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Lystrosauridae

Anomodontia - Lystrosauridae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1903Lystrosauridae Broom p. 294
1904Lystrosauridae Osborn p. 103
1954Lystrosauridae Haughton and Brink p. 6
1982Lystrosauridae Kemp p. 348
1988Lystrosauridae Carroll
2008Lystrosauridae Ivakhnenko
2008Lystrosauridae Li and Sun p. 389
2009Lystrosauridae Kammerer and Angielczyk
2011Lystrosauridae Kammerer et al. p. 140

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
RankNameAuthor
Reptiliomorpha
Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
Cotylosauria()
Amniota
subclassSynapsida
Therapsida()
orderAnomodontiaOwen 1859
orderDicynodontia()
DicynodontoideaCluver and King 1983
familyLystrosauridae
familyLystrosauridae

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Lystrosauridae Broom 1903
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G. †Euptychognathus Kammerer et al. 2011
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G. †Kwazulusaurus Maisch 2002
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Kwazulusaurus shakai Maisch 2002
G. †Lystrosaurus Cope 1870
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Lystrosaurus broomi Young 1939
Lystrosaurus curvatus Owen 1876
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Invalid names: Lystrosaurus andersoni Broom [synonym], Lystrosaurus jorisseni Van Hoepen 1916 [synonym], Lystrosaurus oviceps Haughton 1915 [synonym], Lystrosaurus platyceps Seeley 1898 [synonym], Lystrosaurus theileri Van Hoepen 1916 [synonym], Lystrosaurus wageri Van Hoepen 1916 [synonym]
Lystrosaurus declivis Brink 1951
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Invalid names: Dicynodon (Ptychognathus) latirostris Owen 1860 [synonym], Lystrosaurus primitivus Toerien 1954 [synonym], Lystrosaurus wagneri Van Hoepen 1916 [synonym], Ptychognathus alfredi Owen 1862 [synonym], Ptychognathus declivis Owen 1860 [objective synonym], Ptychognathus depressus Owen 1876 [synonym], Ptychosiagum declivis Lydekker 1890 [objective synonym]
Lystrosaurus georgi Kalandadze 1975
Lystrosaurus hedini Young 1935
Lystrosaurus maccaigi Seeley 1898
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Invalid names: Lystrosaurus amphibius Brink 1951 [synonym], Lystrosaurus putterilli Van Hoepen 1915 [synonym]
Lystrosaurus murrayi Huxley 1859
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Invalid names: Dicynodon (Ptychognathus) verticalis Owen 1860 [synonym], Dicynodon copei Seeley 1889 [synonym], Dicynodon orientalis Huxley 1865 [synonym], Lystrosaurus bothai Broom 1941 [synonym], Lystrosaurus breyeri Van Hoepen 1915 [synonym], Lystrosaurus frontosus Cope 1870 [synonym], Lystrosaurus jeppei Van Hoepen 1916 [synonym], Lystrosaurus rajurkari Tripathi and Satsangi 1963 [synonym], Lystrosaurus rubidgei Broom 1940 [synonym], Prolystrosaurus natalensis Haughton 1917 [synonym], Ptychognathus boopis Owen 1876 [synonym], Ptychosiagum murrayi Lydekker 1890 [synonym]
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Invalid names: Lystrosaurus latifrons Sun 1973 [synonym]
Lystrosaurus youngi Sun 1964
Invalid names: Dicynodon seeleyi Broili 1908 [nomen dubium], Lystrosaurus weidenreichi Young 1939 [nomen dubium], Prolystrosaurus Haughton 1917 [synonym], Prolystrosaurus strigops Broom 1913 [nomen dubium], Ptychosiagum Lydekker 1890 [synonym]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
R. Broom 1903Dentition as in Dicynodontidae. A pair ol poslfrontals present; also a distinct preparietal bone. Interclavicle small. No cleithrum.
C. F. Kammerer and K. D. Angielczyk 2009As currently defined, Lystrosauridae includes only the genera Lystrosaurus and Kwazulusaurus. The latter taxon has only been included in one phylogenetic analysis (Maisch, 2002a). Therefore, in addition to listing autapomorphies from the analyses of Angielczyk (2007), Fröbisch (2007), and Fröbisch & Reisz (2008), we also include autapomorphies identified by Maisch (2002a). Maisch (2002a) identified two autapomorphies of Lystrosauridae: (1) ectopterygoid absent; (2) snout region short and deep, strongly extended ventrally. Autapomorphies recognized in common by Angielczyk (2007), Fröbisch (2007), and Fröbisch & Reisz (2008) are: (1) parietals widely exposed on the skull roof; (2) anterior portion of the palatine does not contact the premaxilla. Cluver (1971) provided a detailed diagnosis of Lystrosaurus in his thorough treatment of the cranial morphology of the genus, and Maisch (2002a) presented the only diagnosis of Kwazulusaurus to date. The most distinctive character of lystrosaurids is the steeply downturned snout, although this feature is more strongly developed in Lystrosaurus than Kwazulusaurus.