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Corvus (crow)
Taxonomy
Corvus was named by Linnaeus (1758). It is extant. Its type is Corvus corax. It is the type genus of Corvidae, Corvinae.
It was assigned to Passeres by Shufeldt (1891); to Corvinae by Hay (1930), Wetmore (1940) and Wetmore (1956); and to Corvidae by Hay (1902), Wetmore (1924), Lambrecht (1933), Olson and James (1982), Carroll (1988), Guthrie (1992), Baird (1992), Parmalee (1992), Morgan (1994), Worthy (1997), Olson and Rasmussen (2001), Mlikovsky (2002), Worthy and Grant-Mackie (2003), Burney et al. (2008), Meijer et al. (2017) and Clements et al. (2017).
It was assigned to Passeres by Shufeldt (1891); to Corvinae by Hay (1930), Wetmore (1940) and Wetmore (1956); and to Corvidae by Hay (1902), Wetmore (1924), Lambrecht (1933), Olson and James (1982), Carroll (1988), Guthrie (1992), Baird (1992), Parmalee (1992), Morgan (1994), Worthy (1997), Olson and Rasmussen (2001), Mlikovsky (2002), Worthy and Grant-Mackie (2003), Burney et al. (2008), Meijer et al. (2017) and Clements et al. (2017).
Species
C. albicollis, C. albus, C. annectens, C. brachyrhynchos, C. caurinus, C. corax (type species), C. corone, C. cryptoleucus, C. frugilegus, C. hungaricus, C. leucognaphalus, C. macrorhynchos, C. monedula, C. moneduloides, C. moriorum, C. nasicus (syn. C. wetmorei), C. ossifragus, C. palmarum, C. pliocaenus, C. praecorax, C. pumilis, C. shufeldti
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1758 | Corvus Linnaeus |
| 1891 | Corvus Shufeldt p. 819 |
| 1902 | Corvus Hay p. 537 |
| 1924 | Corvus Wetmore p. 15 |
| 1930 | Corvus Hay p. 355 |
| 1933 | Corvus Lambrecht p. 637 |
| 1940 | Corvus Wetmore p. 72 |
| 1956 | Corvus Wetmore p. 92 |
| 1982 | Corvus Olson and James p. 38 |
| 1988 | Corvus Carroll |
| 1992 | Corvus Baird p. 31 |
| 1992 | Corvus Guthrie p. 324 |
| 1992 | Corvus Parmalee p. 315 |
| 1994 | Corvus Morgan p. 468 |
| 1997 | Corvus Worthy p. 111 |
| 2001 | Corvus Olson and Rasmussen p. 300 |
| 2002 | Corvus Mlikovsky p. 234 |
| 2003 | Corvus Worthy and Grant-Mackie p. 453 |
| 2008 | Corvus Burney et al. p. 18 |
| 2017 | Corvus Clements et al. |
| 2017 | Corvus Meijer et al. p. 12 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Corvus Linnaeus 1758 [crow]
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Corvus albicollis Latham 1790 [white-necked raven]
Corvus albus Muller 1776 [pied crow]
†Corvus annectens Shufeldt 1891
Corvus brachyrhynchos Brehm 1822 [American crow]
Corvus caurinus Baird 1858
Corvus corax Linnaeus 1758 [common raven]
Corvus corone Linnaeus 1758 [carrion crow]
Corvus cryptoleucus Couch 1854
Corvus frugilegus Linnaeus 1758 [rook]
†Corvus hungaricus Lambrecht 1915
Corvus leucognaphalus Daudin 1900 [white-necked crow]
Corvus macrorhynchos Wagler 1827 [large-billed crow]
Corvus monedula Linnaeus 1758 [Eurasian jackdaw]
Corvus moneduloides Lesson 1831 [New Caledonian crow]
†Corvus moriorum Forbes 1892 [Chatham Islands raven]
Corvus nasicus Temminck 1826 [Cuban crow]
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Invalid names: Corvus wetmorei Brodkorb 1959 [synonym]
Corvus ossifragus Wilson 1812 [fish crow]
Corvus palmarum Württemburg 1835 [palm crow]
†Corvus pliocaenus Portis 1887
†Corvus praecorax Depéret 1890
†Corvus pumilis Wetmore 1920
†Corvus shufeldti Sharpe 1909
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: f = family, o = order | |||||
| References: Marsh 1875, Lein 1972 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the MN 9 to the top of the Holocene or 11.10000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 9.7 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 9.7 Ma
Collections (192 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Neogene | USA (Arizona) | Corvus sp. (216972) | |
| MN 9 | Hungary (Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén) | Corvus sp. (75481) | |
| Zanclean | USA (North Carolina) | Corvus ossifragus (52582) | |
| Pliocene - Pleistocene | France (Auvergne-Rhône-Alps) | Corvus hungaricus (44231) | |
| Pliocene - Pleistocene | France (Midi-Pyrenees) | Corvus pliocaenus, Corvus monedula (35076) | |
| Pliocene - Pleistocene | Italy (Tuscany) | Corvus pliocaenus (49240) | |
| Gelasian | USA (Florida) | Corvus ossifragus (20384) | |
