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Rhamphorhynchidae
Taxonomy
Rhamphorhynchidae was named by Seeley (1870). It was considered monophyletic by Unwin (2003).
It was reranked as the unranked clade Rhamphorhynchidae by Unwin (2003).
It was assigned to Pterosauria by Zittel (1890) and Bakker (1986); to Rhamphorhynchoidea by Roxo (1937), Kuhn (1946), Delair (1958), Young (1964), Kuhn (1966), Charig (1967), Galton (1981), Carroll (1988), Chure et al. (2006) and Wang and Zhou (2006); and to Breviquartossa by Unwin (2003), Andres et al. (2010) and O'Sullivan and Martill (2018).
It was reranked as the unranked clade Rhamphorhynchidae by Unwin (2003).
It was assigned to Pterosauria by Zittel (1890) and Bakker (1986); to Rhamphorhynchoidea by Roxo (1937), Kuhn (1946), Delair (1958), Young (1964), Kuhn (1966), Charig (1967), Galton (1981), Carroll (1988), Chure et al. (2006) and Wang and Zhou (2006); and to Breviquartossa by Unwin (2003), Andres et al. (2010) and O'Sullivan and Martill (2018).
Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1870 | Rhamphorhynchidae Seeley |
1890 | Rhamphorhynchidae Zittel p. 793 |
1937 | Rhamphorhynchidae Roxo p. 65 |
1946 | Rhamphorhynchidae Kuhn p. 67 |
1958 | Rhamphorhynchidae Delair p. 69 |
1964 | Rhamphorhynchidae Young p. 251 |
1966 | Rhamphorhynchidae Kuhn p. 109 |
1967 | Rhamphorhynchidae Charig p. 717 |
1981 | Rhamphorhynchidae Galton p. 1117 |
1986 | Rhamphorhynchidae Bakker p. 460 |
1988 | Rhamphorhynchidae Carroll |
2003 | Rhamphorhynchidae Unwin p. 156 |
2006 | Rhamphorhynchidae Chure et al. p. 236 |
2006 | Rhamphorhynchidae Wang and Zhou p. 406 |
2010 | Rhamphorhynchidae Andres et al. fig. 7 |
2018 | Rhamphorhynchidae O'Sullivan and Martill |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. †Rhamphorhynchidae Seeley 1870
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G. †Campylognathus Plieninger 1894
G. †Dendrorhynchus Ji and Ji 1998
G. †Odontorhynchus Stolley 1936
Subfm. †Rhamphorhynchinae Nopcsa 1928
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Tr. †Angustinaripterini He et al. 1983
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G. †Dorygnathus Wagner 1860
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†Dorygnathus banthensis Theodori 1831
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Invalid names: Dorygnathus mistelgauensis Wild 1971 [synonym]
G. †Rhamphocephalus Seeley 1880
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†Rhamphocephalus bucklandi Meyer 1832
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Invalid names: Pterodactylus aclandi Owen 1874 [synonym], Pterodactylus duncani Owen 1874 [synonym], Pterodactylus kiddi Owen 1874 [synonym]
†Rhamphocephalus depressirostris Huxley 1859
Invalid names: Dolichorhamphus Seeley 1885 [synonym], Rhamphocephalus prestwichi Seeley 1880 [nomen dubium]
G. †Rhamphorhynchus Meyer 1847
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†Rhamphorhynchus curtimanus Wagner 1857
†Rhamphorhynchus etchesi O'Sullivan and Martill 2015
†Rhamphorhynchus hirundinaceus Wagner 1857
†Rhamphorhynchus longimanus Wagner 1858
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Invalid names: Rhamphorhynchus suevicus Fraas 1855 [synonym]
†Rhamphorhynchus muensteri Goldfuss 1831
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Invalid names: Odontorhynchus aculeatus Stolley 1936 [synonym], Rhamphorhynchus gemmingi Meyer 1846 [synonym], Rhamphorhynchus intermedius Koh 1937 [synonym], Rhamphorhynchus longicaudus Münster 1839 [synonym], Rhamphorhynchus longiceps Woodward 1902 [synonym], Rhamphorhynchus phyllurus Marsh 1882 [synonym]
Invalid names: Rhamphorhynchus tendagurensis Reck 1931 [nomen dubium]
Subfm. †Scaphognathinae Hooley
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G. †Scaphognathus Wagner 1861
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†Scaphognathus crassirostris Goldfuss 1831
†Scaphognathus robustus Cheng 2012
Invalid names: Brachytrachelus Giebel 1852 [synonym], Pachyrhamphus Fitzinger 1843 [synonym]
Invalid names: Angustinaripterinae He et al. 1983 [empty]
Diagnosis
Reference | Diagnosis | |
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K. A. v. Zittel 1890 | Schwanz lang, steif, von verknöcherten Sehnen umhüllt. Schädel massig verlängert, mit seitlichen und oberen Schläfenlöchern. Zähne nach hinten an Stärke abnehmend, die vorderen lang, schlank und gekrümmt. Nasenlöcher klein oder massig gross durch eine Scheidewand von der Praeorbitalöffnung getrennt. Halswirbel wenig länger als hoch. Scapula und Coracoid häufig verschmolzen. Schambein schmal, schlank, in der Symphyse fest verbunden. Metacarpalia kürzer als die halbe Länge des Vorderarms. Fünfte Zehe des Hinterfusses wohl entwickelt. | |
D. M. Unwin 2003 | Sordes pilosus, Rhamphorhynchus muensteri, their most recent common ancestor, and all its descendants |