1966
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Novascoticus multidens Dawson 1882
G. †Ornithoides Matthew 1903
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Ornithoides adamsi Matthew 1904
Ornithoides trifidus Dawson 1895
G. †Paramicrobrachis Kuhn 1959
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G. †Pariostegus Cope 1868
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Pariostegus myops Cope 1868
Fm. †Ptyoniidae Cope 1875
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G. †Lepterpeton Wright and Huxley 1866
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Lepterpeton dobbsii Wright and Huxley 1866
G. †Puertollanopus Soler-Gijón and Moratalla 2001
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Puertollanopus omicrodactylus Soler-Gijón and Moratalla 2001
G. †Saxonerpeton Carroll and Gaskill 1978
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Saxonerpeton geinitzi Credner 1890
G. †Stenichnus Gilmore 1927
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Stenichnus yakiensis Gilmore 1927
G. †Thyrsidium Cope 1875
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Subor. †Tuditanomorpha Carroll and Gaskill 1978
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Fm. †Goniorhynchidae Carroll and Gaskill 1978
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G. †Rhynchonkos Schulze and Foreman 1981
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Rhynchonkos stovalli Olson 1970
Fm. †Hapsidopareiidae Marjanović and Laurin 2019
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Invalid names: Hapsidopareiontidae Daly 1973 [replaced]
Fm. †Trihecatontidae Vaughn 1972
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G. †Trihecaton Vaughn 1972
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Trihecaton howardinus Vaughn 1972
Fm. †Tuditanidae Cope 1875
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G. †Boii Carroll 1966
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Boii crassidens Fritsch 1876
G. †Crinodon Carroll and Gaskill 1978
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Crinodon limnophyes Steen 1938
G. †Tuditanus Cope 1871
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Tuditanus punctulatus Cope 1875
G. †Utaherpeton Carroll et al. 1991
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Utaherpeton franklini Carroll et al. 1991
Invalid names: Haplosauri Jaekel 1911 [empty], Protritonidae Nicholson and Lydekker 1889 [empty], Sauropleuridae Hay 1902 [empty], Urosauri Jaekel 1911 [empty]
Unr. †Nectridea Miall 1875
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G. †Arizonerpeton Thayer 1985
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Arizonerpeton wellsi Thayer 1985
Fm. †Diplocaulidae Cope 1881
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G. †Batrachiderpeton Hancock and Atthey 1871
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Batrachiderpeton lineatum Hancock and Atthey 1869
Batrachiderpeton reticulatum Hancock and Atthey 1869
G. †Diceratosaurus Jaekel 1903
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Diploceraspis burkei Romer 1952
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Invalid names: Diploceraspis conemaughensis Romer 1952 [synonym]
G. †Hermundurichnus Walter and Werneburg 1988
G. †Keraterpeton Wright and Huxley 1866
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Keraterpeton galvani Huxley 1867
Keraterpeton gigas Fritsch 1889
Keraterpeton longtoni Carroll et al. 1998
Invalid names: Keraterpetontidae Jaekel 1903 [synonym]
Fm. †Scincosauridae Jaeckel 1909
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G. †Sauravus Thevenin 1906
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Sauravus cambrayi Carroll et al. 1998
Sauravus costei Thevenin 1906
G. †Scincosaurus Fric 1876
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Scincosaurus crassus Fritsch 1875
Scincosaurus spinosus Civet 1982
Fm. †Urocordylidae Lydekker 1889
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G. †Ctenerpeton Cope 1897
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Ctenerpeton primum Aldrich and Jones 1930
Ctenerpeton remex Cope 1868
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Invalid names: Ctenerpeton alveolatum Cope 1897 [synonym]
Subfm. †Sauropleurinae Carroll et al. 1998
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G. †Crossotelos Case 1902
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Crossotelos annulatus Case 1902
G. †Montcellia Dutuit and Heyler 1994
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Montcellia longidentata Moodie 1909
G. †Sauropleura Cope 1868
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Sauropleura bairdi Carroll et al. 1998
Sauropleura longicaudata Langiaux et al. 1974
Sauropleura scalaris Fritsch 1883
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Invalid names: Ptyonius bendai Fritsch 1901 [synonym], Ptyonius distinctus Fritsch 1901 [synonym]
Subfm. †Urocordylinae Carroll et al. 1998
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G. †Ptyonius Cope 1875
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Ptyonius marshi Cope 1869
Ptyonius marshii Cope 1869
Ptyonius nummifer Cope 1875
Ptyonius olisthmonaias Thayer 1985
Ptyonius serrula Cope 1871
G. †Urocordylus Wright and Huxley 1866
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Urocordylus angustatus Fritsch 1883
Urocordylus wandesfordii Huxley 1867
G. †Orthocosta Fritsch 1883
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Orthocosta microscopa Fritsch 1883
G. †Seelya Fritsch 1883
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Seelya pusilla Fritsch 1883
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
K. A. von Zittel 1887Wirbelkörper aus einheitlichen Knochenhülsen bestehend, welche Reste der Chorda umschliessen. Hinterhaupt knorpelig oder verknöchert. Zähne einfach, mit grosser Pulpa.