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Rheidae (rhea)
Taxonomy
Rheidae was named by Bonaparte (1849). It is extant.
It was assigned to Struthiones by Moreno and Mercerat (1891); to Aves by Rovereto (1914); to Palaeognathae by Mayr (2009); to Struthioniformes by Livezey and Zusi (2007) and del Hoyo et al. (2014); and to Rheiformes by Lambrecht (1933), Carroll (1988), Clements et al. (2017), Noriega et al. (2017) and Tambussi et al. (2023).
It was assigned to Struthiones by Moreno and Mercerat (1891); to Aves by Rovereto (1914); to Palaeognathae by Mayr (2009); to Struthioniformes by Livezey and Zusi (2007) and del Hoyo et al. (2014); and to Rheiformes by Lambrecht (1933), Carroll (1988), Clements et al. (2017), Noriega et al. (2017) and Tambussi et al. (2023).
Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
---|---|
1849 | Rheidae Bonaparte |
1891 | Rheidae Moreno and Mercerat p. 69 |
1914 | Rheidae Rovereto p. 160 |
1933 | Rheidae Lambrecht p. 110 |
1988 | Rheidae Carroll |
2007 | Rheidae Livezey and Zusi p. 89 |
2009 | Rheidae Mayr p. 32 |
2014 | Rheidae del Hoyo et al. |
2017 | Rheidae Clements et al. |
2017 | Rheidae Noriega et al. p. 4 |
2023 | Rheidae Tambussi et al. p. 264 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. Rheidae Bonaparte 1849 [rhea]
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G. †Opisthodactylus Ameghino 1891
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†Opisthodactylus horacioperezi Agnolin and Chafrat 2015
†Opisthodactylus kirchneri Noriega et al. 2017
†Opisthodactylus patagonicus Ameghino 1891
G. Rhea Brisson 1760
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Rhea americana Linnaeus 1758 [greater rhea]
†Rhea fossilis Moreno and Mercerat 1891
†Rhea nana Lydekker 1894
†Rhea pampeana Moreno and Mercerat 1891
Rhea pennata d'Orbigny 1834 [lesser rhea]
†Rhea subpampeana Moreno and Mercerat 1891
Rhea tarapacensis Chubb 1913 [Puna rhea]
Invalid names: Pterocnemia Gray 1870 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: subo = suborder, o = order | |||||
References: Marsh 1875, Benton 1983 |
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Early/Lower Eocene to the top of the Holocene or 55.80000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 48.6 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 48.6 Ma
Collections (30 total)
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
---|---|---|---|
Early/Lower Eocene | Brazil (Rio de Janeiro) | Diogenornis fragilis (38793) | |
Miocene | Argentina (Buenos Aires) | Rhea subpampeana (88835) | |
Neogene | Argentina | Rhea fossilis (88837) | |
Colhuehuapian | Argentina (Mendoza) | Pterocnemia mesopotamica (189522) | |
Colhuehuapian | Argentina (Río Negro) | Opisthodactylus horacioperezi (89093) | |
Santacrucian | Argentina (Santa Cruz) | Opisthodactylus patagonicus (27313 176563 176625 210153 210787) | |
Huayquerian | Argentina (La Pampa) | Pterocnemia sp. (87198) | |
Huayquerian | Argentina (Entre Rios) | Pterocnemia sp. (140471) Rheidae indet. (55600) | |
Messinian - Zanclean | Argentina (La Rioja) | Opisthodactylus kirchneri (152263) | |
Montehermosan | Argentina (Buenos Aires) | Heterorhea dabbenei, Hinasuri nehuensis (198863) Protorhea azarae (13503) | |
Montehermosan - Chapadmalalan | Argentina (Catamarca) | Opisthodactylus kirchneri (157795) | |
Lujanian | Argentina (Buenos Aires) | Rheidae indet. (63337) | |
Middle Pleistocene | Argentina (Buenos Aires) | Rhea sp. (63335) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | Argentina (Chubut) | Rhea sp. (71338) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | Argentina (Buenos Aires) | Rhea americana (73845) Rhea pampeana (88836) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | Argentina (Cordoba) | Rheidae indet. (191130) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | Brazil (Piauí) | Rhea sp. (211632) | |
Holocene | Bolivia (Chuquisaca) | Rhea americana (70705) | |
Holocene | Argentina (Santiago del Estero) | Rhea americana (187627) | |
Holocene | Argentina (Santa Cruz) | Rhea americana, Pterocnemia pennata (73843) | |
Holocene | Argentina | Rheidae indet. (93267) | |
Holocene | Argentina (Buenos Aires) | Rhea americana (63342) Rhea sp. (63338) |