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Merycoidodon culbertsonii

Mammalia - Merycoidodontidae

Taxonomy
Merycoidodon culbertsonii was named by Leidy (1848) [genotype]. It is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Northwestern End of Seamen Hills (Chadronian), which is in a Chadronian terrestrial horizon in Wyoming.

It was recombined as Oreodon culbertsoni by Leidy (1852), Leidy (1857), Leidy (1869), Leidy (1873), Gaudry (1878), Cope (1884), Scott (1890), Osborn and Wortman (1894), Stewart (1897), Weber (1904), Zittel and Schlosser (1911), Moodie (1915), Barbour and Cook (1917), O'Harra (1920) and Zittel and Schlosser (1923); it was recombined as Oreodon culbertsonii by Leidy (1853); it was corrected as Merycoidodon culbertsoni by Douglass (1906); it was recombined as Merycoidodon (Merycoidodon) culbertsoni by Stevens and Stevens (1996); it was considered a nomen vanum by Lander (1998).

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1848Merycoidodon culbertsonii Leidy p. 49
1851Oreodon robustum Leidy
1851Oreodon priscum Leidy p. 238
1851Cotylops speciosa Leidy p. 239
1852Oreodon culbertsoni Leidy
1853Oreodon culbertsonii Leidy
1857Oreodon culbertsoni Leidy p. 89
1869Oreodon culbertsoni Leidy
1873Oreodon culbertsoni Leidy p. 211
1878Oreodon culbertsoni Gaudry
1884Oreodon culbertsoni Cope p. 512–513
1890Oreodon culbertsoni Scott
1894Oreodon culbertsoni Osborn and Wortman
1897Oreodon culbertsoni Stewart
1902Oreodon robustum Douglass p. 264
1902Merycoidodon culbertsonii Hay p. 666
1903Oreodon macrorhinus Douglass
1904Oreodon culbertsoni Weber
1906Merycoidodon culbertsoni Douglass p. 565
1907Merycoidodon macrorhinus Douglass p. 822
1908Merycoidodon culbertsonii Lambe
1910Merycoidodon culbertsonii Osborn
1911Oreodon culbertsoni Zittel and Schlosser
1912Merycoidodon culbertsonii Stromer
1913Merycoidodon culbertsonii Scott
1915Oreodon culbertsoni Moodie
1917Oreodon culbertsoni Barbour and Cook
1920Oreodon culbertsoni O'Harra
1921Merycoidodon culbertsonii Thorpe
1921Merycoidodon macrorhinus Thorpe
1923Merycoidodon culbertsonii Thorpe
1923Oreodon culbertsoni Zittel and Schlosser
1924Merycoidodon culbertsonii Loomis
1925Merycoidodon culbertsonii Loomis
1928Merycoidodon culbertsonii Weber and Abel
1937Merycoidodon culbertsonii Thorpe p. 47 figs. Figs. 3, 7, 21-23; PI. II, Figs. 3-6; PI. XL
1937Merycoidodon macrorhinus Thorpe p. 58 figs. Fig. 24; PL II, figs. 7-8
1940Merycoidodon culbertsonii Scott p. 669
1940Merycoidodon macrorhinus Scott p. 676
1953Merycoidodon culbertsonii Galbreath
1954Prodesmatochoerus meekae Schultz and Falkenbach p. 226 figs. 18, 22, 24-25
1967Merycoidodon lewisi Clark and Beerbower
1968Otionohyus vanderpooli Schultz and Falkenbach
1968Merycoidodon culbertsonii Schultz and Falkenbach p. 38 figs. 1-3, 19-23, 51
1968Merycoidodon macrorhinus Schultz and Falkenbach p. 72 figs. Figures 1,3
1968Paramerycoidodon georgei Schultz and Falkenbach p. 87 figs. 6-9, 19-23, 52
1968Otionohyus wardi Schultz and Falkenbach p. 107 figs. 10, 11, 19-23, 52
1968Otionohyus vanderpooli Schultz and Falkenbach p. 115 figs. 10, 19, 22
1996Merycoidodon (Merycoidodon) culbertsoni Stevens and Stevens p. 518 figs. Figures 2B, 3B; Tables 1-7; Appendix B
1998Prodesmatochoerus lewisi Lander
1998Prodesmatochoerus macrorhinus Lander
2007Merycoidodon culbertsonii Stevens and Stevens p. 158

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Life
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
Reptiliomorpha
Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
Cotylosauria()
Amniota
subclassSynapsida
Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
Mammaliamorpha
RankNameAuthor
Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
Theriiformes()
Trechnotheria
Cladotheria
Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
Eutheria()
Placentalia
Boreoeutheria
Laurasiatheria
Scrotifera
Euungulata
Artiodactylamorpha
Artiodactyla()
familyMerycoidodontidae
subfamilyMerycoidodontinae
genusMerycoidodon
speciesculbertsonii

