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Delphinapterus (beluga)
Taxonomy
Delphinapterus was named by Lacépède (1804) [Sepkoski's age data: T Mi-m R Sepkoski's reference number: 1066]. It is extant. It is the type genus of Delphinapterinae. It was considered monophyletic by Barnes (1984).
It was synonymized subjectively with Beluga by Rafinesque (1815); it was replaced with Delphinaptera by Bowdich (1821).
It was assigned to Phocaenina by Gray (1825); to Delphininae by Gray (1846) and Flower (1867); to Delphinina by Gray (1868); to Leucodelphini by Brandt (1873); to Phocaeninae by Brandt (1874); to Monodontes by Winge (1921); to Delphinidae by Gray (1850), Gray (1863), Gray (1866), Scammon and Cope (1869), Gray (1870), Lydekker (1887), Cope (1890), Newton (1891), Gorjanovic-Kramberger (1892), Palmer (1904), Turner (1912) and Kellogg (1928); to Monodontinae by Fraser and Purves (1960) and Scheffer and Rice (1963); to Cetacea by Sepkoski (2002); to Delphinapteridae by Weber (1928) and Buchholtz and Schur (2004); to Delphinapterinae by Gill (1871), Gill (1872), Hay (1902), Trouessart (1904), Miller (1923), Hay (1930), Ellerman and Morrisson-Scott (1951), Kasuya (1973), Barnes (1984), de Muizon (1988), McKenna and Bell (1997), Fordyce and de Muizon (2001) and Whitmore and Kaltenbach (2008); and to Monodontidae by Simpson (1945), Hershkovitz (1966), Reeves and Tracey (1980), Carroll (1988), Stewart and Stewart (1989), Benton (1993), Rice (1998), Geisler and Sanders (2003), Mead and Brownell (2005), Agnarsson and May-Collado (2008), Uhen et al. (2008), Murakami et al. (2014), Marx et al. (2016) and Berta (2017).
It was synonymized subjectively with Beluga by Rafinesque (1815); it was replaced with Delphinaptera by Bowdich (1821).
It was assigned to Phocaenina by Gray (1825); to Delphininae by Gray (1846) and Flower (1867); to Delphinina by Gray (1868); to Leucodelphini by Brandt (1873); to Phocaeninae by Brandt (1874); to Monodontes by Winge (1921); to Delphinidae by Gray (1850), Gray (1863), Gray (1866), Scammon and Cope (1869), Gray (1870), Lydekker (1887), Cope (1890), Newton (1891), Gorjanovic-Kramberger (1892), Palmer (1904), Turner (1912) and Kellogg (1928); to Monodontinae by Fraser and Purves (1960) and Scheffer and Rice (1963); to Cetacea by Sepkoski (2002); to Delphinapteridae by Weber (1928) and Buchholtz and Schur (2004); to Delphinapterinae by Gill (1871), Gill (1872), Hay (1902), Trouessart (1904), Miller (1923), Hay (1930), Ellerman and Morrisson-Scott (1951), Kasuya (1973), Barnes (1984), de Muizon (1988), McKenna and Bell (1997), Fordyce and de Muizon (2001) and Whitmore and Kaltenbach (2008); and to Monodontidae by Simpson (1945), Hershkovitz (1966), Reeves and Tracey (1980), Carroll (1988), Stewart and Stewart (1989), Benton (1993), Rice (1998), Geisler and Sanders (2003), Mead and Brownell (2005), Agnarsson and May-Collado (2008), Uhen et al. (2008), Murakami et al. (2014), Marx et al. (2016) and Berta (2017).
