Basic info | Taxonomic history | Classification | Included Taxa |
Morphology | Ecology and taphonomy | External Literature Search | Age range and collections |
Massospondylus
Taxonomy
Massospondylus was named by Owen (1854). Its type is Massospondylus carinatus. It is the type genus of Massospondylidae.
It was assigned to Lacertia by Owen (1854); to Amphicoelia by Owen (1860) and Owen (1861); to Reptilia by Fischer (1870); to Zanclodontidae by Zittel (1890); to Anchisauridae by Nopcsa (1901); to Dinosauria by Broom (1909); to Dinosauria by Hay (1910); to Theropoda by Broom (1913); to Allosauridae by Huene (1933); to Yunnanosauridae by Young (1942); to Thecodontosauridae by Huene (1908), Huene (1909), Haughton and Brink (1954), Romer (1956), Tatarinov (1964), Romer (1966), Charig (1967), Bonaparte (1969) and Ellenberger (1974); to Prosauropoda by Kuhn (1939) and Bakker and Galton (1974); to Sauropodomorpha by Benton (1990); to Anchisauridae by Lydekker (1888), Lydekker (1890), Huene (1902), von Zittel (1911), Van Hoepen (1920), Van Hoepen (1920), Lull (1924), Nopcsa (1928), Ellenberger (1970), Steel (1970), Olsen and Galton (1984), Carroll (1988) and Bandyopadhyay (1999); to Plateosauria by Galton and Upchurch (2004); to Plateosauridae by Galton (1976), Galton and Cluver (1976), Anderson and Cruickshank (1978), Heerden (1979), Russell (1984), Attridge et al. (1985), Battail (1986) and Bandyopadhyay and Sengupta (2006); to Sauropodomorpha by Barrett (2009); and to Massospondylidae by Huene (1914), Huene (1914), Haughton (1924), Padian (1997), Sereno (1998), Sereno (1999), Sues et al. (2004), Knoll (2005), Upchurch et al. (2007), Smith and Pol (2007), Martínez (2009), Yates (2010), Apaldetti et al. (2011), Novas et al. (2011), Otero and Pol (2013), Apaldetti et al. (2013), McPhee et al. (2015) and Chapelle et al. (2019).
It was assigned to Lacertia by Owen (1854); to Amphicoelia by Owen (1860) and Owen (1861); to Reptilia by Fischer (1870); to Zanclodontidae by Zittel (1890); to Anchisauridae by Nopcsa (1901); to Dinosauria by Broom (1909); to Dinosauria by Hay (1910); to Theropoda by Broom (1913); to Allosauridae by Huene (1933); to Yunnanosauridae by Young (1942); to Thecodontosauridae by Huene (1908), Huene (1909), Haughton and Brink (1954), Romer (1956), Tatarinov (1964), Romer (1966), Charig (1967), Bonaparte (1969) and Ellenberger (1974); to Prosauropoda by Kuhn (1939) and Bakker and Galton (1974); to Sauropodomorpha by Benton (1990); to Anchisauridae by Lydekker (1888), Lydekker (1890), Huene (1902), von Zittel (1911), Van Hoepen (1920), Van Hoepen (1920), Lull (1924), Nopcsa (1928), Ellenberger (1970), Steel (1970), Olsen and Galton (1984), Carroll (1988) and Bandyopadhyay (1999); to Plateosauria by Galton and Upchurch (2004); to Plateosauridae by Galton (1976), Galton and Cluver (1976), Anderson and Cruickshank (1978), Heerden (1979), Russell (1984), Attridge et al. (1985), Battail (1986) and Bandyopadhyay and Sengupta (2006); to Sauropodomorpha by Barrett (2009); and to Massospondylidae by Huene (1914), Huene (1914), Haughton (1924), Padian (1997), Sereno (1998), Sereno (1999), Sues et al. (2004), Knoll (2005), Upchurch et al. (2007), Smith and Pol (2007), Martínez (2009), Yates (2010), Apaldetti et al. (2011), Novas et al. (2011), Otero and Pol (2013), Apaldetti et al. (2013), McPhee et al. (2015) and Chapelle et al. (2019).
