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Stenopterygius
Taxonomy
Stenopterygius was named by Jaekel (1904) [Sepkoski's age data: J Toar-l Sepkoski's reference number: 1066]. It is not extant.
It was assigned to Stenopterygiinae by Fernández (1997); to Neoichthyosauria by Sander (2000); to Ichthyosauria by Sepkoski (2002); to Stenopterygiidae by McGowan (1974), Carroll (1988), McGowan and Motani (2003), Maisch (2008), Maisch (2010) and Caine and Benton (2011); to Parvipelvia by Maxwell et al. (2012); to Baracromia by Fischer et al. (2013); and to Thunnosauria by Motani (1999), Maisch and Matzke (2000), Fischer et al. (2011), Fischer et al. (2012), Arkhangelsky and Zverkov (2014) and Ji et al. (2016).
It was assigned to Stenopterygiinae by Fernández (1997); to Neoichthyosauria by Sander (2000); to Ichthyosauria by Sepkoski (2002); to Stenopterygiidae by McGowan (1974), Carroll (1988), McGowan and Motani (2003), Maisch (2008), Maisch (2010) and Caine and Benton (2011); to Parvipelvia by Maxwell et al. (2012); to Baracromia by Fischer et al. (2013); and to Thunnosauria by Motani (1999), Maisch and Matzke (2000), Fischer et al. (2011), Fischer et al. (2012), Arkhangelsky and Zverkov (2014) and Ji et al. (2016).
Species
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1904 | Stenopterygius Jaekel |
| 1922 | Stenopterygius banzensis Heune p. 88 figs. Pl. 18(23) |
| 1922 | Stenopterygius hauffianus von Huene p. 54 |
| 1974 | Stenopterygius McGowan |
| 1988 | Stenopterygius Carroll |
| 1997 | Stenopterygius Fernández p. 483 |
| 1999 | Stenopterygius Motani p. 484 |
| 2000 | Stenopterygius hauffianus Maisch and Matzke p. 75 |
| 2000 | Stenopterygius Maisch and Matzke p. 98 |
| 2000 | Stenopterygius Sander |
| 2002 | Stenopterygius Sepkoski |
| 2003 | Stenopterygius McGowan and Motani |
| 2003 | Stenopterygius hauffianus McGowan and Motani |
| 2008 | Stenopterygius Maisch |
| 2008 | Stenopterygius promegacelaphus Maisch |
| 2010 | Stenopterygius Maisch |
| 2011 | Stenopterygius Caine and Benton |
| 2011 | Stenopterygius Fischer et al. |
| 2012 | Stenopterygius Fischer et al. |
| 2012 | Stenopterygius Maxwell et al. p. 3 |
| 2013 | Stenopterygius Fischer et al. |
| 2014 | Stenopterygius Arkhangelsky and Zverkov |
| 2016 | Stenopterygius Ji et al. p. 12 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Stenopterygius Jaekel 1904
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†Stenopterygius aaleniensis Maxwell et al. 2012
†Stenopterygius cayi Fernandez 1994
†Stenopterygius cuneiceps McGowan 1979
†Stenopterygius longifrons Owen 1881
†Stenopterygius longipes von Wurstemberger 1876
†Stenopterygius macrophasma McGowan 1979
†Stenopterygius megacephalus von Huene 1922
†Stenopterygius megalorhinus von Huene 1922
†Stenopterygius quadriscissus Quenstedt 1858
†Stenopterygius triscissus Quenstedt 1856
†Stenopterygius uniter von Wurstemberger 1876
Invalid names: Stenopterygius banzensis Heune 1922 [nomen dubium], Stenopterygius hauffianus von Huene 1922 [nomen dubium], Stenopterygius promegacelaphus Maisch 2008 [nomen dubium]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| M. W. Maisch and A. T. Matzke 2000 | "Moderately sized longipinnate, maximum length around 4m, postorbital skull region very short, fenestra temporalis large, maxilla short, excavatio internasalis not very clear, quadratojugal short, with short, posteromedially directed processus quadratus, parabasisphenoid with unpaired carotid foramen posterior to which there is a depression subdivided by a ridge, basioccipital with well developed cuneiform process, no clear stapedial facets, palatine small, pterygoid with processus postpalatinalis, forefins with four primary and fifth postaxial finger, at least two elements notched, humerus slender, pelvis bipartite, hindfins with three primary digits, a postaxial fourth accessory, 44–46 presacral vertebrae, thoracal ribs clearly bicipital, postflexural tail segment always shorter than preflexural segment, no haemapophyseal facets in caudal vertebrae." | |
| C. Ji et al. 2016 | Frontal and postfrontal separated by prefrontal; scapula with prominent acromial angle; forefin with four to six digits; single row of digits between digits IV and V present (absent in some individuals); phalanges closely packed proximally; notching of leading edge in some elements; ischium and pubis fused; presacral vertebrae 44–46. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Reference: Kiessling 2004 | |||||
Age range: Toarcian or 182.70000 to 174.10000 Ma
Collections (20 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Early/Lower Toarcian | Germany (Baden-Württenburg) | S. eos, S. intercedens, S. incessus, S. sp., S. quadriscissus (91588) S. eos, S. sp., S. megacephalus (91671) S. incessus, S. sp., S. hauffianus, S. megacephalus, S. megalorhinus, S. macrophasma (91589) S. megalorhinus (91587) S. promegacephalus, S. quadriscissus, S. hauffianus, S. megacephalus, S. cuneiceps, S. triscissus (91595) | |
| Early/Lower Toarcian | Germany (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) | S. quadriscissus (90433) | |
| Early/Lower Toarcian | France | S. longifrons (122731) | |
| Falciferum | United Kingdom (England) | S. triscissus (132646) | |
| Falciferum | Germany | S. hauffianus, S. megacephalus, S. longifrons (139781) S. quadriscissus, S. cuneiceps (139771) S. sp., S. hauffianus, S. megalorhinus, S. cuneiceps, S. longifrons, S. uniter (139774) | |
| Tenuicostatum | Germany | S. sp., S. megalorhinus (139772) | |
| Toarcian | Germany | S. hauffianus (144441) S. megalorhinus (144440) S. quadriscissus (138749) | |
| Toarcian | United Kingdom (England) | S. hauffianus (102274) | |
| Toarcian | Luxembourg | S. hauffianus (91444) | |
| Thouarsense | Luxembourg | S. sp. (141389) | |
| Early/Lower Aalenian | Germany (Baden-Württemberg) | S. sp. (132115) | |
| Early/Lower Aalenian | Germany (Baden-Wuürttemberg) | S. sp., S. hauffianus, S. aaleniensis (132114) |