Species
Catodon sibbaldi, D. leucas (syn. Beluga declivis, Catodon albicans, D. marisalbi, Cetus albicans, Beluga borealis, Catodon canadensis, D. vermontanus, Beluga angustata, D. freimani, Beluga glacialis, Beluga kingii, Beluga rhinodon, Inia canadensis, D. beluga, Beluga concreta, Beluga catodon, Delphinus albians, D. dorofeevi, D. concreta), D. senedetta
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1804 | Delphinapterus Lacépède p. 243 |
1804 | Delphinapterus senedetta Lacépède p. 249 |
1815 | Beluga Rafinesque p. 60 |
1821 | Delphinaptera Bowdich p. 86 |
1825 | Delphinapterus Gray p. 340 |
1828 | Catodon sibbaldi Fleming p. 29 |
1830 | Delphis Wagler p. 34 |
1842 | Agrocetus Gloger |
1842 | Argocetus Gloger p. 169 |
1846 | Beluga Gray p. 29 |
1846 | Delphinapterus Gray p. 35 |
1850 | Beluga Gray p. 77 |
1850 | Delphinapterus Gray p. 103 |
1863 | Delphinapterus Gray p. 200 |
1863 | Beluga Gray p. 201 |
1864 | Beluga Gray p. 245 |
1866 | Delphinapterus Gray p. 276 |
1866 | Beluga Gray p. 306 |
1867 | Beluga Cope p. 144 |
1867 | Beluga Flower p. 115 |
1867 | Delphinapterus Flower p. 115 |
1868 | Delphinapterus Gray p. 6 |
1868 | Beluga Gray p. 9 |
1869 | Beluga Scammon and Cope p. 21 |
1869 | Delphinapterus Scammon and Cope p. 21 |
1870 | Delphinapterus Gray p. 772 |
1870 | Beluga Gray p. 773 |
1871 | Delphinapterus Gill p. 125 |
1872 | Delphinapterus Gill p. 95 |
1873 | Delphinapterus Brandt p. 234 |
1874 | Delphinapterus Brandt p. II |
1887 | Delphinapterus Lydekker p. 78 |
1890 | Delphinapterus Cope p. 609 |
1891 | Delphinapterus Newton p. 79 |
1892 | Delphinapterus Gorjanovic-Kramberger p. 14 |
1902 | Delphinapterus Hay p. 594 |
1904 | Argocetus Palmer p. 120 |
1904 | Beluga Palmer p. 136 |
1904 | Delphinapterus Palmer p. 220 |
1904 | Delphinapterus Trouessart p. 771 |
1905 | Beluga Abel p. 129 |
1912 | Delphinapterus Turner p. 102 |
1921 | Delphinapterus Winge p. 35 |
1923 | Delphinapterus Miller p. 40 |
1925 | Beluga Zittel p. 87 |
1928 | Delphinapterus Kellogg p. 33 figs. Table 1 |
1928 | Delphinapterus Weber p. 389 |
1930 | Delphinapterus Hay p. 593 |
1945 | Delphinapterus Simpson p. 103 |
1951 | Delphinapterus Ellerman and Morrisson-Scott p. 727 |
1960 | Delphinapterus Fraser and Purves p. 112 figs. Figure 26 |
1963 | Delphinapterus Scheffer and Rice p. 5 |
1966 | Delphinapterus Hershkovitz p. 108 |
1973 | Delphinapterus Kasuya p. 61 |
1980 | Delphinapterus Reeves and Tracey p. 1 |
1984 | Delphinapterus Barnes p. 13 |
1988 | Delphinapterus Carroll |
1988 | Delphinapterus de Muizon p. 162 |
1989 | Delphinapterus Stewart and Stewart p. 1 |
1993 | Delphinapterus Benton p. 762 |
1997 | Delphinapterus McKenna and Bell p. 389 |
1998 | Delphinapterus Rice p. 96 |
2001 | Delphinapterus Fordyce and de Muizon p. 179 |
2002 | Delphinapterus Sepkoski |
2003 | Delphinapterus Geisler and Sanders p. 28 |
2004 | Delphinapterus Buchholtz and Schur p. 384 figs. Figure 1 |
2005 | Delphinapterus Mead and Brownell p. 735 |
2008 | Delphinapterus Agnarsson and May-Collado p. 981 figs. Fig. 5 |
2008 | Delphinapterus Uhen et al. p. 590 |
2008 | Delphinapterus Whitmore and Kaltenbach p. 228 |
2014 | Delphinapterus Murakami et al. p. 492 figs. Figure 7 |
2016 | Delphinapterus Marx et al. p. 136 |
2017 | Delphinapterus Berta p. 164 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Delphinapterus Lacépède 1804 [beluga]
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Delphinapterus leucas Pallas 1776 [beluga whale]
