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Carnivora (carnivoran)

Mammalia - Carnivora

Taxonomy
Carnivora was named by Bowditch (1821). It is extant.

It was reranked as the suborder Carnivora by Ameghino (1897); it was synonymized subjectively with Ferae by Hay (1902).

It was assigned to Unguiculata by Cope (1889); to Eutheria by Flower and Lydekker (1891); to Sarcobora by Ameghino (1897); to Holotheria by Jaekel (1911); to Monodelphia by Hay (1930); to Eutheria by Hooker (1986); to Zooamata by Waddell et al. (1999); to Ferae by Lopatin (2006); to Laurasiatheria by Madsen et al. (2001) and Silcox et al. (2010); to Ferae by McKenna (1975), Waddell et al. (2001) and Asher and Helgen (2010); to Eutheria by Flower (1883), Gadow (1898), Carroll (1988), Nowak (1991) and Hunt (2011); to Carnivoramorpha by Wesley-Hunt and Werdelin (2005), Spaulding et al. (2009), Spaulding et al. (2010) and Tomiya (2011); to Eutheria by Vianey-Liaud et al. (2014); to Mammalia by Leidy (1873), Lydekker (1885), Andrews (1906), Lambe (1908), Tedford (1976), Barnes (1979), Thurmond and Jones (1981), Barnes (1987), Barnes (1988), Shoshani et al. (1989), Barnes (1989), Kohno (1992), Barnes (1992), Tedford et al. (1994), Barnes and Hirota (1995), Kohno (1996), Ginsburg and Janvier (1999), Sepkoski (2002), Wang et al. (2004), Davis et al. (2004), Wilson and Reeder (2005), Barnes et al. (2006), Hulbert and Whitmore (2006), Kohno (2006), Wang and Tedford (2008), Tedford and Wang (2008), Kohno and Ray (2008), Mazak et al. (2011) and Tomiya and Tseng (2016); and to Carnivoraformes by Solé et al. (2016).

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1758Viverra memphitis Linnaeus p. 44
1821Carnivora Bowditch
1873Carnivora Leidy p. 315
1883Carnivora Flower p. 186
1885Carnivora Lydekker p. 196
1889Carnivora Cope p. 875
1891Carnivora Flower and Lydekker p. 91
1897Carnivora Ameghino p. 501
1898Carnivora Gadow p. 50
1906Carnivora Andrews p. 218
1908Carnivora Lambe
1911Carnivora Jaekel p. 227
1930Carnivora Hay p. 456
1945Eosictis Scott
1975Carnivora McKenna p. 42
1976Carnivora Tedford p. 372
1979Carnivora Barnes p. 8
1981Carnivora Thurmond and Jones p. 174
1986Carnivora Hooker p. 326
1987Carnivora Barnes p. 3
1988Carnivora Barnes p. 2
1988Carnivora Carroll
1989Carnivora Barnes p. 3
1989Carnivora Shoshani et al. p. 436
1991Carnivora Nowak
1992Carnivora Barnes p. 3
1992Carnivora Kohno p. 16
1994Carnivora Tedford et al. p. 12
1995Carnivora Barnes and Hirota p. 330
1996Carnivora Kohno p. 389
1999Carnivora Ginsburg and Janvier p. 170
1999Carnivora Waddell et al. p. 3
2001Carnivora Madsen et al. p. 610
2001Carnivora Waddell et al. p. 148
2002Carnivora Sepkoski
2004Carnivora Davis et al. p. 365
2004Carnivora Wang et al.
2005Carnivora Wesley-Hunt and Werdelin p. 842
2005Carnivora Wilson and Reeder
2006Carnivora Barnes et al. p. 59
2006Carnivora Hulbert and Whitmore p. 5
2006Carnivora Kohno p. 411
2006Carnivora Lopatin
2008Carnivora Kohno and Ray p. 44
2008Carnivora Tedford and Wang p. 273
2008Carnivora Wang and Tedford
2009Carnivora Spaulding et al.
2010Carnivora Asher and Helgen p. 3 figs. Figure 1
2010Carnivora Silcox et al.
2010Carnivora Spaulding et al. p. 815
2011Carnivora Hunt, Jr. p. 21
2011Carnivora Mazak et al.
2011Carnivora Tomiya p. 3
2014Carnivora Vianey-Liaud et al. p. 610
2016Carnivora Solé et al.
2016Carnivora Tomiya and Tseng p. 5

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
suborderEupelycosauria
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
RankNameAuthor
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
—Theriiformes()
—Trechnotheria
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Ferae()
—CarnivoramorphaWyss and Flynn 1993
—CarnivoraformesFlynn et al.
