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Glyptops
Taxonomy
Glyptops was named by Marsh (1890). Its type is Compsemys plicatulus.
It was synonymized subjectively with Compsemys by Hay (1902).
It was assigned to Baenidae by Delair (1958); to Glyptopsidae by Marsh (1890), Gaffney (1979) and Carroll (1988); to Paracryptodira by Pérez-García et al. (2008), Anquetin et al. (2009) and Pérez-García (2012); to Testudinata by Perea et al. (2014); and to Pleurosternidae by Hay (1908), Hay (1930), Yeh (1963), Brinkman et al. (2000), Milner (2004), Lucas et al. (2006), Joyce (2007), Pérez-García and Ortega (2011), Lyson and Joyce (2011), Pérez-García and Ortega (2011), Anquetin (2012), Karl et al. (2012), Pérez-García et al. (2015) and Joyce and Anquetin (2019).
It was synonymized subjectively with Compsemys by Hay (1902).
It was assigned to Baenidae by Delair (1958); to Glyptopsidae by Marsh (1890), Gaffney (1979) and Carroll (1988); to Paracryptodira by Pérez-García et al. (2008), Anquetin et al. (2009) and Pérez-García (2012); to Testudinata by Perea et al. (2014); and to Pleurosternidae by Hay (1908), Hay (1930), Yeh (1963), Brinkman et al. (2000), Milner (2004), Lucas et al. (2006), Joyce (2007), Pérez-García and Ortega (2011), Lyson and Joyce (2011), Pérez-García and Ortega (2011), Anquetin (2012), Karl et al. (2012), Pérez-García et al. (2015) and Joyce and Anquetin (2019).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1877 | Compsemys plicatulus Cope p. 195 |
| 1878 | Compsemys plicatulus Cope pp. 247-248 |
| 1890 | Glyptops plicatulus Marsh |
| 1890 | Glyptops Marsh pp. 177-178 |
| 1902 | Compsemys plicatulus Hay p. 437 |
| 1908 | Glyptops Hay pp. 45-46 |
| 1908 | Glyptops plicatulus Hay pp. 46-47 figs. Plates 5, 6; text-figs. 17-27 |
| 1909 | Glyptops plicatulus Hay |
| 1930 | Glyptops Hay p. 70 |
| 1930 | Glyptops plicatulus Hay p. 70 |
| 1958 | Glyptops Delair p. 51 |
| 1963 | Glyptops Yeh |
| 1970 | Glyptops plicatulus Ostrom pp. 59-60 |
| 1979 | Glyptops Gaffney pp. 103-105 |
| 1979 | Glyptops plicatulus Gaffney pp. 105-106 |
| 1988 | Glyptops Carroll |
| 2000 | Glyptops Brinkman et al. p. 272 fig. 5 |
| 2004 | Glyptops Milner p. 1445 |
| 2004 | Glyptops plicatulus Milner p. 1452 |
| 2006 | Glyptops Lucas et al. p. 97 |
| 2006 | Glyptops plicatulus Lucas et al. p. 98 |
| 2007 | Glyptops Joyce |
| 2008 | Glyptops Pérez-García et al. |
| 2008 | Glyptops plicatulus Pérez-García et al. |
| 2009 | Glyptops Anquetin et al. |
| 2011 | Glyptops Lyson and Joyce p. 792 |
| 2011 | Glyptops Pérez-García and Ortega |
| 2011 | Glyptops plicatulus Pérez-García and Ortega |
| 2011 | Glyptops Pérez-García and Ortega p. 66 |
| 2012 | Glyptops Anquetin p. 28 fig. 10 |
| 2012 | Glyptops Karl et al. |
| 2012 | Glyptops Pérez-García |
| 2014 | Glyptops Perea et al. |
| 2014 | Glyptops plicatulus Perea et al. |
| 2015 | Glyptops Pérez-García et al. |
| 2019 | Glyptops Joyce and Anquetin |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Glyptops Marsh 1890
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Invalid names: Glyptops plicatulus Cope 1877 [nomen dubium]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| O. P. Hay 1908 | Carapace deprest. Exposed surfaces of the shell rough with small tubercles and twisted ridges. Neurals hexagonal, with the broad end m front. Costo-marginal sulci mostly below the costo-peripheral sutures. Axillary buttresses reaching border of first costals. Inguinal buttresses each entering an excavation at lower borders of fifth and sixth costals. Mesoplastrals joining extensively at the midline. Bridge about twice as broad as long. Inframarginals almost wholly on the plastral bones. Plastron with hinder lobe not shortened and not notcht behind. Pelvis not suturally articulated with the plastral bones. Skull pointed anteriorly; most of its surface bones finely tuberculated. Bones of lower jaw smooth; the symphysis short. | |