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

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Merycoidodon culbertsonii osborni Schultz and Falkenbach 1968
Invalid names: Cotylops speciosa Leidy 1851 [synonym], Merycoidodon lewisi Clark and Beerbower 1967 [synonym], Merycoidodon periculorum Cope 1884 [synonym], Oreodon macrorhinus Douglass 1903 [synonym], Oreodon priscum Leidy 1851 [synonym], Oreodon robustum Douglass 1902 [synonym], Otionohyus vanderpooli Schultz and Falkenbach 1968 [synonym], Otionohyus wardi Schultz and Falkenbach 1968 [synonym], Paramerycoidodon georgei Schultz and Falkenbach 1968 [synonym], Prodesmatochoerus meekae Schultz and Falkenbach 1954 [synonym]
Merycoidodon culbertsonii browni Schultz and Falkenbach 1968
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Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
C. B. Schultz and C. H. Falkenbach 1954 (Prodesmatochoerus meekae)SKULL: Slightly larger than in holotype of P. natronensis, slightly smaller than in cotypes of Subdesmatochoerus socialis; exoccipital foramina elongated; infraorbital foramen above P3.
MANDIBLE: Postsymphysis below anterior portion of P8
DENTITION: Series longer than those of the holotype of P. natronensis.
LIMBS: Larger than in P. natronensis.
M. S. Stevens and J. B. Stevens 1996nial characterization defines the genus-subgenus. The quite variable Subnasal L. averages 49% of the Nasal L., the premo- lars are unreduced with an average pl_P41pl_M3 of 50% (Table 3), the APM3/TM3 ratio averages 0.99 (Table 5), the M3 is brachydont-submesodont with an average APM3/Ht. M3 ratio of 1.72 (Table 4), and TM3/Ht. M3 averages 1.75 (Table 6). M. culbertsoni differs from Merycoidodon presidioensis by a signifi- cantly smaller size (based on P 1-M 3 ,P1-M3,and associated measurements), more inclined premaxillae, wider, lower muzzle, and more posterior infraorbital foramina . M. culbertsoni differs from M. bullatus by small, instead of inflated auditory bullae, and a slightly but significantly narrower P.O.C. and lower crowned M3, otherwise similar.
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialo
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: herbivoref
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-08-31 14:37:21
Modified: 2005-08-31 16:37:21
Source: f = family, o = order, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988, Lander 1998, Nowak 1999, Lillegraven 1979

Age range: base of the Chadronian to the top of the Whitneyan or 37.20000 to 30.80000 Ma

Collections (92 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Texas) Merycoidodontidae indet. (16894)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Colorado) Genetochoerus periculorum, Merycoidodon culbertsoni (16977)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Montana) Merycoidodon culbertsoni (17041)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Wyoming) Merycoidodon culbertsoni (16902 16908 16920 16942 16943 type locality: 16998 17024) Merycoidodon sp. (16961)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (South Dakota) Merycoidodon lewisi (17006)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9Canada (Saskatchewan) Merycoidodon macrorhinus (16919)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Nebraska) Merycoidodon culbertsoni (16918 16929 17018) Merycoidodon culbertsonii (16895 17037) Otionohyus vanderpooli (17035)
Chadronian - Orellan37.2 - 33.3USA (Wyoming) Merycoidodon culbertsoni (17120)
Orellan33.9 - 33.3USA (Wyoming) Merycoidodon culbertsoni (17104 17105 17106 17145 17148 17149 17178 17193 17303) Otionohyus wardi (17196) Paramerycoidodon georgei (17124) Prodesmatochoerus meekae (17152)
Orellan33.9 - 33.3USA (Nebraska) Genetochoerus periculorum (17234) Genetochoerus periculorum, Otionohyus wardi (17219 17285) Genetochoerus periculorum, Otionohyus wardi, Merycoidodon culbertsoni (17209) Merycoidodon culbertsoni (17098 17140 17200 17201 17213 17223 17224 17246 17251 17262 17263 17267 17271 17272 17277 17279 17280 17282 17284) Merycoidodon culbertsonii (17297) Otionohyus wardi (17080 17135 17208 17218) Otionohyus wardi, Merycoidodon culbertsoni (17281) Paramerycoidodon georgei (17238 17291)
Orellan33.9 - 33.3USA (Montana) Merycoidodon culbertsoni (17090)
Orellan33.9 - 33.3USA (North Dakota) Merycoidodon culbertsoni (17128)
Orellan33.9 - 33.3USA (South Dakota) Genetochoerus norbeckensis (17085) Merycoidodon culbertsoni (17053 17065 17084 17088 17092 17103 17121 17130 17143 17156 17161 17162 17170 17173 17174 17179 17180 17183 17304 163487) Oreodon culbertsoni (17133 17153) Oreodon culbertsonii (17141) Otionohyus bullatus (17144) Paramerycoidodon georgei, Merycoidodon culbertsoni (17094)
Whitneyan33.3 - 30.8USA (South Dakota) Oreodon culbertsoni (17342)