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Spicara

Actinopteri - Spariformes - Centracanthidae

Taxonomy
Spicara was named by Rafinesque (1810) [Sepkoski's age data: T Eo-m R Sepkoski's reference number: 915]. It is extant.

It was assigned to Sparidae by Casier (1966); to Emmelichthyidae by Nolf (1972); to Centracanthidae by Steurbaut (1984); and to Perciformes by Sepkoski (2002).

Species
S. arambourgi, S. gossei, S. smaris
Species lacking formal opinion data
S. armabourgi

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1810Spicara Rafinesque
1966Spicara Casier p. 447
1972Spicara Nolf p. 145
1984Spicara Steurbaut p. 85
2002Spicara Sepkoski

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
superclassActinopterygii()
classActinopteri()
subclassNeopterygii(Regan 1923)
—Teleosteomorpha
—Teleostei(Müller 1846)
RankNameAuthor
—Osteoglossocephalai
—ClupeocephalaPatterson and Rosen 1977
—Euteleosteomorpha
—NeoteleosteiRosen 1973
—Eurypterygia(Rosen 1973)
—Ctenosquamata
—Acanthomorphata(Rosen 1973)
—Euacanthomorphacea
—Percomorphaceae
—Percomorpharia
orderSpariformes
familyCentracanthidae
genusSpicaraRafinesque 1810

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Spicara Rafinesque 1810
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†Spicara arambourgi Nolf 1971
†Spicara gossei Steurbaut 1984
Spicara smaris Linnaeus 1758
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: nektonico
Diet: omnivoreo
Created: 2009-07-20 20:44:22
Modified: 2009-07-20 22:44:22
Source: o = order, subp = subphylum
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Eocene to the top of the Middle Pleistocene or 56.00000 to 0.12900 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 33.9 Ma

Collections (14 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Eocene56.0 - 33.9France S. armabourgi (220174)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03Hungary S. sp. (184477)
Chattian - Early/Lower Miocene28.1 - 15.97Greece (Greneva) S. gossei (222448)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Algeria S. dionysii (186582 186585)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6Greece (Peloponnese) S. maena (207769)
Gelasian2.588 - 1.806Greece (Rhodes) S. smaris (207579 207580 207581)
Gelasian - Calabrian2.588 - 0.774Greece (Rhodes) S. smaris (207571)
Early/Lower Pleistocene - Middle Pleistocene2.588 - 0.129Italy S. smaris (159378)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Italy S. smaris (159140 159288)
Ionian0.774 - 0.129Greece (Rhodes) S. smaris (207568)