orderCarnivoraBowditch 1821
orderCarnivoraBowditch 1821

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Or. Carnivora Bowditch 1821 [carnivoran]
show all | hide all
G. †Adracon Filhol 1884
Subor. Caniformia Kretzoi 1943
+
Fm. †Amphicyonidae Haeckel 1886 [bear-dog]
+
G. †Amphicyanis Springhorn 1977
Subfm. †Amphicyoninae Trouessart 1885
+
G. †Afrocyon Arambourg 1961
+
†Afrocyon burolleti Arambourg 1961
†Afrocyon macrodon Savage 1965
Tr. †Amphicyonini Trouessart 1885
+
G. †Amphicyon Lartet 1836
G. †Cynelos Jourdan 1862
+
Invalid names: Absonodaphoenus Olsen 1958 [synonym], Hecubides Savage 1965 [synonym]
G. †Paludocyon Morales et al. 2021
G. †Goupilictis Ginsburg 1969
+
†Goupilictis minor Dehm 1935
G. †Ischyrocyon Matthew and Gidley 1904
+
†Ischyrocyon gidleyi Matthew 1902
+
Invalid names: Hadrocyon mohavensis Stock and Furlong 1926 [synonym], Ischyrocyon hyaenodus Matthew and Gidley 1904 [synonym], Pliocyon walkerae Johnston and Christian 1941 [synonym]
Invalid names: Hadrocyon Stock and Furlong 1926 [synonym]
G. †Magericyon Peigné et al. 2008
+
†Magericyon anceps Peigné et al. 2008
†Magericyon castellanus Fraile 1997
G. †Mogharacyon Morales and Pickford 2022
+
†Mogharacyon anubisi Morlo and Miller 2019
G. †Myacyon Sudre and Hartenberger 1992
+
†Myacyon kiptalami Morales and Pickford 2005
G. †Namibiocyon Morales and Pickford 2022
+
†Namibiocyon ginsburgi Morales et al. 1998
G. †Pliocyon Matthew 1918
+
†Pliocyon medius Matthew 1918
†Pliocyon ossifragus Douglass 1903
†Pliocyon robustus Berta and Galiano 1984
Tr. †Pseudarctini Morales et al. 2021
+
G. †Dehmicyon Morales et al. 2021
G. †Ictiocyon Crusafont Pairo et al. 1955
G. †Pseudarctos Schlosser 1899
G. †Pseudocyon Lartet 1851
+
†Pseudocyon caucasicus Gabunia 1973
†Pseudocyon sansaniensis Lartet 1851
Invalid names: Amphicyonopsis Viret 1929 [synonym]
G. †Vishnucyon Pilgrim 1932
Invalid names: Thaumastocyonini Ginsburg 1977 [empty]
G. †Angelarctocyon Tomiya and Tseng 2016
+
†Angelarctocyon australis Gustafson 1986
G. †Arctamphicyon Pilgrim 1932
G. †Bonisicyon Werdelin 2009
+
†Bonisicyon illacabo Werdelin 2009
G. †Brachycyon Filhol 1872
+
†Brachycyon gaudryi Ginsburg 1966
G. †Cynodictis Bravard and Pomel 1850
+
†Cynodictis cayluxensis Filhol 1876
†Cynodictis crassus Teilard de Chardin 1915
†Cynodictis exilis Teilard de Chardin 1915
†Cynodictis ferox Filhol 1876
†Cynodictis lacustris Gervais 1852
+
Invalid names: Cynodictis intermedius Filhol 1876 [synonym]
†Cynodictis longirostris Filhol 1872
†Cynodictis parisiensis Pomel 1853
†Cynodictis peignei Le Verger et al. 2020
Subfm. †Daphoeninae Hunt, Jr. 1998
+
G. †Adilophontes Hunt, Jr. 2002
+
†Adilophontes brachykolos Hunt, Jr. 2002
G. †Brachyrhynchocyon Scott and Jepsen 1936
+
+
Invalid names: Daphoenocyon minor Clark 1967 [synonym], Daphoenus canadensis Russell 1934 [synonym], Miacis matthewi Schlaikjer 1935 [synonym]
†Brachyrhynchocyon montanus Hunt, Jr. 1996
Invalid names: Brachicyon Loomis 1931 [replaced], Daphoenocyon Hough 1948 [synonym]
G. †Daphoenictis Hunt, Jr. 1974
+
†Daphoenictis tedfordi Hunt, Jr. 1974
G. †Daphoenodon Peterson 1909
+
Subg. †Daphoenodon (Borocyon) Peterson 1910
†Daphoenodon falkenbachi Hunt, Jr. 2002
†Daphoenodon notionastes Frailey 1979
†Daphoenodon skinneri Hunt, Jr. 2002
†Daphoenodon superbus Peterson 1907
+
Invalid names: Daphoenodon periculosus Cook 1909 [synonym]
G. †Daphoenus Leidy 1853
+
†Daphoenus demilo Dawson 1980
†Daphoenus felinus Scott 1898
†Daphoenus lambei Russell 1934
†Daphoenus robustus Scott 1897
†Daphoenus ruber Stock 1932
†Daphoenus socialis Thorpe 1922
†Daphoenus transversus Wortman and Matthew 1899
†Daphoenus vetus Leidy 1853
+
Invalid names: Proamphicyon nebrascensis Hatcher 1902 [synonym]