Species
Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
---|---|
1854 | Massospondylus Owen p. 97 |
1860 | Massospondylus Owen p. 271 |
1861 | Massospondylus Owen p. 300 |
1870 | Massospondylus Fischer p. 177 |
1888 | Massospondylus Lydekker p. 148 |
1890 | Massospondylus Lydekker p. 22 |
1890 | Massospondylus Zittel p. 722 |
1901 | Massospondylus Nopcsa p. 197 |
1902 | Massospondylus Huene |
1908 | Massospondylus Huene p. 307 |
1909 | Massospondylus Broom p. 289 |
1909 | Massospondylus Huene p. 13 |
1910 | Massosaurus Hay p. 16 |
1911 | Massospondylus von Zittel p. 280 |
1913 | Massospondylus Broom p. 364 |
1914 | Massospondylus Huene p. 13 |
1920 | Massospondylus Van Hoepen p. 91 |
1924 | Massospondylus Haughton |
1924 | Massospondylus Lull p. 229 |
1928 | Massospondylus Nopcsa p. 182 |
1933 | Massospondylus Huene |
1939 | Massospondylus Kuhn p. 63 |
1942 | Massospondylus Young p. 99 |
1954 | Massospondylus Haughton and Brink p. 4 |
1956 | Massospondylus Romer p. 617 |
1964 | Massospondylus Tatarinov p. 541 |
1966 | Massospondylus Romer p. 370 |
1967 | Massospondylus Charig p. 712 |
1969 | Massospondylus Bonaparte p. 475 |
1970 | Massospondylus Ellenberger p. 347 |
1970 | Massospondylus Steel p. 49 |
1974 | Massospondylus Bakker and Galton p. 170 |
1974 | Massospondylus Ellenberger p. 83 |
1976 | Massospondylus Galton p. 89 |
1976 | Massospondylus Galton and Cluver p. 145 |
1978 | Massospondylus Anderson and Cruickshank p. 31 |
1979 | Massospondylus Heerden |
1984 | Massospondylus Olsen and Galton p. 91 |
1984 | Massospondylus Russell p. 22 |
1985 | Massospondylus Attridge et al. p. 128 |
1986 | Massospondylus Battail p. 49 |
1988 | Massospondylus Carroll |
1990 | Massospondylus Benton p. 23 |
1997 | Massospondylus Padian p. 532 |
1998 | Massospondylus Sereno p. 63 |
1999 | Massospondylus Bandyopadhyay p. 311 |
1999 | Massospondylus Sereno p. 2138 fig. 2 |
2004 | Massospondylus Galton and Upchurch p. 235 fig. 12.11 |
2004 | Massospondylus Sues et al. p. 240 |
2005 | Massospondylus Knoll p. 84 |
2006 | Massospondylus Bandyopadhyay and Sengupta p. 79 |
2007 | Massospondylus Smith and Pol p. 670 fig. 7 |
2007 | Massospondylus Upchurch et al. p. 62 fig. 3 |
2009 | Massospondylus Barrett p. 1033 |
2009 | Massospondylus Martínez p. 162 fig. 22 |
2010 | Massospondylus Yates p. 750 |
2011 | Massospondylus Apaldetti et al. p. 16 fig. 13 |
2011 | Massospondylus Novas et al. p. 341 fig. 4 |
2013 | Massospondylus Apaldetti et al. |
2013 | Massospondylus Otero and Pol |
2015 | Massospondylus McPhee et al. p. 19 fig. 12 |
2019 | Massospondylus Chapelle et al. |
Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data
|
|
If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Massospondylus Owen 1854
show all | hide all
†Massospondylus carinatus Owen 1854
†Massospondylus hislopi Lydekker 1890
†Massospondylus kaalae Barrett 2009
Diagnosis
Reference | Diagnosis | |
---|---|---|
P. M. Barrett 2009 | A basal sauropodomorph that can be distinguished from all other taxa on the basis of the following combination of cranial character states (after Sues et al., 2004): greatest transverse width of skull exceeds dorsoventral height of skull by at least 10%; orbit proportionally large and snout proportionally short; ascending process of maxilla tall and oriented vertically; maxillary ascending process bears a narrow medial lamina; prefrontal with elongate caudal process, but frontal makes a substantial contribution to the dorsal orbital margin; lateral sheet of lacrimal overhangs the caudodorsal corner of the antorbital fossa; ridge present on the dorsolateral surface of the lacrimal and is continuous with a lateral boss on the prefrontal. |