PBDB Taxon

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Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Oxyaena

Mammalia - Creodonta - Oxyaenidae

Taxonomy

Oxyaena was named by Cope (1874). Its type is Oxyaena lupina. It is the type genus of Oxyaenidae, Oxyaeninae, Oxyaenoidea.

It was assigned to Creodonta by Cope (1875); to Hyaenodontidae by Scott (1892); to Oxyaenidae by Cope (1880), Cope (1880) and Gunnell (1998); and to Oxyaeninae by Wortman (1902), Hay (1902), Hay (1930), Van Valen (1967) and Stucky and Hardy (2007).

Species

Argillotherium toliapicum, O. forcipata (syn. O. ultima), O. gulo, O. intermedia, O. lupina (syn. O. huerfanensis, O. morsitans) (type species), O. pardalis, O. simpsoni, O. woutersi

Synonyms

Argillotherium was named by Davies (1884). Its type is Argillotherium toliapicum.

It was synonymized subjectively with Oxyaena by Van Valen (1967) and Carroll (1988).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1874	Oxyaena Cope
1875	Oxyaena Cope p. 4
1880	Oxyaena Cope
1884	Argillotherium Davies p. 438
1892	Oxyaena Scott p. 314
1902	Oxyaena Hay p. 756
1902	Oxyaena Wortman p. 101
1930	Oxyaena Hay p. 470
1967	Oxyaena Van Valen
1998	Oxyaena Gunnell
2007	Oxyaena Stucky and Hardy p. 58

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()
—	Mammaliamorpha

Rank	Name	Author
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia
—	Theriamorpha	(Rowe 1993)
—	Theriiformes	()
—	Trechnotheria
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Boreoeutheria
—	Laurasiatheria
—	Scrotifera
—	Ferae	()
order	Creodonta	()
—	Oxyaenodonta	Van Valen 1971
family	Oxyaenidae
subfamily	Oxyaeninae	Trouessart 1885
genus	Oxyaena	Cope 1874

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Oxyaena Cope 1874

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†Oxyaena forcipata Cope 1874

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Invalid names: Oxyaena ultima Denison 1938 [synonym]

†Oxyaena gulo Matthew and Granger 1915

†Oxyaena intermedia Denison 1938

†Oxyaena lupina Cope 1874

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Invalid names: Oxyaena huerfanensis Osborn 1897 [synonym], Oxyaena morsitans Cope 1874 [synonym]

†Oxyaena pardalis Matthew and Granger 1915

†Oxyaena simpsoni Van Valen 1966

†Oxyaena woutersi Lange-Badré and Godinot 1982

Invalid names: Argillotherium Davies 1884 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

terrestrialsubc

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Life habit:

ground dwellingg

Diet:

carnivoref

Reproduction:

viviparoussubc

Comments:

"largely confined to terrestrial substrates" and not scansorial (Gebo and Rose 1993)g

Created:

2011-04-25 11:49:37

Modified:

2011-04-24 20:49:37

Source: g = genus, f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum

References: Lillegraven 1979, Gebo and Rose 1993, Ji et al. 2002, Hendy et al. 2009, Gunnell 1998, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the Ypresian to the top of the Priabonian or 56.00000 to 33.90000 Ma

Collections (134 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Paleocene	58.7 - 55.8	Mongolia	O. sp. (133399)
Ypresian	56.0 - 47.8	United Kingdom (England)	Argillotherium toliapicum (13299) O. sp. (38868)
Ypresian	56.0 - 47.8	France (Île-de-France)	O. sp. (68437)
Ypresian	56.0 - 47.8	Belgium (Brabant)	Arfia woutersi (35531)
Ypresian	56.0 - 47.8	France (Oise)	O. woutersi (68174)
Graybullian	55.8 - 50.3	USA (Wyoming)	O. intermedia (15701)
Wasatchian	55.8 - 50.3	USA (Wyoming)	O. forcipata (15534 15576 15618 15687 15697 15702 15707 15814 15964 46682 46699 46701 46702 46719 46761 186935) O. forcipata, O. intermedia (15694 46733 46820) O. forcipata, O. sp. (15839) O. gulo (15505 15507 15509 15513 15589 15592 15594 15728 15741 15743 15754 15779 15793 15796 15943 46636 46646 46672 46674 46690 46726 46771 46778 46781 46786 46793 46797 46803 46807 46812 46841) O. gulo, O. intermedia (15683 46780 46792 46834) O. intermedia (15593 15682 15692 15703 15783 46696 46721 46730 46735 46738 46794 46813 46819 46836) O. sp. (15455 15479 15518 15520 15522 15523 15524 15531 15532 15540 15541 15542 15546 15547 15549 15551 15553 15554 15555 15556 15557 15558 15565 15662 15704 46727 46739 46756 46790 46801 46809 46821 46831) O. sp., O. gulo (15510 15512 15516)
Wasatchian	55.8 - 50.3	Mexico (Baja California)	O. sp. (15671)
Wasatchian	55.8 - 50.3	USA (New Mexico)	O. forcipata (15608) O. lupina, O. simpsoni (15663) Stypolophus morsitans (15452)
Wasatchian	55.8 - 50.3	USA (Colorado)	O. forcipata (15220 15371 15374 15375 15377 15381) O. gulo (15425) O. lupina (15399 15650) O. pardalis (15416 15424)
Early/Lower Eocene	55.8 - 48.6	USA (Wyoming)	O. forcipata (15680 15690) O. intermedia (15700) O. sp. (15684)
Early/Lower Eocene	55.8 - 48.6	France (Marne)	O. sp. (182644)
Early/Lower Eocene	55.8 - 48.6	China (Shandong)	O. sp. (77929)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	United Kingdom (England)	Argillotherium toliapicum (39643)