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Fukuivenator paradoxus
Taxonomy
Fukuivenator paradoxus was named by Azuma et al. (2016) [A relatively small theropod with the following unique features: 1. unusually large external naris (slightly smaller than antorbital fenestra in dorsoventral height); 2. large premaxillary fenestra subequal in size to maxillary fenestra; 3. large oval lacrimal pneumatic recess posterodorsal to the maxillary fenestra on antorbital fossa medial wall; 4. lacrimal with a distinct groove on lateral surface of anterior process and a ridge on lateral surface of descending process; 5. postorbital frontal process with T-shaped-cross section and laterally-flanged squamosal process; 6. an elongate tubercle on posterior surface of basal tuber of the basicranial region; 7. highly heterodont dentition featuring robust unserrated teeth including small spatulate anterior teeth, large and posteriorly curved middle teeth, and small and nearly symmetrical posterior teeth; 8. cervical vertebrae with a complex lamina system surrounding the neural canal resulting in deep and wide grooves for interspinous ligaments and additional deep sockets; 9. anterior cervical vertebrae with interprezygapophyseal, postzygadiapophyseal, prezygadiapohyseal, and interpostzygapophyseal laminae connecting to each other to form an extensive platform; 10. anterior and middle cervical vertebrae with transversely bifid neural spines; 11. dorsal, sacral, and anterior caudal vertebrae with strongly laterally curved hyposphene and centropostzygapophyseal laminae that, together with the postzygapophyseal facet, form a socket-like structure for receiving the prezygapophysis; 12. dorsoventrally bifurcated sacral ribs; 13. caudal zygapophyseal facets expanded to be substantially wider than the zygapophyseal processes; and 14. middle caudal vertebrae with transversely and distally bifid prezygapophyses.]. Its type specimen is FPDM-V8461, a skeleton (a disarticulated but closely associated skeleton found within a 50 by 50 cm area, preserved elements include: incomplete right premaxilla with two isolated prem), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Kitadani Dinosaur Quarry (upper, BB III), which is in an Aptian terrestrial sandstone in the Kitadani Formation of Japan. It is the type species of Fukuivenator.
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 2016 | Fukuivenator paradoxus Azuma et al. fig. 1 |
| 2017 | Fukuivenator paradoxus Sano and Yabe p. 258 |
| 2020 | Fukuivenator paradoxus Hattori and Azuma p. 7 |
| 2020 | Fukuivenator paradoxus Sakagami and Kawabe p. 12 |
| 2021 | Fukuivenator paradoxus Hattori et al. p. 4–5 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
†Fukuivenator paradoxus Azuma et al. 2016
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Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| S. Hattori et al. 2021 | A maniraptoran theropod with following autapomorphies (Fig. 3): 1. large maxillary fenestra expanded well dorsally above the suprantral strut; 2. large oval lacrimal foramen on antorbital fossa medial wall; 3. jugal anterior ramus with thick and rounded dorsal margin continuous with the lateral surface; 4. bifid posterior end of ectopterygoid for contact with pterygoid; 5. highly heterodont dentition featuring robust unserrated teeth including small spatulate anterior teeth, large and posteriorly curved middle teeth, and small and nearly symmetrical posterior teeth; 6. mid-posterior cervical vertebrae with a complex lamina system surrounding the neural canal resulting in deep and wide grooves for interspinous ligaments
and additional deep sockets; 7. anterior cervical vertebrae with intraprezygapophyseal, postzygodiapophyseal, prezygodiapophyseal, and intrapostzygapophyseal laminae connecting to each other to form an extensive platform; 8. middle and posterior cervical vertebrae with transversely bifid neural spines; 9. dorsal, sacral, and anterior caudal vertebrae with strongly laterally curved hyposphene and centropostzygapophyseal laminae that, together with the postzygapophyseal facet, form a socket-like structure for receiving the prezygapophysis; 10. dorsoventrally bifid sacral ribs; 11. caudal zygapophyseal facets expanded to be substantially wider than the zygapophyseal processes; and 12. middle caudal vertebrae with transversely and distally bifid prezygapophyses. The autapomorphies 2 and 5–12 follow Azuma et al. (2016). |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: subo = suborder, o = order | |||||
| References: Marsh 1875, Benton 1983 | |||||