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Cryptoclidus
Taxonomy
Muraenosaurus (Cryptoclidus) was named by Seeley (1892). Its type is Cryptoclidus eurymerus. It is the type subgenus of Cryptoclididae, Cryptocleidoidea.
It was reranked as Cryptocleidus by Delair (1960); it was misspelled as Cryptocleidus by Andrews (1910) and Persson (1963); it was reranked as Cryptoclidus by Andrews (1895), Brown (1981), Carroll (1988), Gasparini and Spalletti (1993), O'Keefe (2001), Sepkoski (2002), Araujo et al. (2008), Ketchum and Benson (2010), Otero et al. (2012) and Benson and Druckenmiller (2014).
It was assigned to Muraenosaurus by Seeley (1892); to Elasmosauridae by Andrews (1910); to Cimoliosauridae by Delair (1960); to Plesiosauridae by Persson (1963); to Plesiosauria by Andrews (1895) and Sepkoski (2002); to Cryptocleidoidea by Otero et al. (2012); and to Cryptoclididae by Brown (1981), Carroll (1988), Gasparini and Spalletti (1993), O'Keefe (2001), Araujo et al. (2008), Ketchum and Benson (2010) and Benson and Druckenmiller (2014).
It was reranked as Cryptocleidus by Delair (1960); it was misspelled as Cryptocleidus by Andrews (1910) and Persson (1963); it was reranked as Cryptoclidus by Andrews (1895), Brown (1981), Carroll (1988), Gasparini and Spalletti (1993), O'Keefe (2001), Sepkoski (2002), Araujo et al. (2008), Ketchum and Benson (2010), Otero et al. (2012) and Benson and Druckenmiller (2014).
It was assigned to Muraenosaurus by Seeley (1892); to Elasmosauridae by Andrews (1910); to Cimoliosauridae by Delair (1960); to Plesiosauridae by Persson (1963); to Plesiosauria by Andrews (1895) and Sepkoski (2002); to Cryptocleidoidea by Otero et al. (2012); and to Cryptoclididae by Brown (1981), Carroll (1988), Gasparini and Spalletti (1993), O'Keefe (2001), Araujo et al. (2008), Ketchum and Benson (2010) and Benson and Druckenmiller (2014).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1869 | Plesiosaurus oxfordiensis Seeley p. 119 |
| 1871 | Plesiosaurus oxoniensis Phillips pp. 307-312 figs. cxiii-cxv |
| 1874 | Muraenosaurus oxoniensis Seeley p. 448 |
| 1889 | Cimoliosaurus oxoniensis Lydekker |
| 1892 | Muraenosaurus (Cryptoclidus) Seeley |
| 1895 | Cryptoclidus oxoniensis Andrews p. 16 |
| 1895 | Cryptoclidus Andrews p. 356 |
| 1895 | Cryptoclidus oxoniensis Andrews p. 357 |
| 1910 | Cryptocleidus Andrews p. 164 |
| 1910 | Cryptocleidus oxoniensis Andrews p. 164 |
| 1915 | Apractocleidus Smellie p. 341 |
| 1934 | Cryptocleidus oxoniensis Swinton figs. Pl. VII |
| 1939 | Cryptoclidus vignalensis Torre and Cuervo |
| 1940 | Apractocleidus White p. 461 |
| 1949 | Cryptocleidus cuervoi Torre and Rojas |
| 1960 | Cryptocleidus Delair pp. 65-66 |
| 1963 | Cryptocleidus Persson p. 8 |
| 1981 | Cryptoclidus Brown p. 341 |
| 1988 | Cryptoclidus Carroll |
| 1993 | Cryptoclidus Gasparini and Spalletti p. 252 |
| 2001 | Cryptoclidus O'Keefe p. 19 fig. 20 |
| 2002 | Cryptoclidus Sepkoski |
| 2008 | Cryptoclidus Araujo et al. p. 24 |
| 2010 | Cryptoclidus Ketchum and Benson p. 15 fig. 6 |
| 2012 | Cryptoclidus Otero et al. |
| 2014 | Cryptoclidus Benson and Druckenmiller figs. 2-3 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Cryptoclidus Seeley 1892
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†Cryptocleidus cuervoi quesadai Torre and Rojas 1949
†Cryptoclidus eurymerus Phillips 1871
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Invalid names: Apractocleidus teretipes Smellie 1915 [synonym], Cryptoclidus platymerus Seeley 1892 [synonym], Plesiosaurus durobrivensis Seeley 1892 [synonym]
†Cryptoclidus richardsoni Lydekker 1889
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Invalid names: Plesiosaurus plicatus Mansel-Pleydell 1888 [synonym]
Invalid names: Apractocleidus Smellie 1915 [objective synonym], Cryptocleidus cuervoi Torre and Rojas 1949 [nomen dubium], Cryptoclidus vignalensis Torre and Cuervo 1939 [nomen dubium], Plesiosaurus oxfordiensis Seeley 1869 [nomen nudum], Plesiosaurus oxoniensis Phillips 1871 [nomen dubium]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: o = order | |||||
| Reference: Kiessling 2004 | |||||
Age range: base of the Early/Lower Callovian to the top of the Late/Upper Tithonian or 164.70000 to 145.00000 Ma
Collections (16 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Callovian | United Kingdom (England) | Plesiosaurus oxoniensis (100519) | |
| Callovian - Oxfordian | United Kingdom (England) | Cryptocleidus eurymerus (140700) C. richardsoni (98447) | |
| Early/Lower Callovian | Argentina (Neuquen) | C. sp. (140300) | |
| Late/Upper Callovian | United Kingdom (England) | C. eurymerus (119503) | |
| Middle Callovian | United Kingdom (England) | C. eurymerus (142299 149246) C. eurymerus, Apractocleidus teretipes (109800) C. oxoniensis (133067) C. sp. (53833 149254) | |
| Oxfordian | United Kingdom (England) | Plesiosaurus oxoniensis (100669) | |
| Middle Oxfordian - Late/Upper Oxfordian | Cuba (Vinales) | C. vignalensis (138291) | |
| Kimmeridgian - Early/Lower Tithonian | United Kingdom (England) | Cryptocleidus richardsoni (139861) | |
| Late/Upper Kimmeridgian | France (Nord-Pas-de-Calais) | C. beaugrandi (67107) | |
| Late/Upper Tithonian | United Kingdom (England) | Cryptocleidus richardsoni (119505) |