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Adocus
Taxonomy
Adocus was named by Cope (1868). It was considered monophyletic by Danilov et al. (2013).
It was assigned to Chelonia by Cope (1868); to Emydinae by Cope (1870); to Dermatemydidae by Hay (1908), Hay (1930), Gilmore (1931), Gilmore (1935), Estes and Berberian (1970), Carroll (1988) and Bryant (1989); to Trionychoidea by Meylan and Gaffney (1989); to Trionychia by Joyce et al. (2004); to Adocusia by Danilov and Parham (2006); to Adocinae by Syromyatnikova and Danilov (2013); and to Adocidae by Cope (1870), Cope (1871), Cope (1884), Hay (1902), Wieland (1905), Nessov (1984), Sukhanov (2000), Peng et al. (2001), Holroyd and Hutchison (2002), Hutchison and Holroyd (2003), Brinkman et al. (2008), Syromyatnikova and Danilov (2009), Danilov et al. (2011), Syromyatnikova et al. (2012), Sullivan et al. (2012), Syromyatnikova et al. (2013), Hutchison et al. (2013), Danilov et al. (2013), Lichtig and Lucas (2015) and Hirayama et al. (2021).
It was assigned to Chelonia by Cope (1868); to Emydinae by Cope (1870); to Dermatemydidae by Hay (1908), Hay (1930), Gilmore (1931), Gilmore (1935), Estes and Berberian (1970), Carroll (1988) and Bryant (1989); to Trionychoidea by Meylan and Gaffney (1989); to Trionychia by Joyce et al. (2004); to Adocusia by Danilov and Parham (2006); to Adocinae by Syromyatnikova and Danilov (2013); and to Adocidae by Cope (1870), Cope (1871), Cope (1884), Hay (1902), Wieland (1905), Nessov (1984), Sukhanov (2000), Peng et al. (2001), Holroyd and Hutchison (2002), Hutchison and Holroyd (2003), Brinkman et al. (2008), Syromyatnikova and Danilov (2009), Danilov et al. (2011), Syromyatnikova et al. (2012), Sullivan et al. (2012), Syromyatnikova et al. (2013), Hutchison et al. (2013), Danilov et al. (2013), Lichtig and Lucas (2015) and Hirayama et al. (2021).
Species
A. agilis, A. aksary, A. amtgai, A. beatus (syn. A. lacer, A. punctatus), A. bossi, A. bostobensis, A. dzhurtasensis, A. firmus, A. foveatus, A. hesperius, A. inexpectatus, A. kazachstanica, A. kirtlandius, A. kizylkumensis, A. kokaku, A. lineolatus, A. microglypha, A. onerosus, A. orientalis, A. planus, A. pravus, A. sengokuensis, A. striatula, A. syntheticus, A. vigoratus, Alamosemys annexa, Alamosemys substricta, Homorophus insuetus
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1868 | Adocus Cope p. 235 |
| 1869 | Zygoramma Cope p. 550 |
| 1869 | Homorophus Cope p. 551 |
| 1870 | Adocus Cope p. 128 |
| 1871 | Adocus Cope p. ii |
| 1871 | Homorophus Cope p. ii |
| 1871 | Zygoramma Cope p. ii |
| 1884 | Adocus Cope |
| 1884 | Homorhophus Cope |
| 1902 | Adocus Hay p. 444 |
| 1902 | Zygoramma Hay p. 445 |
| 1902 | Homorophus Hay p. 446 |
| 1905 | Adocus Wieland p. 443 |
| 1908 | Adocus Hay p. 236 |
| 1908 | Zygoramma Hay p. 257 |
| 1908 | Homorophus Hay p. 260 |
| 1908 | Alamosemys Hay p. 261 figs. Plate 39, figs. I, 2; teit-figs. 323, 324 |
| 1930 | Adocus Hay p. 89 |
| 1930 | Alamosemys Hay p. 91 |
| 1930 | Homorophus Hay p. 91 |
| 1930 | Zygoramma Hay p. 91 |
| 1931 | Adocus Gilmore p. 221 |
| 1935 | Adocus Gilmore p. 181 |
| 1970 | Adocus Estes and Berberian p. 5 |
| 1984 | Adocus Nessov p. 216 |
| 1988 | Adocus Carroll |
| 1989 | Adocus Bryant p. 38 |
| 1989 | Adocus Meylan and Gaffney p. 46 fig. 22 |
| 2000 | Adocus Sukhanov p. 333 |
| 2000 | Sineusemys Sukhanov p. 333 |
| 2001 | Adocus Peng et al. p. 25 |
| 2002 | Adocus Holroyd and Hutchison p. 181 |
| 2003 | Adocus Hutchison and Holroyd |
| 2004 | Adocus Joyce et al. |
| 2006 | Adocus Danilov and Parham fig. 5 |
| 2006 | Shineusemys Sukhanov and Narmandakh p. 124 |
| 2008 | Adocus Brinkman et al. p. 62 |
| 2009 | Adocus Syromyatnikova and Danilov p. 75 |
| 2011 | Adocus Danilov et al. p. 114 |
| 2012 | Adocus Sullivan et al. p. 351 |
| 2012 | Adocus Syromyatnikova et al. |
| 2013 | Adocus Danilov et al. |
| 2013 | Adocus Hutchison et al. |
| 2013 | Adocus Syromyatnikova et al. |
| 2015 | Adocus Lichtig and Lucas |
| 2021 | Adocus Hirayama et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Adocus Cope 1868
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†Adocus agilis Cope 1868
†Adocus aksary Nessov and Krasovskaya 1984
