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Trochilidae (hummingbird)
Taxonomy
Trochilidae was named by Vigors (1825). It is extant.
It was assigned to Trochili by Carroll (1988); to Apodi by Livezey and Zusi (2007); to Apodiformes by Mayr (2003), Mayr (2004), Mayr (2005), Mayr (2007) and Mayr and Micklich (2010); to Caprimulgiformes by del Hoyo et al. (2014) and Clements et al. (2017); and to Apodiformes by Mayr (2005) and Mayr (2022).
It was assigned to Trochili by Carroll (1988); to Apodi by Livezey and Zusi (2007); to Apodiformes by Mayr (2003), Mayr (2004), Mayr (2005), Mayr (2007) and Mayr and Micklich (2010); to Caprimulgiformes by del Hoyo et al. (2014) and Clements et al. (2017); and to Apodiformes by Mayr (2005) and Mayr (2022).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1825 | Trochilidae Vigors |
| 1828 | Ornismya Lesson |
| 1988 | Trochilidae Carroll |
| 2003 | Trochilidae Mayr p. 147 |
| 2004 | Trochilidae Mayr p. 861 |
| 2005 | Trochilidae Mayr p. 319 |
| 2007 | Trochilidae Livezey and Zusi p. 94 |
| 2007 | Trochilidae Mayr p. 106 |
| 2010 | Trochilidae Mayr and Micklich p. 388 |
| 2014 | Trochilidae del Hoyo et al. |
| 2017 | Trochilidae Clements et al. |
| 2022 | Trochilidae Mayr p. 100 figs. Fig. 6.5 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. Trochilidae Vigors 1825 [hummingbird]
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G. Chlorostilbon Gould 1853
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Chlorostilbon ricordii Gervais 1835 [Cuban emerald]
Chlorostilbon swainsonii Lesson 1829 [Hispaniolan emerald]
G. Orthorhyncus Lacepede 1799
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Orthorhyncus cristatus Linnaeus 1758 [Antillea crested hummingbird]
Subfm. Phaethornithinae Jardine 1833
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G. Glaucis Boie 1831 [hermit]
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Glaucis aeneus Lawrence 1867 [Bronzy hermit]
Glaucis dohrnii Bourcier and Mulsant 1852 [Hook-billed hermit]
Glaucis hirsutus Gmelin 1788 [Rufous-breasted hermit]
Subfm. Trochilinae Jardine 1833
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Tr. Trochilini del Hoyo et al. 2014
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G. Amazilia Lesson 1843 [hummingbird]
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Amazilia tzacatl de la Llave 1833 [Rufous-tailed hummingbird]
Invalid names: Florisuginae Jardine 1833 [empty], Lesbiinae Dickinson and Remsen 2013 [empty], Ornismya Lesson 1828 [nomen nudum], Patagoninae Pascual 1987 [empty], Polytminae Dickinson and Remsen 2013 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: f = family, o = order | |||||
| References: Marsh 1875, Naka 2004 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Rupelian to the top of the Holocene or 33.90000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 28.1 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 28.1 Ma
Collections (8 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rupelian | Germany (Baden-Württemberg) | Eurotrochilus inexpectatus (68021) | |
| Rupelian | France (Provence-Alpes-Côte dʼAzur) | Eurotrochilus sp. (85235) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (high glacial) | Venezuela (Zulia) | Trochilidae indet. (63515) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | Dominican Republic | Anthracothorax dominicus (194485) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | Bahamas (New Providence Island) | Chlorostilbon ricordii (194588) Trochilidae indet., Chlorostilbon ricordii (144649) | |
| Holocene | Antigua and Barbuda | Orthorhynchus cristatus (94615) | |
| Holocene | Haiti | Chlorostilbon swainsonii, Mellisuga minima (194483) |