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Invalid names: Beluga angustata Cope 1866 [synonym], Beluga borealis Lesson 1828 [synonym], Beluga catodon Gray 1846 [synonym], Beluga concreta Cope 1865 [synonym], Beluga declivis Cope 1865 [synonym], Beluga glacialis Lesson 1828 [synonym], Beluga kingii Gray 1827 [synonym], Beluga rhinodon Cope 1865 [synonym], Catodon albicans Lacépède 1804 [synonym], Catodon canadensis Lesson 1828 [synonym], Cetus albicans Brisson 1762 [synonym], Delphinapterus beluga Lacépède 1804 [synonym], Delphinapterus concreta Cope 1865 [synonym], Delphinapterus dorofeevi Klumov and Barabash 1935 [synonym], Delphinapterus freimani Klumov 1935 [synonym], Delphinapterus marisalbi Ostroumov 1935 [synonym], Delphinapterus vermontanus Thompson 1850 [synonym], Delphinus albians Muller 1776 [synonym], Inia canadensis Desmarest 1822 [synonym]
Invalid names: Agrocetus Gloger 1842 [synonym], Argocetus Gloger 1842 [synonym], Beluga Rafinesque 1815 [synonym], Catodon sibbaldi Fleming 1828 [nomen dubium], Delphinaptera Bowdich 1821 [synonym], Delphinapterus senedetta Lacépède 1804 [nomen dubium], Delphis Wagler 1830 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
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Source: f = family, subo = suborder, o = order | |||||
References: Nowak 1991, Uhen 2004 |
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Zanclean to the top of the Holocene or 5.33300 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 3.6 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 3.6 Ma
Collections (58 total)
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
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Middle Miocene - Early/Lower Pleistocene | Netherlands | Delphinapterus sp., Delphinapterus leucas (189573) | |
Zanclean | USA (North Carolina) | Delphinapterus sp. (52582) | |
Early/Lower Pleistocene | United Kingdom (England) | Delphinapterus leucas (58420) | |
Early/Lower Pleistocene | Netherlands | Delphinapterus sp., Delphinapterus leucas (189574) | |
Pleistocene | Sweden | Delphinus leucas (159729) | |
Pleistocene | Denmark | Delphinus leucas (159730 159733) | |
Calabrian | Netherlands | Delphinapterus leucas (53897) | |
Middle Pleistocene | United Kingdom (England) | Delphinapterus leucas (58419) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | Canada (Quebec) | Delphinapterus leucas (51004 51006 51017 96872) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (Alaska) | Delphinapterus sp. (20643) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | Belgium | Delphinapterus leucas (82528) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (New York) | Delphinapterus leucas (73634) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | Sweden | Delphinapterus leucas (96117 96123) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | Canada (Yukon) | Delphinapterus leucas (73693) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | Canada (Quebec) | Delphinapterus leucas (116551) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Vermont) | Delphinus vermontana (51003) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | Canada (New Brunswick) | Delphinapterus sp. (73664) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | Canada (Ontario) | Beluga vermontana (51010) Delphinapterus leucas (51007 51009 51011 51012 51014 51015) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | Denmark | Delphinapterus leucas (96120 96128 96129 96130) Delphinus leucas (96118) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | Netherlands | Delphinapterus leucas (82530 82533) | |
Holocene | Greenland | Delphinapterus leucas (168233) | |
Holocene | Svalbard and Jan Mayen | Delphinapterus leucas (168234) | |
Holocene | USA (Alaska) | Delphinapterus leucas (168235 175943 175948 175950 175951) | |
Holocene | Russian Federation (Siberia) | Delphinus leucas (86903) | |
Holocene | Japan | Delphinapterus leucas (82088) | |
Holocene | Canada (Nunavut) | Delphinapterus leucas (160848 228756 228757 228895 228897 228919) | |
Holocene | Russian Federation | Delphinapterus leucas (168236) | |
Holocene | Canada (Northwest Territories) | Delphinapterus leucas (228921 228924) | |
Holocene | Canada (Newfoundland) | Delphinapterus leucas (228844) | |
Holocene | Canada (Quebec) | Delphinapterus leucas (51005 221970 228861) |