†Adocus amtgai Narmandakh 1985
†Adocus beatus Leidy 1865
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Invalid names: Adocus lacer Hay 1908 [synonym], Adocus punctatus Marsh 1890 [synonym]
†Adocus bossi Gilmore 1919
†Adocus bostobensis Syromyatnikova and Danilov 2009
†Adocus dzhurtasensis Syromyatnikova and Danilov 2009
†Adocus firmus Leidy 1856
†Adocus foveatus Nesov and Khozarskii 1977
†Adocus hesperius Gilmore 1919
†Adocus inexpectatus Danilov et al. 2013
†Adocus kazachstanica Chkhikvadze 1973
†Adocus kirtlandius Gilmore 1919
†Adocus kizylkumensis Nesov 1981
†Adocus kokaku Hirayama et al. 2021
†Adocus lineolatus Cope 1874
†Adocus microglypha Cope 1871
†Adocus onerosus Gilmore 1919
†Adocus orientalis Gilmore 1931
†Adocus planus Sukhanov and Narmandakh 2006
†Adocus pravus Leidy 1856
†Adocus sengokuensis Sonoda et al. 2015
†Adocus striatula Cope 1869
†Adocus syntheticus Cope 1869
†Adocus vigoratus Hay 1910
Invalid names: Alamosemys Hay 1908 [synonym], Homorophus Cope 1869 [synonym], Shineusemys Sukhanov and Narmandakh 2006 [synonym], Zygoramma Cope 1869 [synonym]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| R. Hirayama et al. 2021 | Fifth to eleventh marginal scutes medially enlarged, overlying distal portion of costal plates. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: g = genus, subo = suborder, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Hendy et al. 2009, Estes et al. 1969, Uetz 2005, Carroll 1988 | |||||
Age range: base of the Late/Upper Barremian to the top of the Chattian or 130.00000 to 23.03000 Ma
Collections (249 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Late/Upper Barremian | Japan (Kyushu) | A. sengokuensis (165693) | |
| Late/Upper Barremian | Japan (Fukuoka) | A. sp. (39660) | |
| Aptian | Japan (Fukui) | A. sp. (38020) | |
| Late/Upper Aptian | Uzbekistan (Karakalpakstan) | A. sp. (58465) | |
| Cenomanian | USA (Nevada) | A. sp. (181586) | |
| Cenomanian - Santonian | Mongolia (Dornogov) | A. sp. (189012) A. sp. 3 (55389) Shineusemys plana (127738) Testudinata indet. (127662) | |
| Cenomanian - Santonian | Kazakhstan (Ongtüstik Qazaqstan) | A. sp. (58720) | |
| Cenomanian - Santonian | Mongolia (Omnogov) | A. amtgai (67974) A. sp., A. amtgai (79724) | |
| Senonian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian | Kazakhstan (Almaty) | A. sp. (59384) | |
| Early/Lower Cenomanian | Uzbekistan (Navoi) | A. kizylkumensis (58208) | |
| Early/Lower Cenomanian | Uzbekistan (Karakalpakstan) | A. kizylkumensis (58466 58490 189009) | |
| Late/Upper Cenomanian - Early/Lower Turonian | Japan (Kumamoto) | A. sp. (51963) | |
| Turonian | Japan (Iwate) | A. sp. (165694) | |
| Middle Turonian - Late/Upper Turonian | Uzbekistan (Navoi) | A. aksary (46959) A. aksary, Lindholmemys elegans (75943) | |
| Santonian | Uzbekistan (Navoi) | A. sp. (58708) | |
| Santonian | Kazakhstan (Ongtustik Qazaqstan) | A. sp. (58601) | |
| Santonian - Early/Lower Campanian | Kazakhstan (Qyzylorda) | A. bostobensis (53136 59700 59701 68826) A. foveatus (53893 127817) | |
| Early/Lower Santonian | Tajikistan (Sogd) | A. foveatus (58491 58701) | |
| Early/Lower Santonian | Tajikistan | A. foveatus (58705) | |
| Late/Upper Santonian - Early/Lower Campanian | Tajikistan | A. foveatus (58704) | |
| Late/Upper Santonian - Middle Campanian | USA (Missouri) | A. sp. (45679) | |
| Campanian - Maastrichtian | Kazakhstan (Aqmola) | A. sp. (53140) | |
| Early/Lower Campanian | USA (Utah) | A. sp. (167530) | |
| Early/Lower Campanian - Middle Campanian | USA (North Carolina) | A. sp. (57918) | |
| Late/Upper Campanian | USA (Arizona) | A. sp. (24915 68255) | |
| Late/Upper Campanian | USA (New Jersey) | A. beatus (14455) | |
| Late/Upper Campanian | USA (Utah) | A. sp. (187665 187667 187676 187685 187696 187702 187703 187707 187709 187714 205766 219712) | |
| Late/Upper Campanian | USA (New Mexico) | A. bossi (53982 100678) A. kirtlandius (39231) A. sp. (36449 36542 47193 52052 54101 62317 62318 76105 76106 76107 76763 96814 138830 138835 144519 154342 154365 154367 154369 154370 154371 154372 154373 154374 154379 154380 154381 154382 154383 154384 154385 154386 154387 154388 154390 154394 154395 154397 154398 154417 154418 154419 154421 154422 154423 154424 154425 154426 154427 154428 154430 154431 154432 154433 154434 154435 154436 154462 154567 154568 154569) | |