| E. S. Gaffney 1979 | A glyptopsid turtle that differs from Mesochelys (see table 2) the only other genus in the Glyptopsidae, in the following features: hooked premaxillae; narrower interorbital distance; small or absent nasal-prefrontal contact; narrower maxillary triturating surface relatively large palatine; jugal widely separated from orbit by well-developed postorbital-maxilla contact; carapace with smooth outline; xiphiplastral notch absent. External surface of skull and shell with a distinctive ornamentation consisting of tubercles and raised ridges in a vermiculate pattern as in Trinitichelys; carapace oval (shell poorly known in Mesochelys, see table 1), nuchal bone slightly indented anteriorly, as in Dinochelys; eight neural bones present; two suprapygals, the anterior one large and triangular as in Dinochelys but in contrast to Pleurosternon; nuchal scute rectangular, no accessory nuchal scutes as in Plesiochelys; supramarginal scutes absent; last vertebral scute barely enclosed by tapering marginal scutes; plastral fontanelles absent, at least in presumed adults; anterior lobe of plastron smoothly convex, not produced into lobes as in Dinochelys; mesoplastra meet in midline; and Mesochelys, absent; dorsal surface of
xiphiplastral notch, as seen in Pleurosternon xiphiplastron with facet for seemingly movable articulation with pubis, sutural attachment between shell and pelvis absent; one pair of intergular scutes, barely extending onto entoplastron, and widely separating gular scutes; inframarginal scutes absent. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: g = genus | |||||
| Reference: Lucas et al. 2006 | |||||
Age range: base of the Early/Lower Tithonian to the top of the Campanian or 150.80000 to 72.10000 Ma
Collections (49 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kimmeridgian - Tithonian | USA (New Mexico) | G. plicatulus (22717) | |
| Kimmeridgian - Tithonian | USA (Colorado) | Compsemys plicatulus (137746) G. sp. (48157 192451 231533) | |
| Kimmeridgian - Tithonian | USA (Wyoming) | Chelonia indet. (58507) G. ornatus, G. plicatulus (12816) G. plicatulus (22648 39253 39428 39431 49636) G. plicatulus, Chelonia indet. (39370) G. sp. (48837 49637 55483 56165 57896 225937 225938) | |
| Kimmeridgian - Tithonian | USA (South Dakota) | Testudines indet. (49631) | |
| Kimmeridgian - Tithonian | USA (Utah) | G. plicatulus (220417) G. sp. (49595) | |
| Late/Upper Kimmeridgian - Early/Lower Tithonian | USA (Colorado) | Chelonia indet. (45975) G. plicatulus (28366 48155 48160) | |
| Tithonian | USA (Wyoming) | G. plicatulus (39426 39427) | |
| Tithonian | USA (Colorado) | G. plicatulus (48161 48162 48166) G. sp. (48163 55329 177145) | |
| Tithonian | USA (Oklahoma) | G. sp. (49598) | |
| Tithonian | USA (Utah) | G. plicatulus (57913) G. sp. (22711 46439) | |
| Early/Lower Tithonian | USA (Utah) | G. utahensis, G. plicatulus (21852) | |
| Early/Lower Tithonian | USA (Wyoming) | G. sp. (56654) | |
| Valanginian | USA (Utah) | G. sp. (27017) | |
| Late/Upper Aptian | USA (Idaho) | G. sp. (227207 227208) | |
| Late/Upper Aptian - Early/Lower Albian | USA (Oklahoma) | G. sp. (14392) | |
| Late/Upper Aptian - Early/Lower Albian | USA (Texas) | G. sp. (14375) | |
| Albian | USA (Wyoming) | G. sp. (50494) | |
| Late/Upper Albian | USA (Montana) | G. sp. (137590) | |
| Campanian | China (Shandong) | G. sp. (55461) |