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Syntarsus
Taxonomy
Syntarsus was named by Raath (1969) [non Fairmaire (1869)].
It was synonymized subjectively with Coelophysis by Bristowe and Raath (2004) and Gay (2005); it was replaced with Megapnosaurus by Irmis (2004), Yates (2005) and Jasinski (2011).
It was assigned to Ceratosauridae by Welles (1984); to Procompsognathidae by Ostrom (1981) and Parrish and Carpenter (1986); to Ceratosauria by Benton (1990); to Ceratosauria by Gauthier (1986), Rowe (1989), Rowe and Gauthier (1990) and Currie (1997); to Coelophysinae by Carrano et al. (2002); to Coelophysoidea by Carrano et al. (2005); to Podokesauridae by Raath (1969), Raath (1977), Anderson and Cruickshank (1978), Osmolska (1981), Olsen and Galton (1984), Thulborn (1984), Battail (1986), Chatterjee (1987), Carroll (1988), Jain (1990) and Thulborn (2006); and to Coelophysidae by Novas (1991), Novas (1992), Paul (1993), Rowe et al. (1997), Sereno (1997), Holtz (2000), Rauhut (2003), Tykoski and Rowe (2004), Ezcurra and Novas (2007) and Ezcurra (2007).
It was synonymized subjectively with Coelophysis by Bristowe and Raath (2004) and Gay (2005); it was replaced with Megapnosaurus by Irmis (2004), Yates (2005) and Jasinski (2011).
It was assigned to Ceratosauridae by Welles (1984); to Procompsognathidae by Ostrom (1981) and Parrish and Carpenter (1986); to Ceratosauria by Benton (1990); to Ceratosauria by Gauthier (1986), Rowe (1989), Rowe and Gauthier (1990) and Currie (1997); to Coelophysinae by Carrano et al. (2002); to Coelophysoidea by Carrano et al. (2005); to Podokesauridae by Raath (1969), Raath (1977), Anderson and Cruickshank (1978), Osmolska (1981), Olsen and Galton (1984), Thulborn (1984), Battail (1986), Chatterjee (1987), Carroll (1988), Jain (1990) and Thulborn (2006); and to Coelophysidae by Novas (1991), Novas (1992), Paul (1993), Rowe et al. (1997), Sereno (1997), Holtz (2000), Rauhut (2003), Tykoski and Rowe (2004), Ezcurra and Novas (2007) and Ezcurra (2007).
Species
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1969 | Syntarsus Raath pp. 1-2 figs. 6, Pl. 1-4 |
| 1977 | Syntarsus Raath p. 206 |
| 1978 | Syntarsus Anderson and Cruickshank p. 31 |
| 1981 | Syntarsus Osmolska p. 80 |
| 1981 | Syntarsus Ostrom p. 193 |
| 1984 | Syntarsus Olsen and Galton p. 91 |
| 1984 | Syntarsus Thulborn p. 132 |
| 1984 | Syntarsus Welles p. 177 |
| 1986 | Syntarsus Battail p. 47 |
| 1986 | Syntarsus Gauthier p. 9 |
| 1986 | Syntarsus Parrish and Carpenter p. 157 |
| 1987 | Syntarsus Chatterjee p. 186 |
| 1988 | Syntarsus Carroll |
| 1989 | Syntarsus Rowe |
| 1990 | Syntarsus Benton p. 19 |
| 1990 | Syntarsus Jain p. 75 |
| 1990 | Syntarsus Rowe and Gauthier p. 152 |
| 1991 | Syntarsus Novas p. 401 |
| 1992 | Syntarsus Novas p. 141 |
| 1993 | Syntarsus Paul p. 401 |
| 1997 | Syntarsus Currie p. 732 |
| 1997 | Syntarsus Rowe et al. p. 108 |
| 1997 | Syntarsus Sereno p. 456 |
| 2000 | Syntarsus Holtz, Jr. p. 15 |
| 2002 | Syntarsus Carrano et al. |
| 2003 | Syntarsus Rauhut p. 138 |
| 2004 | Syntarsus Tykoski and Rowe p. 48 |
| 2005 | Syntarsus Carrano et al. pp. 843-844 fig. 13 |
| 2006 | Syntarsus Thulborn p. 288 |
| 2007 | Syntarsus Ezcurra p. 192 |
| 2007 | Syntarsus Ezcurra and Novas p. 36 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| G. S. Paul 1993 | Total length 2.5-4 m, skeleton gracile. Skull length ~210-270+ mm, premaxilla small, external nares small, premaxilla and nasal do not contact beneath external nares, nasal fenestra incipient or present, maxilla long, antorbital fenestra and fossa very large, area anterior and ventral to antorbital fossa very limited, ventral edge of antorbital fossa has a raised rim, jugal triradiate, orbit large and subcircular, quadrate processes of squamosal and quadratojugal slender and contact each other, quadrate vertical, mandible slender, mandibular fenestra large, retroarticualr process long. Cervicals slender, transverse process of first caudal more swept back than others, anterior caudal spines very short and transverse processes long so tail base is flat topped. Scapular blade fairly short and broad, forelimbs short. Ilium height/length ratio low, cleft between anterior blade and pubic peduncle broad, posterior ilia flare strongly laterally, brevis fossa well exposed in lateral view, pubic shaft curved, ascending process of astragalus short, metatarsals II & III fuse proximally. |