| MN 17 | France (Rhone-Alpes) | Corvus hungaricus (47150) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | Corvus sp. (19750) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Greece (central Macedonia ) | Corvus pliocaenus (197943) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Spain (Mallorca) | Corvus sp. (214536) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene - Middle Pleistocene | Italy | Corvus sp., Corvus corax (194929) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (Hawaii) | Corvus sp. (176394) | |
| Pleistocene | United Kingdom | Corvus corax, Corvus corone (125438) | |
| Pleistocene | United Kingdom (England) | Corvus corax (125444 125448 125449 125451) Corvus corax, Corvus corone, Corvus monedula (125445) Corvus corone (125453) | |
| Pleistocene | Greece (Chalkidiki) | Corvus corax (183123) | |
| Pleistocene | Australia (South Australia) | Corvus sp. (28298) | |
| Calabrian | Italy | Corvus pliocaenus (197789 197790) | |
| Calabrian | Spain (Palencia) | Corvus pliocaenus (205225 205226 205228 213667 221564 221565 221566 221567 221568 221569 221570) | |
| Calabrian | Spain (Castilla-Leon) | Corvus antecorvax (34870) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Colorado) | Corvus corax, Corvus brachyrhynchos (152653) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Florida) | Corvus brachyrhynchos (20350) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Italy | Corvus sp. (197786) | |
| Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene | Monaco | Corvus corax, Corvus corone (191730) | |
| Rancholabrean | USA (Florida) | Corvus ossifragus, Corvus brachyrhynchos (20491) | |
| Rancholabrean - Holocene | USA (California) | Corvus corax (84904) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | United Kingdom | Corvus corax, Corvus corone (93837) Corvus corax, Corvus monedula (124956 125437) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Egypt | Corvus albus (21877) Corvus sp., Corvus albus (208788) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Wyoming) | Corvus corax, Corvus brachyrhynchos (93277) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Greece (Crete) | Corvus corax, Corvus monedula (192965) Corvus monedula (182810 192950 192953 192958 192959 192962 192963 192966) Corvus sp., Corvus monedula (92902 192948 192949 192951 192954 192955 192957) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Oregon) | Corvus annectens (176222) Corvus corax (93251) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (Florida) | Corvus ossifragus (20571 20636) Corvus ossifragus, Corvus brachyrhynchos (20573 20595) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Romania | Corvus corax (197947) Corvus corone, Corvus monedula (197948) Corvus monedula (197946) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | United Kingdom (Wales) | Corvus monedula (125452) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (New Mexico) | Corvus corax (71670) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Spain | Corvus corone, Corvus monedula (197938) Corvus monedula (199943) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Italy (Sardinia) | Corvus corone (51552) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (glacial) | USA (Florida) | Corvus ossifragus, Corvus brachyrhynchos (154771) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Hawaii) | Corvus sp. (110072) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | France (Corse) | Corvus corax, Corvus monedula (215363) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (California) | Corvus corax (59063 79630 120829 123918 125236 125237 155409 215552) Corvus corax, Corvus brachyrhynchos, Corvus cryptoleucus, Corvus caurinus (190077) Corvus corax, Corvus caurinus (218989) Corvus cryptoleucas, Corvus corax (44954) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Virginia) | Corvus brachyrhynchos (103991) Corvus sp. (104697) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (high glacial) | USA (Texas) | Corvus brachyrhynchos (93103) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Greece (Peloponnesus) | Corvus corone, Corvus monedula (184245) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | South Africa | Corvus albus (115225) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Japan (Okinawa) | Corvus macrorhynchos (192971) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Japan | Corvus macrorhynchos (193440 193441 193447) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | New Zealand (North Otago) | Corvus moriorum (87789) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | United Kingdom (England) | Corvus monedula (125321) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (high