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Trinacromerum
Taxonomy
Trinacromerum was named by Cragin (1888) [Sepkoski's age data: K Albi Sepkoski's reference number: 1066]. Its type is Trinacromerum bentonianum.
It was synonymized subjectively with Cimoliosaurus by Lydekker (1889); it was considered a nomen vanum by Welles (1962).
It was assigned to Elasmosauridae by Seeley (1892) and Hay (1902); to Pliosauridae by Carroll (1988); to Plesiosauria by Williston (1903), Williston (1906) and Sepkoski (2002); to Polycotylidae by Williston (1908), Hay (1930), White (1940), Gasparini and Goñi (1985), Carpenter (1996), Adams (1997), O'Keefe (2001), O'Keefe (2004), Schumacher and Everhart (2005) and Ketchum and Benson (2010); to Cryptocleidoidea by Otero et al. (2012); and to Polycotylinae by Albright et al. (2007) and Persons IV et al. (2022).
It was synonymized subjectively with Cimoliosaurus by Lydekker (1889); it was considered a nomen vanum by Welles (1962).
It was assigned to Elasmosauridae by Seeley (1892) and Hay (1902); to Pliosauridae by Carroll (1988); to Plesiosauria by Williston (1903), Williston (1906) and Sepkoski (2002); to Polycotylidae by Williston (1908), Hay (1930), White (1940), Gasparini and Goñi (1985), Carpenter (1996), Adams (1997), O'Keefe (2001), O'Keefe (2004), Schumacher and Everhart (2005) and Ketchum and Benson (2010); to Cryptocleidoidea by Otero et al. (2012); and to Polycotylinae by Albright et al. (2007) and Persons IV et al. (2022).
Species
Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
---|---|
1888 | Trinacromerum Cragin |
1892 | Trinacromerum Seeley p. 151 |
1902 | Trinacromerum Hay p. 458 |
1903 | Trinacromerum Williston p. 11 |
1906 | Trinacromerum Williston p. 233 |
1908 | Trinacromerum Williston p. 735 |
1930 | Trinacromerum Hay p. 117 |
1940 | Trinacromerum White p. 465 |
1985 | Trinacromerum Gasparini and Goñi |
1988 | Trinacromerum Carroll |
1996 | Trinacromerum Carpenter p. 279 |
1997 | Trinacromerum Adams p. 183 |
2001 | Trinacromerum O'Keefe p. 19 fig. 20 |
2002 | Trinacromerum Sepkoski |
2004 | Trinacromerum O'Keefe p. 336 figs. Fig. 11 |
2005 | Trinacromerum Schumacher and Everhart p. 40 |
2007 | Trinacromerum Albright et al. p. 47 |
2010 | Trinacromerum Ketchum and Benson p. 15 |
2012 | Trinacromerum Otero et al. |
2022 | Trinacromerum Persons IV et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Trinacromerum Cragin 1888
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†Trinacromerum bentonianum Cragin 1888
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Invalid names: Ceraunosaurus brownorum Thurmond 1968 [synonym], Trinacromerum anonymum Williston 1903 [synonym], Trinacromerum willistoni Riggs 1944 [synonym]
†Trinacromerum kirki Russell 1935
Diagnosis
Reference | Diagnosis | |
---|---|---|
K. Carpenter 1996 | Teeth robust, with coarse striae like Polycotylus latipinnis and unlike the slender teeth with fine striae of Dolichorhynchops osborni; temporal fenestra long and narrow, but short and wide in D. osborni; suspensorium inclined posteriorly, not vertical as in D. osborni; pterygoid plates extend posterorly well beyond the posterior interpterygoid fenestra; pterygoid process of quadrate longer than in D. osborni; 46 vertebrae (20 cervical, 3 pectorals, 23 dorsals), whereas D. osborni has 46 vertebrae (19 cervicals, 3 pectorals, 23-24 dorsals), and P. latipinnis has 54 presacral vertebrae (26 cervicals, 3 pectorals, 25 dorsals); centra without lateral and ventral constriction as in D. osborni and P. latipinnis |