Invalid names: Canis lippincottianus Cope 1873 [nomen dubium], Pericyon Thorpe 1922 [synonym], Proamphicyon Hatcher 1902 [synonym]
G. †Paradaphoenus Wortman and Matthew 1899
+
+
Invalid names: Amphicyon entoptychi Cope 1879 [synonym]
†Paradaphoenus minimus Hough 1948
†Paradaphoenus tooheyi Hunt, Jr. 2001
G. †Guangxicyon Zhai et al. 2003
+
†Guangxicyon sinoamericanus Zhai et al. 2003
G. †Gustafsonia Tomiya and Tseng 2016
+
†Gustafsonia cognita Gustafson 1986
Subfm. †Haplocyoninae
+
Tr. †Aktaucyonini Kordikova et al. 2000
+
G. †Aktaucyon Kordikova et al. 2000
G. †Gobicyon Colbert 1839
G. †Haplocyon Schlosser 1901
+
†Haplocyon crucians Filhol 1879
†Haplocyon dombrowski Helbing 1928
†Haplocyon elegans de Bonis 1966
G. †Haplocyonoides Hürzeler 1940
+
†Haplocyonoides mordax Hürzeler 1940
G. †Haplocyonopsis de Bonis 1973
G. †Sarcocyon Ginsburg 1966
G. †Harpagophagus De Bonis 1971
+
†Harpagophagus sanguinensis De Bonis 1971
G. †Notoamphicyon Ameghino 1904
+
†Notoamphicyon paranensis Ameghino 1904
G. †Protemnocyon Hatcher 1901
+
†Protemnocyon inflatus Hatcher 1902
G. †Pseudamphicyon Schlosser 1887
G. †Pseudocyonopsis Kuss 1965
+
†Pseudocyonopsis ambiguus Ginsburg 1965
†Pseudocyonopsis antiquus Ginsburg 1966
†Pseudocyonopsis quercensis Ginsburg 1965
G. †Storchictis de Bonis 2020
+
†Storchictis miacinus de Chardin 1915
G. †Symplectocyon Springhorn 1979
Subfm. †Temnocyoninae Hunt, Jr. 1998
+
G. †Delotrochanter Hunt, Jr. 2011
+
†Delotrochanter major Hunt, Jr. 2011
†Delotrochanter oryktes Hunt, Jr. 2011
†Delotrochanter petersoni Hunt, Jr. 2011
G. †Mammacyon Loomis 1936
+
†Mammacyon ferocior Hunt, Jr. 2011
†Mammacyon obtusidens Loomis 1936
G. †Rudiocyon Hunt, Jr. 2011
+
†Rudiocyon amplidens Hunt, Jr. 2011
G. †Temnocyon Cope 1878
+
†Temnocyon altigenis Cope 1878
†Temnocyon ferox Eyermann 1896
†Temnocyon fingeruti Hunt, Jr. 2011
†Temnocyon macrogenys Hunt, Jr. 2011
†Temnocyon percussor Cook 1909
†Temnocyon subferox Hunt, Jr. 2011
†Temnocyon typicus Loomis 1936
Subfm. †Thaumastocyoninae Hurzeller 1940
+
G. †Agnotherium Kaup 1833
+
†Agnotherium antiquum Kaup 1833
†Agnotherium grivense Viret 1929
G. †Ammitocyon Morales et al. 2021
+
†Ammitocyon kainos Morales et al. 2021
G. †Crassidia Heizmann and Kordikova 2000
+
†Crassidia intermedia von Meyer 1849
G. †Peignecyon Morales et al. 2019
+
†Peignecyon felinoides Morales et al. 2019
G. †Thaumastocyon Stehlin and Helbing 1925
+
†Thaumastocyon bourgeoisi Stehlin and Helbing 1925
†Thaumastocyon dirus Ginsburg et al. 1981
G. †Tomocyon Viret 1929
+
†Tomocyon grivensis Viret 1929
G. †Ysengrinia Ginsburg 1965
+
†Ysengrinia americana Wortman 1901
†Ysengrinia depereti Mayet 1908
†Ysengrinia gerandiana Viret 1929
†Ysengrinia tolosana Noulet 1876
†Ysengrinia valentiana Belinchon and Morales 1989
Invalid names: Aphicyoninae Trouessart 1885 [empty]
Infraor. Canoidea Simpson 1931
+
Superfm. Arctoidea Flower 1869
+
G. †Allocyon Merriam 1930
+
†Allocyon loganensis Merriam 1930
G. †Amphicticeps Matthew and Granger 1924
+
†Amphicticeps dorog Wang et al. 2005
†Amphicticeps makhchinus Wang et al. 2005
†Amphicticeps shackelfordi Matthew and Granger 1924
Unr. Mustelida Tedford 1976
+
Fm. Ailuridae Bonaparte 1850 [red panda]
G. †Bavarictis Mödden 1991
G. †Chaprongictis Peigné et al. 2006
Fm. Mephitidae Bonaparte 1845 [skunk]
G. †Mustelictis Lange 1969
Fm. Mustelidae Fischer 1817 [mustelid carnivore]
G. †Peignictis de Bonis et al. 2019
Fm. Procyonidae Gray 1825 [procyonid carnivore]
+
Invalid names: Cercoleptidae Bonaparte 1850 [synonym]
G. †Pseudobassaris Pohle 1917
Invalid names: Oligobunidae [empty], Procyonoidea Bonaparte 1850 [empty]
Superfm. Musteloidea Fischer de Waldheim 1817
+
G. †Proputorius Filhol 1890
Invalid names: Semantoridae Orlov 1932 [empty]
