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Muraenosaurus
Taxonomy
Muraenosaurus was named by Seeley (1874) [Sepkoski's age data: J Call J Oxfo]. Its type is Muraenosaurus leedsii.
It was synonymized subjectively with Cimoliosaurus by Lydekker (1889).
It was assigned to Muraenosauridae by White (1940); to Cimoliosauridae by Delair (1960); to Plesiosauridae by Welles (1962); to Elasmosauridae by Seeley (1892), Andrews (1910), Wegner (1914), Brown (1981), Carroll (1988) and Gasparini and Spalletti (1993); to Plesiosauria by Hay (1930) and Sepkoski (2002); to Plesiosauroidea by Carpenter (1999) and Gasparini et al. (2002); to Cryptocleidoidea by O'Keefe (2004) and Otero et al. (2012); and to Cryptoclididae by O'Keefe (2001), Ketchum and Benson (2010) and Benson and Druckenmiller (2014).
It was synonymized subjectively with Cimoliosaurus by Lydekker (1889).
It was assigned to Muraenosauridae by White (1940); to Cimoliosauridae by Delair (1960); to Plesiosauridae by Welles (1962); to Elasmosauridae by Seeley (1892), Andrews (1910), Wegner (1914), Brown (1981), Carroll (1988) and Gasparini and Spalletti (1993); to Plesiosauria by Hay (1930) and Sepkoski (2002); to Plesiosauroidea by Carpenter (1999) and Gasparini et al. (2002); to Cryptocleidoidea by O'Keefe (2004) and Otero et al. (2012); and to Cryptoclididae by O'Keefe (2001), Ketchum and Benson (2010) and Benson and Druckenmiller (2014).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1874 | Muraenosaurus Seeley p. 197 |
1892 | Muraenosaurus Seeley p. 151 |
1910 | Muraenosaurus Andrews p. 77 |
1914 | Muraenosaurus Wegner p. 289 |
1930 | Muraenosaurus Hay p. 120 |
1940 | Muraenosaurus White p. 461 |
1940 | Tremamesacleis White p. 463 |
1960 | Muraenosaurus Delair p. 60 |
1962 | Muraenosaurus Welles p. 7 |
1981 | Muraenosaurus Brown p. 340 |
1988 | Muraenosaurus Carroll |
1993 | Muraenosaurus Gasparini and Spalletti p. 250 |
1999 | Muraenosaurus Carpenter p. 168 fig. 15 |
2001 | Muraenosaurus O'Keefe p. 19 fig. 20 |
2002 | Muraenosaurus Gasparini et al. |
2002 | Muraenosaurus Sepkoski |
2002 | Tremamesacleis Sepkoski |
2004 | Muraenosaurus O'Keefe p. 337 figs. Fig. 11 |
2010 | Muraenosaurus Ketchum and Benson p. 15 |
2012 | Muraenosaurus Otero et al. |
2014 | Muraenosaurus Benson and Druckenmiller figs. 2-3 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Muraenosaurus Seeley 1874
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†Muraenosaurus elasmosauroides Bogolubov 1911
†Muraenosaurus fahrenkohli Waldheim 1846
†Muraenosaurus leedsii Seeley 1874
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Invalid names: Cimoliosaurus plicatus Phillips 1871 [synonym], Muraenosaurus platyclis Seeley 1892 [synonym], Muraenosaurus plicatus Phillips 1871 [synonym], Tremamesacleis durobrivensis Lydekker 1889 [synonym]
†Muraenosaurus purbecki Bogolubov 1911
Invalid names: Tremamesacleis White 1940 [synonym]
Diagnosis
Reference | Diagnosis | |
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T. E. White 1940 (Tremamesacleis) | "Skull brachycephalic; teeth conical and of medium length; orbits anterior to midlength of skull; 38 cervical, 21 dorsal, and 14 + caudal vertebrae; cervical ribs single-headed; clavicles and in terclavicle present and well developed; interclavicular foramen present, bounded anteriorly and probably laterally by the interclavicle (Andrews, 1910, pl. 6, fig. 3, indicates that the posterior extent of the clavicles and interclavicle was greater than the diagram shows); scapulae meeting in midline and meeting the coracoids between the scapulo-coracoid fenestrae." |