| Late/Upper Campanian | Canada (Alberta) | A. lineolatus (128454) A. sp. (34302 34307 34309 34320) | |
| Late/Upper Campanian | Mexico (Coahuila) | A. sp. (24257 24261 35360) | |
| Middle Campanian | USA (Utah) | A. sp. (167520 167521) | |
| Middle Campanian | Canada (Alberta) | A. sp. (45561 45564 45565 45566 45567 45670 181024) | |
| Middle Campanian | USA (South Carolina) | A. punctatus (180790) | |
| Middle Campanian | USA (Montana) | A. sp. (14482) | |
| Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian | USA (Montana) | A. sp. (14457 14462 51682) | |
| Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian | Canada (Alberta) | A. sp. (45821) | |
| Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian | USA (Texas) | A. sp. (25073 68012 68014 68015) | |
| Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian | Mongolia (Dornogov) | A. sp. (65338) | |
| Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian | USA (South Carolina) | A. punctatus (79363) | |
| Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian | USA (New Jersey) | Emys beatus (52504) | |
| Maastrichtian | USA (South Dakota) | A. sp. (45391) | |
| Maastrichtian | USA (Montana) | A. sp. (47626 85498 85499) | |
| Maastrichtian | USA (North Dakota) | A. sp. (45135 45141 45147 45312 45313 45380) | |
| Lancian | USA (Wyoming) | A. sp. (14514 14519 14542 14565 75280 75287) | |
| Lancian | USA (Colorado) | A. sp. (14640 176847) | |
| Lancian | USA (Montana) | A. sp. (14508 14513 14525 14533 14536 14549 14568 14580 14639 14653 14654) | |
| Lancian | USA (South Dakota) | A. lineolatus (48235) | |
| Lancian | USA (North Dakota) | A. sp. (137601 137704 137705 137706 137707 137708 137715 137723 137724 137728) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian | USA (New Mexico) | A. sp. (154429) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian | USA (Wyoming) | A. sp. (14585 137798) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian | USA (South Dakota) | A. sp. (45388 45390 224484) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian | USA (North Dakota) | A. sp. (45109 45111 45117 45118 45119 45122 45128 45133 45134 45136 45137 45143 45144 45145 45299 45309 45381 45386 137718 137720) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian | Canada (Saskatchewan) | A. sp. (45675) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian | USA (New Jersey) | A. parvus, A. punctatus (88034) A. syntheticus, A. agilis (167780) Emys firmus, Emys pravus (129264) Zygoramma striatula, Homorophus insuetus (87902) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian | USA (Montana) | A. sp. (13142 129262) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian | USA (Colorado) | A. sp. (176850 176851) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian - Puercan | USA (Colorado) | A. sp. (176869) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian - Early/Lower Paleocene | USA (New Jersey) | A. beatus (26819) Zygoramma microglypha (128428) | |
| Puercan | USA (Wyoming) | A. sp. (14805) | |
| Puercan | USA (Colorado) | A. sp. (176752 176858 206045 209902) | |
| Puercan | USA (New Mexico) | A. hesperius (128449) | |
| Danian | USA (South Carolina) | A. sp. (115152) | |
| Danian | USA (Maryland) | A. sp. (167186) | |
| Torrejonian | USA (New Mexico) | A. onerosus (128450) Alamosemys substricta (131856) | |
| Middle Paleocene | USA (Montana) | A. sp. (189019) | |
| Late/Upper Paleocene | Kazakhstan (Chimkent) | A. sp. (48888) | |
| Clarkforkian | USA (South Carolina) | A. sp. (15074) | |
| Clarkforkian | USA (Colorado) | A. sp. (176832) | |
| Lutetian - Bartonian | China (Guangdong) | A. inexpectatus (151737) | |
| Middle Eocene | China (Inner Mongolia) | A. orientalis (178831) | |
| Middle Eocene | Kazakhstan | A. kazachstanica (180518 189014 189015 189016 189017) | |
| Middle Eocene | Mongolia | A. orientalis (127656) | |
| Late/Upper Eocene | Mongolia (Dornogov) | A. orientalis (174972) | |
| Early/Lower Oligocene | China (Nei Mongol) | A. sp. (189018) | |
| Chattian | Kazakhstan | A. sp. 1 (64412) |