G. †Nothocyon Wortman and Matthew 1899
+
†Nothocyon parvidens Mivart 1890
†Nothocyon urostictus Mivart 1890
Unr. Pinnipedimorpha Berta et al. 1989 [pinniped]
+
G. †Enaliarctos Mitchell and Tedford 1973
G. †Pacificotaria Barnes 1992
G. †Pinnarctidion Barnes 1979
Unr. Pinnipedia Illiger 1811 [pinniped]
G. †Pteronarctos Barnes 1989
Invalid names: Enaliarctidae Tedford 1976 [empty], Phocomorpha [empty], Pinnipediformes Berta 1994 [empty]
G. †Potamotherium Geoffroy 1833
+
†Potamotherium miocenicum Peters 1868
†Potamotherium vallentoni Geoffroy-Saint-Hillaire 1833
G. †Puijila Rybczynski et al. 2009
+
†Puijila darwini Rybczynski et al. 2009
G. †Semantor Orlov 1932
+
†Semantor macrurus Orlov 1932
Unr. Ursida Tedford 1976
+
Superfm. Ursoidea Fischer de Waldheim 1817
Invalid names: Arctomorpha Wolson 1993 [empty]
Fm. Canidae Fischer 1817 [canid]
+
G. Alopex Kaup 1829 [Arctic fox]
Subfm. †Borophaginae Simpson 1945 [bone-crushing dog]
+
G. †Archaeocyon Wang et al. 1999
Tr. †Borophagini Simpson 1945
G. †Otarocyon Wang et al. 1999
G. †Oxetocyon Green 1954
Tr. †Phlaocyonini Wang et al. 1999
G. †Rhizocyon Wang et al. 1999
Subfm. Caninae Gill 1872 [canine]
+
Tr. †Canini Fischer de Waldheim 1817
G. †Leptocyon Matthew 1918
+
Invalid names: Neocynodesmus Macdonald 1963 [synonym]
G. Nyctereutes Temminck 1839 [raccoon dog]
Tr. Vulpini Hemprich and Ehrenberg 1832
G. †Chailicyon Chow 1975
+
†Chailicyon crassidens Chow 1975
G. †Cubacyon Arredondo and Varona 1974
+
†Cubacyon transversidens Arredondo and Varona 1974
G. Dysodus Cope 1879
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Dysodus pravus Cope 1879 [Japanese sleeve dog]
Subfm. †Hesperocyoninae Tedford 1978
+
G. †Caedocyon Wang 1994
G. †Cynodesmus Scott 1893
G. †Ectopocynus Wang 1994
G. †Enhydrocyon Cope 1879
+
Invalid names: Hyaenocyon Cope 1879 [synonym]
G. †Hesperocyon Scott 1890
+
Invalid names: Alloeodectes Russell 1984 [synonym], Pseudocynodictis Schlosser 1902 [synonym]
G. †Mesocyon Scott 1890
+
Invalid names: Hypotemnodon Eyerman 1894 [synonym]
G. †Osbornodon Wang 1994
G. †Paraenhydrocyon Wang 1994
G. †Philotrox Merriam 1906
G. †Prohesperocyon Wang 1994
G. †Sunkahetanka Macdonald 1963
G. Plesiocyon Schlosser 1887
G. †Synagodus Cope 1879
+
†Synagodus mansuetus Cope 1879
Invalid names: Amphicyon angustidens Marsh 1871 [nomen vanum], Otocyoninae Trouessart 1885 [empty]
G. †Lycophocyon Tomiya 2011
+
†Lycophocyon hutchisoni Tomiya 2011
Invalid names: Cynoidea Flower 1869 [empty]
G. †Cryptailurus Martin and Lim 2001
+
†Cryptailurus tinaynakti Barrett et al. 2020
Subor. Feliformia Kretzoi 1945
+
Infraor. Aeluroida Flynn and Galiano 1982
+
G. †Ictidopappus Simpson 1935
+
†Ictidopappus mustelinus Simpson 1935
Invalid names: Viverravoidea Wortman and Matthew 1899 [empty]
Unr. Aeluroidea Flower 1869
+
G. †Anictis Kretzoi 1945
+
†Anictis simplicidens Schlosser 1890
G. †Haplogale
+
†Haplogale media Filhol 1882
G. †Herpestides de Beaumont 1967
+
†Herpestides aegypticus Morlo et al. 2007
†Herpestides aequatorialis Schmidt-Kittler 1987
†Herpestides antiquus de Blainville 1842
†Herpestides compactus Morlo 1996
G. †Palaeoprionodon Filhol 1880
+
G. †Shandgolictis Hunt, Jr. 1998
+
†Shandgolictis constans Matthew and Granger 1924
G. †Stenoplesictis Filhol 1880
+
†Stenoplesictis cayluxi Filhol 1880
†Stenoplesictis crocheti Peigné and de Bonis 1999
†Stenoplesictis elegans Matthew and Granger 1924
†Stenoplesictis minor Filhol 1882
†Stenoplesictis muhoronii Schmidt-Kittler 1987
Infraor. Viverroidea Gray 1821
+
Fm. Eupleridae Chenu 1850
+
G. Cryptoprocta Bennett 1833 [fossa]
G. Eupleres Doyère 1835
G. Fossa Gray 1864 [Malagasy civet]
Subfm. Galidiinae Gray 1864
Fm. †Herpestidae Bonaparte 1845 [mongoose]
+
