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Notiomastodon platensis

Mammalia - Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae

Taxonomy
Mastodon platensis was named by Ameghino (1888).

It was recombined as Stegomastodon platensis by Cabrera (1929) and Zurita et al. (2004); it was recombined as Notiomastodon platensis by Ferreti (2008), Mothé et al. (2012) and Mothé et al. (2016).

Synonyms
  • Haplomastodon waringi was named by Holland (1920).

    It was recombined as Stegomastodon waringi by Holand (1920) and Alberdi and Prado (1995); it was synonymized subjectively with Haplomastodon chimborazi by Ficarelli (1994); it was synonymized subjectively with Notiomastodon platensis by Mothé et al. (2012) and Mothé et al. (2016).
  • Haplomastodon chimborazi was named by Proaño (1922).

    It was synonymized objectively with Haplomastodon waringi by Simpson and Paula-Couto (1957); it was synonymized subjectively with Notiomastodon platensis by Mothé et al. (2012) and Mothé et al. (2016).
  • Haplomastodon (Aleamastodon) guayasensis was named by Hoffstetter (1952). Its type specimen is EPN V. 2010, a partial skeleton, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is La Carolina, which is in a Pleistocene estuary/bay sandstone/tar in Ecuador.

    It was synonymized subjectively with Haplomastodon chimborazi by Ficarelli et al. (1994).
  • Amahuacatherium peruvium was named by Romero-Pittman (1996). It is not extant. Its type specimen is INGEMMET N. 2801, a mandible (Mandibles with dentition, lacking ascending rami and symphysis; partial M3's, and postcranial fragments).

    It was synonymized subjectively with Notiomastodon platensis by Mothé and Avilla (2015).
  • Mastodon bonaerensis was named by Moreno (1888).

    It was synonymized subjectively with Mastodon platensis by Ameghino (1889).
  • Mastodon superbus was named by Ameghino (1888).

    It was recombined as Stegomastodon superbus by Cabrera (1930); it was synonymized subjectively with Notiomastodon platensis by Mothé et al. (2012).
  • Notiomastodon ornatus was named by Cabrera (1929) [Playa del Barco, Monte Hermoso but specific locality unknown]. It is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Playa del Barco, which is in a Pleistocene terrestrial horizon in Argentina.

    It was synonymized subjectively with Notiomastodon platensis by Mothé et al. (2012).
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1888Mastodon platensis Ameghino
1888Mastodon superbus Ameghino
1888Mastodon bonaerensis Moreno
1920Stegomastodon waringi Holand
1920Haplomastodon waringi Holland
1922Haplomastodon chimborazi Proaño
1929Notiomastodon ornatus Cabrera
1929Stegomastodon platensis Cabrera
1930Stegomastodon superbus Cabrera
1952Haplomastodon chimborazi Hoffstetter p. 192
1952Haplomastodon (Aleamastodon) guayasensis Hoffstetter p. 208 figs. Fig. 47,48,50,52-58. Pl. VII, fig. 6-9
1956Haplomastodon waringi Paula Couto p. 106
1995Stegomastodon waringi Alberdi and Prado
1996Amahuacatherium peruvium Romero-Pittman
2004Stegomastodon platensis Zurita et al.
2008Notiomastodon platensis Ferreti
2012Notiomastodon platensis Mothé et al.
2016Notiomastodon platensis Mothé et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
RankNameAuthor
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—AfrotheriaStanhope et al. 1998
—Tethytheria
orderProboscidea()
familyGomphotheriidaeHay 1922
subfamilyCuvieroniinaeCabrera 1929
genusNotiomastodon
speciesplatensis(Ameghino 1888)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Notiomastodon platensis Ameghino 1888
show all | hide all
Invalid names: Amahuacatherium peruvium Romero-Pittman 1996 [synonym], Haplomastodon chimborazi Proaño 1922 [synonym], Mastodon bonaerensis Moreno 1888 [synonym], Notiomastodon ornatus Cabrera 1929 [synonym], Stegomastodon superbus Ameghino 1888 [synonym], Stegomastodon waringi Holland 1920 [synonym]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
Romero-Pittman 1996 (Amahuacatherium peruvium)Gomphotheriid with mandibles short (brevirostrine condition), very shallow below M3, with total depth approximately two-thirds of width. Lower tusks present, rooted under and immediately medial to posterior portion of M2, with roots with relatively large dorsal groove above longitudinal axes. M3 with 5 lophids and a terminal cone (or half lophid), all lophids anteriorly convex, primary cones slender and inclined anteriad; and post trite cones placed anterior to pretrite cones; separation of apexes of primary cones in each lophid equal to height of individual cones; accessory buttressing conules present on all ptretrite cones; trefoiling on all pretrite cones with moderate wear, incipient trefoiling on some posttrite cones with moderate to extreme wear; multiple small conules in lingual valleys; anterior and labial cingular, but no lingual cingulum. M2 with posterior lophid with pretrite trefoiling, no posttrite trefoiling, multiple small conules, and no lingual or labial cingulae. Upper third molars with multiple small conules.
D. Mothé et al. 2012A species of gomphothere that differs from the species of Rhynchotherium
and Gomphotherium in having no lower tusks. It differs from the species of Cuvieronius by the absence of spiraled torsion and spiral enamel band in upper tusks. It differs from the species of Rhynchotherium, Gomphotherium, and Cuvieronius by having a brachycephalic skull with a high parieto-occipital region (“elephantoid” condition, also cited by Ferretti, 2008), and molar teeth
more complex and with larger number of cones. It differs from Stegomastodon texanus and the species of Sinomastodon by the loss of the supraorbitals foramen. Differs from S. texanus by possessing a higher land more anteriorly oriented ascending ramus and the posterior opening of the mandibular canal (mandibular foramen), placed more dorsal on the medial side of the ascending ramus.
Measurements
partNmeanminimummaximummedians.d.
Cranium, Max height of cranium from vertex to external-inferior margin of occip height1495.0----
Cranium, Max height of nasal cavities height146.0----
Cranium, Max longitudinal diameter of premaxillae diameter471.543.0216.053.083.3
Cranium, Max longitudinal diameter of temporal fossa at level of jugal arcade diameter5112.578.0293.098.091.8
Cranium, Max orbital diameter diameter1190.0----
Cranium, Max orbital height height488.245.6217.080.277.3
Distal upper incisor diameter257.951.265.558.410.1
Proximal upper incisor diameter1123.0----
moveable osteoderm height45.424.306.805.551.39

Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: browserf
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-08-31 15:21:50
Modified: 2005-08-31 17:21:50
Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Lambert and Shoshani 1998, Ji et al. 2002, Lillegraven 1979

Age range: base of the Chasicoan to the top of the Holocene or 10.00000 to 0.00000 Ma

Collections (158 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Neogene23.03 - 2.58Brazil (Acre) Notiomastodon platensis (217882)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Brazil (Acre) Amahuacatherium peruvium (55602)
Late/Upper Miocene - Pliocene11.608 - 2.588Brazil (Acre) Notiomastodon platensis (217881)
Chasicoan10.0 - 9.0Peru (Madre de Dios) Amahuacatherium peruvium (144515)
Huayquerian8.0 - 5.0Brazil (Acre) Notiomastodon platensis (65139)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Argentina (Córdoba) Notiomastodon platensis (232470)
Pleistocene (interglacial)2.588 - 0.0117Ecuador (Carchi) Haplomastodon chimborazi (133632 133655)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Brazil (Bahia) Notiomastodon platensis (212327) Stegomastodon waringi (148310)
Pleistocene (interglacial)2.588 - 0.0117Ecuador (Pichincha) Haplomastodon chimborazi (133634 133635 133639 133647 133653 133654)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Brazil (Minas Gerais) Notiomastodon platensis (213203 213204)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Brazil (Sergipe) Stegomastodon waringi (187597)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Colombia (Nariño) Notiomastodon platensis (232597)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Colombia (Huila) Notiomastodon platensis (232596)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Argentina (Buenos Aires) Notiomastodon platensis (212469 213420 232452)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Brazil (Espirito Santo) Haplomastodon chimborazi (71293)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Chile (Cautin) Notiomastodon platensis (145181)
Pleistocene (interglacial)2.588 - 0.0117Ecuador (Chimborazo) Haplomastodon chimborazi (133644)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Argentina (Entre Ríos) Stegomastodon platensis (140923)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Brazil (Minas Geraes) Haplomastodon waringi (22633 151541)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Brazil (Acre) Notiomastodon platensis (65146 217634 217635 217829 217834 217837 217838 217854)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Venezuela Notiomastodon platensis (213261)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Argentina Notiomastodon platensis (213265 213266 213279 213285 213421 213422 213424 213425 213445 213453 213456 213458 213461 213462 213480 213484 213493 213494)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Colombia (Boyacá) Haplomastodon waringi (146529)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Colombia (Cuaca) Notiomastodon platensis (232595)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Colombia (Bolivar) Stegomastodon waringi (146528)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Colombia (Atlantico) Haplomastodon waringi (145518)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Brazil (Pernambuco) Haplomastodon chimborazi (71275 71276)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Brazil (Alagoas) Notiomastodon platensis (230755)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Peru (Arequipa) Stegomastodon waringi (145507)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Brazil (Ceara) Notiomastodon platensis (236300)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Peru (Ica) Stegomastodon waringi (145506)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.588 - 0.0Brazil (Bahia) Notiomastodon platensis (230712)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.588 - 0.0Brazil (Sao Paulo) Stegomastodon waringi (147609)
Quaternary2.58 - 0.0Brazil (Acre) Notiomastodon platensis (137876)
Ensenadan1.75 - 0.4Argentina (Buenos Aires) Notiomastodon platensis (212461 212780 213446)
Ensenadan1.75 - 0.4Argentina Notiomastodon platensis (213459 213464 213474)
Ensenadan - Lujanian1.75 - 0.012Argentina Stegomastodon waringi, Notiomastodon platensis (203949)
Lujanian0.781 - 0.012Peru (Piura) Stegomastodon waringi (145502)
Lujanian0.781 - 0.012Argentina (Buenos Aires) Notiomastodon platensis (71279 142142 198875) Stegomastodon superbus (71303)
Lujanian0.781 - 0.012Colombia Haplomastodon chimborazi (71291) Notiomastodon platensis (230785 230940 230942 230943)
