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Gavialis (gharial)
Taxonomy
Gavialis was named by Oppel (1811). It is extant. Its type is Gavialis gangeticus.
It was assigned to Dactylopodes by Meyer (1845); to Gavialidae by Hay (1902), Hay (1930), Carroll (1988), Frank and Ramus (1996), Kraus (1998) and Lang and Guilette (2002); to Mesoeucrocodylia by Pol and Norell (2004); to Neosuchia by Zaher et al. (2006), Fiorelli and Calvo (2008) and Nascimento and Zaher (2011); to Gavialoidea by Martin et al. (2012); to Gavialoidea by Delfino et al. (2005), Jouve et al. (2006), Vélez-Juarbe et al. (2007), Martin and Buffetaut (2008), Jouve et al. (2008), Puértolas et al. (2011) and Salas-Gismondi et al. (2016); and to Gavialidae by Rio and Mannion (2021).
It was assigned to Dactylopodes by Meyer (1845); to Gavialidae by Hay (1902), Hay (1930), Carroll (1988), Frank and Ramus (1996), Kraus (1998) and Lang and Guilette (2002); to Mesoeucrocodylia by Pol and Norell (2004); to Neosuchia by Zaher et al. (2006), Fiorelli and Calvo (2008) and Nascimento and Zaher (2011); to Gavialoidea by Martin et al. (2012); to Gavialoidea by Delfino et al. (2005), Jouve et al. (2006), Vélez-Juarbe et al. (2007), Martin and Buffetaut (2008), Jouve et al. (2008), Puértolas et al. (2011) and Salas-Gismondi et al. (2016); and to Gavialidae by Rio and Mannion (2021).
Species
G. bengawanicus, G. browni, G. gangeticus (syn. G. hysudricus) (type species), G. lewisi, G. priscus
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1811 | Gavialis Oppel |
| 1845 | Gavialis Meyer p. 281 |
| 1902 | Gavialis Hay p. 515 |
| 1930 | Gavialis Hay p. 148 |
| 1988 | Gavialis Carroll |
| 1996 | Gavialis Frank and Ramus |
| 1998 | Gavialis Kraus p. 389 |
| 2002 | Gavialis Lang and Guilette p. 213 |
| 2004 | Gavialis Pol and Norell |
| 2005 | Gavialis Delfino et al. |
| 2006 | Gavialis Jouve et al. |
| 2006 | Gavialis Zaher et al. |
| 2007 | Gavialis Vélez-Juarbe et al. |
| 2008 | Gavialis Fiorelli and Calvo |
| 2008 | Gavialis Jouve et al. |
| 2008 | Gavialis Martin and Buffetaut |
| 2011 | Gavialis Nascimento and Zaher |
| 2011 | Gavialis Puértolas et al. |
| 2012 | Gavialis Martin et al. |
| 2016 | Gavialis Salas-Gismondi et al. |
| 2021 | Gavialis Rio and Mannion |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Gavialis Oppel 1811 [gharial]
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†Gavialis bengawanicus Dubois 1908
†Gavialis browni Mook 1932
Gavialis gangeticus Gmelin 1789 [Gharial]
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Invalid names: Gavialis hysudricus Lydekker 1886 [synonym]
†Gavialis lewisi Lull 1944
Gavialis priscus Soemmering 1815
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: c = class, subp = subphylum, uc = unranked clade | |||||
| References: Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Bush and Bambach 2015, Benton 1983 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the MN 4 to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 16.90000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 15.97 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 15.97 Ma
Collections (39 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Burdigalian | Pakistan (Sindh) | Gavialis new species (148388) | |
| Burdigalian - Tortonian | France | Gavialis sp. (187580) | |
| MN 4 | Egypt | Gavialis sp. (53970) | |
| Langhian | France | Gavialis sp. (90354) | |
| Middle Miocene | Nepal | Gavialis sp. (48681 48696 48706) | |
| Tortonian | India (Gujarat) | Gavialis browni, Gavialis gangeticus (203112) | |
| Tortonian | Myanmar (Magway Division) | Gavialis sp. (219023 219024 219025) | |
| Vallesian | Iraq | Gavialis sp. (41735) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Thailand (Nakhon Ratchasima) | Gavialis sp. (144187) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | India | Gavialis browni (144099) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | India (Punjab) | Gavialis lewisi (34845 34846 34847) | |
| Pliocene | Pakistan | Gavialis browni, Gavialis gangeticus (92070) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | Nepal | Gavialis gangeticus (224311) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | India | Gavialis browni (39209 39210) Gavialis browni, Gavialis gangeticus (224301) Gavialis gangeticus (224309 224312) | |
| Piacenzian | India | Gavialis gangeticus (176226) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene - Early/Lower Pleistocene | Indonesia (Sulawesi) | Gavialis sp. (93525) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Indonesia | Gavialis bengawanicus (93522) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Indonesia (Jawa Timur) | Gavialis bengawanicus (144105 144107 144108 144109 144119) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | India | Gavialis sp., Gavialis hysudricus, Gavialis gangeticus (198812) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene - Middle Pleistocene | Indonesia | Gavialis bengawanicus (144106) | |
| Quaternary | India | Gavialis gangeticus (28180) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Thailand (Nakhon Ratchasima) | Gavialis bengawanicus (143885) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Indonesia (Jawa Timur) | Gavialis bengawanicus (93521) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | India | Gavialis gangeticus (224310) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | India (West Bengal) | Gavialis sp. (13456) |