glacial) | USA (New Mexico) | Corvus neomexicanus, Corvus corax (76059) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Portugal | Corvus corone, Corvus monedula, Corvus frugilegus (197768) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | New Zealand (South Island) | Corvus moriorum (87810) Corvus noriorum, Corvus moriorum (87814) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Russian Federation | Corvus monedula (194807) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | USA (Florida) | Corvus ossifragus, Corvus brachyrhynchos (154722) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Texas) | Corvus brachyrhynchos (85142) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Bahamas | Corvus nasicus (194589) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Australia (South Australia) | Corvus sp. (136072 136157 181314) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (glacial) | USA (California) | Corvus brachyrhynchos (155393) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Italy | Corvus corax (197771) Corvus corax, Corvus corone, Corvus monedula (197769) Corvus corone (194932) Corvus monedula (197774) Corvus sp. (194934) Corvus sp., Corvus corax, Corvus corone (194933) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Georgia) | Corvus corax, Corvus brachyrhynchos (84190) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (Alabama) | Corvus corax (84181) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Congo-Kinshasa | Corvus albicollis (22066) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Indonesia (East Nusa Tenggara) | Corvus macrorhynchos (193429 193434 193435) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Hungary (Barany) | Corvus monedula (197461) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | Papua New Guinea | Corvus sp. (194694) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | Romania | Corvus corax, Corvus monedula (197949) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | USA (Virginia) | Corvus sp. (104034) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | Russian Federation | Corvus corone (194812) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | Madagascar | Corvus albus (195018) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | Bahamas (New Providence Island) | Corvus nasicus, Corvus palmarum (144649 194590) Corvus wetmorei, Corvus palmarum (194588) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | Spain | Corvus frugilegus (199944) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | USA (Utah) | Corvus neomexicanus (93326) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | New Zealand | Corvus sp. (182103) | |
| Holocene | New Zealand (South Island) | Corvus moriorum (215392) | |
| Holocene | Sudan | Corvus sp. (21902 21958) | |
| Holocene | USA (Illinois) | Corvus corax (195052 195054) | |
| Holocene | USA (Hawaii) | Corvus sp. (110073 110074) | |
| Holocene | Russian Federation | Corvus corax (171637) | |
| Holocene | Madagascar (Toliara) | Corvus albus (92733) | |
| Holocene | Puerto Rico | Corvus leucognaphalus (194583) | |
| Holocene | France (Corse) | Corvus corax, Corvus monedula (215376) Corvus corone (215365) Corvus corone, Corvus monedula (215378) | |
| Holocene | Canada (Nunavut) | Corvus corax (228896 229484) | |
| Holocene | Cayman Islands (Grand Cayman) | Corvus nasicus (144134 186637) | |
| Holocene | United Kingdom (Wales) | Corvus corax, Corvus corone (125439) | |
| Holocene | New Zealand | Corvus moriorum (100554 194618 194619 215577) Palaeocorax moriorum (198211) | |
| Holocene | USA (Alaska) | Corvus corax (220460) | |
| Holocene | USA (California) | Corvus brachyrhynchos (194905 194907 194908 194909 194916) Corvus corax, Corvus brachyrhynchos (194906 194910 194911 194912 194913 194914 194925 194926 194927 194928) | |
| Holocene | USA (Ohio) | Corvus brachyrhynchos (195066) Corvus corax (195063) Corvus corax, Corvus brachyrhynchos (195062) | |
| Holocene | Canada (Quebec) | Corvus corax (224189) | |
| Holocene | Greenland | Corvus corax (230120) | |
| Holocene | Australia (Victoria) | Corvus sp. (138410) | |
| Holocene | Finland | Corvus corone (177177) | |
| Holocene | United Kingdom (England) | Corvus corax (125446 125450) | |
| Holocene | Spain | Corvus corax (194379) | |
| Holocene | United Kingdom | Corvus corone (125443) | |
| Holocene | Bahamas | Corvus nasicus (194593) Corvus sp. (145366) | |
| Holocene | Canada (Newfoundland) | Corvus corax (228844) |