Lujanian0.781 - 0.012Argentina (Entre Ríos) Notiomastodon platensis (203956) Notiomastodon sp. (203952)
Lujanian0.781 - 0.012Argentina (Santa Fe) Notiomastodon platensis (212353)
Lujanian0.781 - 0.012Uruguay (Colonia) Notiomastodon platensis (226120)
Lujanian0.781 - 0.012Argentina Notiomastodon platensis (213427)
Lujanian0.781 - 0.012Argentina (Chaco) Stegomastodon platensis (78578 78579)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117Uruguay (Montevideo) Stegomastodon waringi (120884)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117Ecuador (Manabi) Haplomastodon chimborazi (67633)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Argentina (Buenos Aires) Notiomastodon ornatus (189517) Notiomastodon platensis (125395 212841)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Chile (O'Higgins) Mammutidae indet. (71280)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Peru Notiomastodon platensis (213504 213505)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Argentina (Santiago del Estero) Stegomastodon platensis (191153)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Brazil (Acre) Notiomastodon platensis (203911)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Brazil (Bahia) Notiomastodon platensis (213202)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Chile Notiomastodon platensis (213214 213225 213226 213232 213236 213242 213250 213255 213259) Stegomastodon platensis (190058 190059)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) Stegomastodon waringi (147598 147600 151514)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (glacial)0.129 - 0.0117Brazil (Bahia) Stegomastodon waringi (136498 137121)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Chile (Santiago) Notiomastodon platensis (213230 213231)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Brazil (Pernambuco) Notiomastodon platensis (230715) Stegomastodon waringi (195186)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Brazil (Minas Gerais) Stegomastodon waringi (140355)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Colombia (Cundinamarca) Haplomastodon waringi (190375)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Uruguay Notiomastodon platensis (213497 213498)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Venezuela Haplomastodon chimborazi (71350)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Ecuador (Santa Elena) Haplomastodon guayasensis (133630) Notiomastodon platensis (213207)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Brazil (Alagoas) Notiomastodon platensis (230760)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Brazil (Rio Grand do Sul) Notiomastodon platensis (211308)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Uruguay (Montevideo) Stegomastodon waringi (211645)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Uruguay (Cerro Largo) Stegomastodon waringi (139660)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Argentina Notiomastodon platensis (213463 213473 213496)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (glacial)0.129 - 0.0117Brazil (Minas Gerais) Stegomastodon waringi (140354 140357 140358)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul) Stegomastodon waringi (140356)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Brazil (Piaui) Haplomastodon waringi (71333) Haplomastodon waringi, Haplomastodon chimborazi (71335)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Venezuela (Falcon) Stegomastodon sp. (71282 71283)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Ecuador Notiomastodon platensis (190064)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene0.129 - 0.0Brazil (Rio Grande do Norte) Stegomastodon waringi (93235)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene (glacial)0.129 - 0.0Brazil (Bahia) Stegomastodon waringi (136420)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene0.129 - 0.0Brazil (Bahia) Notiomastodon platensis (212449)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene0.129 - 0.0Ecuador (Carchi) Notiomastodon platensis (213209)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene0.129 - 0.0Brazil (Sergipe) Notiomastodon platensis (147191)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene0.129 - 0.0Argentina (Santiago del Estero) Notiomastodon platensis (216693)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Brazil (Acre) Notiomastodon platensis (217863 217867)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Chile Notiomastodon platensis (213216)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Brazil (Bahia) Stegomastodon waringi (147605)