G. Bdeogale Peters 1850
G. Crossarchus Cuvier 1825 [dwarf mongoose]
G. Cynictis Ogilby 1833 [yellow mongoose]
G. Dologale Thomas 1920
G. Galerella Gray 1864 [slender mongoose]
G. Helogale Gray 1861 [dwarf mongoose]
G. Herpestes Illliger 1811
+
Invalid names: Calictis Gray 1864 [synonym], Calogale Gray 1864 [synonym], Onychogale Gray 1864 [synonym], Taeniogale Gray 1864 [synonym], Urva Hodgson 1837 [synonym]
Subfm. Herpestinae Bonaparte 1845
G. Ichneumia Geoffroy 1837
+
Invalid names: Herpestes Cuvier 1829 [replaced]
G. †Legetetia Schmidt-Kittler 1987
G. Liberiictis Hayman 1958
G. Mungos Geoffroy Saint Hilaire and Cuvier 1795
+
Invalid names: Ariela Gray 1864 [synonym]
G. †Paracynictis Pocock 1916
G. Rhynchogale Thomas 1894
+
Invalid names: Rhinogale Gray 1865 [replaced]
G. Suricata Desmarest 1804 [meerkat]
+
Invalid names: Ryzaena Illiger 1811 [synonym]
G. †Ugandictis Morales et al. 2007
G. Xenogale Allen 1919
Fm. Hyaenidae Gray 1821 [hyaena]
+
G. †Adcrocuta Kretzoi 1938
+
Invalid names: Hyena [replaced]
G. †Allohyaena Kretzoi 1938
+
Invalid names: Xenohyaena Kretzoi 1938 [synonym]
G. †Belbus Werdelin and Solunias 1991
G. †Chasmaporthetes Hay 1921
+
Invalid names: Ailuraena Stirton and Christian 1940 [synonym]
G. Crocuta Erxleben 1777 [spotted hyaena]
G. †Euryboas Schaub 1941
G. Hyaena Brisson 1762
+
Invalid names: Euhyaena Falconer 1868 [objective synonym]
G. †Hyaenictis Gaudry 1861
G. †Hyaenictitherium Kretzoi 1938
G. †Hyaenotherium Semenov 1989
Subfm. †Ictitheriinae Dietrich 1927
G. †Ictitherium Wagner 1848
G. †Ikelohyaena Werdelin and Solunias 1991
G. †Leecyaena Young and Liu 1948
G. †Lepthyaena Lydekker 1884
G. †Lycaena Hensel 1863
G. †Lycyaena Hensel 1863
G. †Lycyaenops Kretzoi 1938
G. †Mesoviverrops de Beaumont and Mein 1972
G. †Miohyaenotherium Semenov 1989
G. Pachycrocuta Kretzoi 1938 [brown hyaena]
G. †Palinhyaena Qiu et al. 1979
G. Parahyaena Hendey 1974
G. †Pliocrocuta Kretzoi 1938
G. †Plioviverrops Kretzoi 1938
G. Proteles Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1824
+
Invalid names: Geocyon Wagler 1830 [synonym]
G. †Protoviverrops de Beaumont and Mein 1972
G. †Thalassictis Nordmann 1850
+
Invalid names: Miohyaena Kretzoi 1938 [synonym], Palhyaena Gervais 1859 [synonym]
G. †Tongxinictis Werdelin and Solunias 1991
G. †Tungurictis Colbert 1939
Invalid names: Hyaeninae Mivart 1882 [empty], Protelidae Flower 1869 [synonym]
Fm. Viverridae Gray 1821 [civet]
+
G. †Africanictis Morales et al. 1998
G. †Euboictis Fejfar and Schmidt-Kittler 1984
Subfm. Galidictinae Mivart 1882
Subfm. Genettinae Gray 1864
Subfm. Hemigalinae Gray 1864
G. †Kanuites Dehghani and Werdelin 2008
G. †Ketketictis Morlo et al. 2007
G. †Leptoplesictis Forsyth-Major 1903
Subfm. †Lophocyoninae Fejfar and Schmidt-Kittler 1987
G. †Mioprionodon Schmidt-Kittler 1987
Subfm. Paradoxurinae Gray 1864
G. †Progenetta Deperet 1892
G. †Sahelictis Peigné 2008
G. †Vishnuictis Pilgrim 1932
Subfm. Viverrinae Gray 1821
Invalid names: Arctogalidiinae Pocock 1933 [empty], Cryptoproctinae Gray 1865 [empty], Cynogalinae Gray 1864 [empty], Herpestina Bonaparte 1850 [empty], Hyaenina Gray 1825 [empty], Prionodontinae Gray 1864 [invalid subgroup]
Invalid names: Stenoplesictinae Schlosser 1923 [invalid subgroup]
G. †Alagtsavbaatar Egi et al. 2016
+
†Alagtsavbaatar indigenus Dashzeveg 1996
G. †Asiavorator Spassov and Lange-Badré 1995
+
†Asiavorator gracilis Matthew and Granger 1924
+
Invalid names: Asiavorator altidens Spassov and Lange-Badré 1995 [synonym], Stenoplesictis simplex Dashzeveg 1996 [synonym]
Superfm. Feloidea Hay 1930
+
Fm. Felidae Gray 1821 [cat]
+
G. †Aeluropsis Lydekker 1884
G. Catolynx Severtzov 1858
G. Cynaelurus Gloger 1841
G. †Diamantofelis Morales et al. 1998
+
