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Cryptobranchidae (hellbender)

Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Urodela

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1889Cryptobranchidae Cope
1946Cryptobranchiidae Kuhn p. 53
1977Cryptobranchidae Holman p. 159
1981Cryptobranchidae Estes p. 13
1988Cryptobranchidae Carroll
1990Cryptobranchidae Holman et al. p. 522
1996Cryptobranchidae Frank and Ramus
2001Cryptobranchidae Gao and Shubin p. 576
2003Cryptobranchidae Gao and Shubin p. 424
2008Cryptobranchidae Böhme p. 165
2012Cryptobranchidae Skutschas and Gubin
2012Cryptobranchidae Vasilyan and Böhme

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
RankNameAuthor
—Tetrapoda
classAmphibia
orderTemnospondyli()
—Lissamphibia()
—Batrachia(Macartney 1802)
—Caudata(Scopoli 1777)
familyUrodela()
—Cryptobranchoidea
familyCryptobranchidaeCope 1889
familyCryptobranchidaeCope 1889

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. Cryptobranchidae Cope 1889 [hellbender]
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G. Andrias Tschudi 1837 [giant salamander]
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†Andrias bohemicus Laube 1897
Andrias davidianus Blanchard 1871 [Chinese giant salamander]
Andrias japonicus Temminck 1836 [Japanese giant salamander]
†Andrias matthewi Cook 1917
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Invalid names: Cryptobranchus mccalli Tihen and Chantell 1963 [synonym]
†Andrias scheuchzeri Tschudi 1837
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Invalid names: Andrias tschudi von Meyer 1859 [synonym]
Invalid names: Megalobatrachus Tschudi 1837 [synonym]
Subfm. †Aviturinae Gubin 1991
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G. †Aviturus Gubin 1991
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†Aviturus exsecratus Gubin 1991
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Invalid names: Ulanurus fractus Gubin 1991 [synonym]
Invalid names: Ulanurus Gubin 1991 [synonym]
G. †Zaissanurus Tschernov 1959
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†Zaissanurus beliajevae Chernov 1959
G. Cryptobranchus Leuckart 1821 [hellbender]
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Cryptobranchus alleganiensis Daudin 1803 [hellbender]
†Cryptobranchus guildayi Holman 1977
Invalid names: Plicagnathus Cook 1917 [synonym], Sieboldia Blanchard 1871 [synonym]
G. †Eoscapherpeton Nessov 1981
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†Eoscapherpeton asiaticum Nessov 1981
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Invalid names: Mynbulakia surgayi Nessov 1981 [synonym]
†Eoscapherpeton superum Nessov 1997
Invalid names: Mynbulakia Nessov 1981 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: brackish, freshwater, terrestrialuc
Locomotion: actively mobilesubo
Life habit: amphibioussubo
Diet: carnivoresubo
Dispersal: waterc
Created: 2009-07-20 21:44:54
Modified: 2009-07-20 23:44:54
Source: subo = suborder, c = class, subp = subphylum, uc = unranked clade
References: Uhen 2004, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Middle Cenomanian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 99.60000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 93.5 Ma

Collections (37 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Uzbekistan (Navoi) Mynbulakia nongratis (58208)
Middle Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5USA (Texas) Cryptobranchidae indet. (172153)
Middle Turonian - Late/Upper Turonian93.5 - 89.3Uzbekistan (Navoi) Eoscapherpeton asiaticum (58164) Eoscapherpeton asiaticum, Mynbulakia surgayi (58179) Mynbulakia surgayi (46959)
Santonian - Early/Lower Campanian86.3 - 70.6Kazakhstan (Qyzylorda) Eoscapherpeton sp. (68826)
Early/Lower Santonian85.8 - 83.5Tajikistan (Sogd) Eoscapherpeton sp. b, Eoscapherpeton superum (58701)
Ti461.7 - 56.8Canada (Saskatchewan) Cryptobranchus saskatchewanensis (14978)
Gashatan58.7 - 55.8Mongolia (Omnogovi) Aviturus exsecratus, Ulanurus fractus (142316)
Clarkforkian56.2 - 54.9USA (Wyoming) Cryptobranchus saskatchewanensis (190422)
Late/Upper Oligocene28.4 - 23.03Kazakhstan (Aktyubinsk) Cryptobranchidae indet. (175920)
MP 3028.4 - 23.03Germany (Bavaria) Andrias scheuchzeri (84364)
MP 3028.4 - 23.03Germany (North Rhine-Westfalia) Andrias scheuchzeri (84606)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97Germany Andrias scheuchzeri (70332 70337 70338)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Czech Republic (Ústí nad Labem) Andrias bohemicus (185325)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Germany (Baden-Württemberg) Andrias scheuchzeri (49102 69098)
Early/Lower Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (Nebraska) Andrias matthewi (17923 27418)
Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (Nebraska) Plicagnathus matthewi (17969)
Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (Colorado) Andrias matthewi (17965)
Barstovian16.3 - 12.5Canada (Saskatchewan) Cryptobranchus matthewi (75873)
Barstovian16.3 - 12.5USA (Nebraska) Cryptobranchus mccalli (18284)
MN 515.97 - 13.65Germany Andrias scheuchzeri (46955)
Sarmatian12.7 - 11.608Hungary (Pecs Megyei Varos) Andrias scheuchzeri (59664)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Germany (Bavaria) Andrias scheuchzeri (206345)
Vallesian11.608 - 8.7Ukraine (Khmel'nitsk'yi) Andrias scheuchzeri (48446)
Turolian8.7 - 5.333Greece (Central Macedonia) Cryptobranchidae indet. (32189)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.588Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia) Andrias sp. (199747)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117USA (West Virginia) Cryptobranchus guildayi, Cryptobranchus alleganiensis (124319) Cryptobranchus sp. (123875)
Irvingtonian1.8 - 0.3USA (Maryland) Cryptobranchus guildayi (20302)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Virginia) Cryptobranchus alleganiensis (124089)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Alabama) Cryptobranchus alleganiensis (84181)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene0.129 - 0.0USA (Virginia) Cryptobranchus allegheniensis (104689)