†Diamantofelis ferox Morales et al. 1998
†Diamantofelis minor Morales et al. 1998
G. †Drepanodon Nesti 1826
+
Invalid names: Machaerodus Kaup 1833 [synonym]
G. †Epimachairodus Kretzoi 1929
Subfm. Felinae Trouessart 1885
+
G. Acinonyx Brookes 1828 [cheetah]
G. Caracal Gray 1843
G. Catopuma Severtzov 1858
G. Felis Linnaeus 1758 [cat]
G. Herpailurus Severtzov 1858
G. Leopardus Gray 1842
G. Leptailurus Severtzov 1858
G. †Leptofelis Salesa et al. 2017
G. Lynx Kerr 1792 [lynx]
+
Invalid names: Lyncus Gray 1825 [synonym]
G. †Miracinonyx Adams 1979 [American cheetah]
G. Neofelis Gray 1867 [clouded leopard]
G. Otocolobus Brandt 1842
G. Panthera Oken 1816
+
Invalid names: Leo Brehm 1829 [synonym], Tigris Gray 1843 [synonym]
G. Pardofelis Severtzov 1858
G. †Pratifelis Hibbard 1934
G. Prionailurus Severtzov 1858
G. †Pristifelis Salesa et al. 2012
G. Puma Jardine 1834 [cougar]
G. †Sivapanthera Kretsoi
G. †Styriofelis Kretzoi 1929
Invalid names: Felini Gray 1825 [empty]
G. †Hyperailurictis Kretzoi 1929
G. †Katifelis Adrian et al. 2018
+
†Katifelis nightingalei Adrian et al. 2018
Subfm. †Machairodontinae Gill 1872
+
G. †Dinofelis Zdansky 1924
G. †Hemimachairodus Koeningswald 1974
Tr. †Machairodontini Gill 1872
G. †Paramachaerodus Pilgrim 1913
G. †Promegantereon Kretzoi 1938
Tr. †Smilodontini Kretzoi 1929
G. †Yoshi Spassov and Geraads 2015
G. †Mellivorodon Lydekker 1884
G. †Miopanthera Kretzoi 1938
+
†Miopanthera lorteti Gaillard 1899
†Miopanthera pamiri Ozansoy 1965
G. †Namafelis Morales et al. 2003
G. Plethaelurus Cope 1882
G. †Proailurus Filhol 1879
+
†Proailurus lemanensis Filhol 1879
G. †Profelis Severtzov 1858
G. †Propontosmilus Kretzoi 1929
G. †Pseudaelurus Leidy 1858
+
†Pseudaelurus aeluroides Macdonald 1954
†Pseudaelurus africanus Andrews 1914
†Pseudaelurus cuspidatus Wang et al. 1998
†Pseudaelurus edwardsi Filhol 1872
†Pseudaelurus guangheensis Cao et al. 1990
†Pseudaelurus marshi Thorpe 1922
†Pseudaelurus quadridentatus de Blainville 1843
†Pseudaelurus romieviensis Roman and Viret 1934
†Pseudaelurus skinneri Rothwell 2003
†Pseudaelurus stouti Schultz and Martin 1972
†Pseudaelurus validus Rothwell 2001
G. †Sivaelurus Pilgrim 1913
G. †Sivafelis Pilgrim 1932
G. †Sivasmilus Kretzoi 1929
G. Uncia Schreber 1775
G. †Vinayakia Pilgrim 1932
G. †Viretailurus Hemmer 1965
G. †Vishnufelis Pilgrim 1932
Invalid names: Pantherinae Pocock 1917 [empty]
Fm. Prionodontidae Horsfield 1824 [asiatic linsang]
+
G. Prionodon Horsfield 1822 [banded linsang]
+
Prionodon gracilis Horsfield 1824
Prionodon linsang Hardwicke 1821 [banded linsang]
+
Invalid names: Prionodon maculosus Blanford 1878 [synonym]
Prionodon pardicolor Hodgson 1842 [spotted linsang]
Invalid names: Linsang Müller 1839 [synonym], Linsanga Lydekker 1896 [synonym], Pardictis Thomas 1925 [synonym]
G. †Stenogale Schlosser 1888
+
†Stenogale bransatensis de Bonis et al. 1999
†Stenogale gracilis Filhol 1877
†Stenogale intermedia Filhol 1877
G. †Viretictis de Bonis et al. 1999
+
†Viretictis gaillardi Viret 1929
†Viretictis julieni Filhol 1879
Fm. Nandiniidae Pocock 1929
+
G. Nandinia Gray 1843 [African palm civet]
+
Nandinia binotata Gray 1832 [African palm civet]
+
Invalid names: Paradoxurus hamiltonii Gray 1852 [synonym]
Fm. †Nimravidae Cope 1880 [false sabre-tooth]
+
G. †Aelurogale Filhol 1872
G. †Archaelurus Cope 1879
+
†Archaelurus debilis Cope 1879
Subfm. †Barbourofelinae Schultz et al. 1970
+
Tr. †Afrosmilini Morales et al. 2001
+
G. †Afrosmilus Kretzoi 1929
+
†Albanosmilus jourdani Filhol 1883
G. †Barbourofelis Schultz et al. 1970
+
†Barbourofelis fricki Schultz et al. 1970
†Barbourofelis loveorum Baskin 1981
†Barbourofelis morrisi Schultz et al. 1970
†Barbourofelis piveteaui Ozansoy 1965
†Barbourofelis vallesiensis de Beaumont and Crusafont-Pairo 1982
†Barbourofelis whitfordi Barbour and Cook 1915
+
Invalid names: Ischyrosmilus osborni Merriam 1919 [synonym]
G. †Ginsburgsmilus Morales et al. 2001
+
†Ginsburgsmilus napakensis Morales et al. 2001
G. †Oriensmilus Wang et al. 2020
+
†Oriensmilus liupanensis Wang et al. 2020
G. †Prosansanosmilus Heizmann et al. 1980
+
†Prosansanosmilus eggeri Morlo et al. 2004
†Prosansanosmilus peregrinus Heizmann et al. 1980
G. †Sansanosmilus Kretzoi 1929
+
†Sansanosmilus jourdani Filhol 1883
†Sansanosmilus palmidens Blainville 1841
G. †Syrtosmilus Ginsburg 1978
+
†Syrtosmilus syrtensis Ginsburg 1978
G. †Vampyrictis Kurten 1976
G. †Maofelis Averianov et al. 2016
+
†Maofelis cantonensis Averianov et al. 2016
Subfm. †Nimravinae Trouessart 1885
+
G. †Dinailurictis Helbing 1922
+
†Dinailurictis bonali Helbing 1922
+
Invalid names: Ailurictis helbingi Kretzoi 1929 [synonym]
G. †Dinictis Leidy 1854
+
†Dinictis cyclops Cope 1879
†Dinictis felina Leidy 1854
+
Invalid names: Dinictis bombifrons Adams 1895 [synonym], Dinictis fortis Adams 1895 [synonym], Dinictis paucidens Riggs 1896 [synonym]
†Dinictis squalidens Cope 1873
Invalid names: Daptophilus Cope 1873 [synonym]
G. †Eofelis Kretzoi 1938
+
†Eofelis edwardsii Filhol 1872
†Eofelis giganteus Peigné 2000
Tr. †Hoplophoneini Kretzoi 1929
+
G. †Eusmilus Gervais 1876
+
Invalid names: Ekgmoiteptecela Macdonald 1963 [synonym]
G. †Hoplophoneus Cope 1874
+
Invalid names: Dinotomius Williston 1895 [synonym]
G. †Nanosmilus Martin 1992
+
†Nanosmilus kurteni Martin 1992
G. †Pogonodon Cope 1880
+
†Pogonodon cismontanus Thorpe 1920
†Pogonodon davisi Merriam 1906
+
Invalid names: Pogonodon eileenae Macdonald 1970 [synonym], Pogonodon serrulidens Eaton 1922 [synonym]
†Pogonodon platycopis Cope 1879
G. †Quercylurus Ginsburg 1979
+
†Quercylurus major Ginsburg 1979
Invalid names: Hoplophoneinae [synonym]
Tr. †Nimravini Cope 1880
+
G. †Dinaelurus Eaton 1922
+
†Dinaelurus crassus Eaton 1922
G. †Nimravus Cope 1879
+
†Nimravus brachyops Cope 1878
+
Invalid names: Dinictis major Lucas 1898 [synonym], Nimravus altidens Macdonald 1950 [synonym], Nimravus bumpensis Scott and Jepsen 1936 [synonym], Nimravus confertus Cope 1880 [synonym], Nimravus gomphodus Cope 1880 [synonym], Nimravus meridianus Stock 1933 [synonym]
†Nimravus intermedius Filhol 1872
†Nimravus mongoliensis Gromova 1959
†Nimravus sectator Matthew 1907
Invalid names: Nimravinus Kretzoi 1945 [synonym]
G. †Pangurban Poust et al. 2022
+
†Pangurban egiae Poust et al. 2022
Invalid names: Eusmilus insignis Filhol 1876 [nomen nudum]
Fm. †Palaeogalidae Martin and Lim 2001
+
G. †Palaeogale von Meyer 1846
+
†Palaeogale dorothiae Macdonald 1963
†Palaeogale evanoffi Welsh 2021
†Palaeogale felina Filhol 1877
†Palaeogale hyaenoides Dehm 1950
†Palaeogale minuta Gervais 1848
†Palaeogale sanguinarius Loomis 1932
†Palaeogale sectoria Gervais 1848
+
Invalid names: Bunaelurus infelix Matthew 1903 [synonym], Bunaelurus parvulus Matthew and Granger 1924 [synonym], Bunaelurus ulysses Matthew and Granger 1924 [synonym]
Invalid names: Bunaelurus Cope 1873 [synonym]
Invalid names: Didymictida Flynn and Galiano 1982 [empty]
Subor. Fissipedia Blumenbach 1791
+
Invalid names: Arctictidae Cope 1889 [empty], Bassarididae Cope 1889 [empty], Cynictidae Cope 1882 [empty]
Superfm. †Miacoidea Cope
+
Fm. †Miacidae Cope 1880
+
G. †Eogale Beard and Dawson 2009
+
†Eogale parydros Beard and Dawson 2009
Subfm. †Miacinae Cope 1880
+
G. †Paroodectes Springhorn 1980
G. †Miocyon Matthew 1909
+
†Miocyon magnus Bryant 1992
†Miocyon major Matthew 1909
†Miocyon scotti Wortman and Matthew 1899
†Miocyon vallisrubrae Friscia and Rasmussen 2010
G. †Pappidictops Chiu and Li 1977
G. †Simamphicyon Viret 1942
+
†Simamphicyon helveticus Pictet and Humbert 1869
Subfm. †Viverravinae Matthew 1909
+
G. †Pappictidops Qiu and Li 1977
+
†Pappictidops acies Wang 1978
†Pappictidops obtusus Wang 1978
†Pappictidops orientalis Qiu and Li 1977
G. †Monachiopsis Kretzoi 1941
Fm. †Percrocutidae Werdelin and Solounias 1991
+
G. †Dinocrocuta Schmidt-Kittler 1976
G. †Percrocuta Kretzoi 1938
+
†Percrocuta australis Hendey 1974
†Percrocuta hebeiensis Chen and Wu 1976
†Percrocuta primordialis Qiu and Cao 1988
G. †Pseudailurus Gervais 1848
G. †Pristinictis Fox and Youzwyshyn 1994
+
†Pristinictis connata Fox and Youzwyshyn 1994
G. †Ravenictis Fox and Youzwyshyn 1994
+
†Ravenictis krausei Fox and Youzwyshyn 1994
G. †Thos Bogachev
Invalid names: Eosictis Scott 1945 [nomen dubium], Felidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Phocidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Protelidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Protoferi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Ursina Gray 1825 [empty], Ursocanidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Viverra memphitis Linnaeus 1758 [nomen vanum]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Maximum body mass: 300 kgs
Minimum body mass: 100 kgs
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingo
Diet: carnivoreo
Diet 2: omnivoreo
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Comments: life habit and diet based on Nowak 1999 o
Created: 2005-08-26 13:31:06
Modified: 2005-08-26 15:31:06
Source: s = species, o = order, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Martin 1990, Lillegraven 1979, Carroll 1988, Ji et al. 2002, Nowak 1999, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Puercan to the top of the Holocene or 66.00000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 63.3 Ma

Collections (4920 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Puercan66.0 - 63.3Canada (Saskatchewan) Carnivora indet., Ravenictis krausei (14768)
Early/Lower Paleocene66.0 - 61.7China (Guangdong) Pappictidops acies, Pappictidops obtusus (140273 176607)
Early/Lower Paleocene66.0 - 61.7China (Anhui) Pappictidops orientalis (132943 146556)
Danian66.0 - 61.6USA (North Dakota) Miacidae indet., Viverravinae indet. (14962)
Cenozoic66.0 - 0.0Mongolia (South Gobi Aimag) Carnivora indet. (137861)
Torrejonian63.3 - 61.7USA (Montana) Ictidopappus mustelinus (14906)
Torrejonian63.3 - 61.7USA (Texas) Protictis sp. (14887)
Ti161.7 - 56.8Canada (Alberta) Pristinictis connata (14939)
Tiffanian61.7 - 56.8USA (Wyoming) Didymictis sp. (14999) Viverravinae indet. (15032 15049)
Tiffanian61.7 - 56.8USA (Montana) Protictis sp. (15048)
Tiffanian61.7 - 56.8USA (North Dakota) Miacidae indet. (14931)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8United Kingdom Miacidae indet. (87950)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8France (Île-de-France) Miacidae indet. (68437)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8United Kingdom (England) Viverridae indet., Miacidae indet. (133368)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8France (Marne) Miacidae indet. (35533 35535)
Graybullian55.8 - 50.3USA (Wyoming) Carnivora indet. (15878)
Lostcabinian55.8 - 50.3USA (Wyoming) Carnivora indet. (15917) Uintacyon sp. (15915 15930 16078) Viverravinae indet. (16073)
Lysitean - Lostcabinian55.8 - 50.3USA (Wyoming) Miacidae indet. (15451)
Wasatchian55.8 - 50.3USA (Colorado) Miacidae indet. (15282)
Wasatchian55.8 - 50.3USA (Wyoming) Carnivora indet. (15886 15936 46740 46757 46846) Miacidae indet. (15515 15673 118482 186931 186933 186935) Miacidae indet., Uintacyon sp. (15493) Miacinae indet. (15559 16022) Uintacyon sp. (15504 15575 15577 15578 15793 16062)