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Martes (marten)
Taxonomy
Martes was named by Frisch (1775). It is extant.
It was assigned to Mustelinae by Ginsburg (1977), Kurten and Anderson (1980), Mein and Ginsburg (1997), Baskin (1998) and Marmi et al. (2004); to Martinae by Baryshnikov (2009); and to Mustelidae by Frisch (1775), Wilson (1967), Kurten (1968), Carroll (1988), Morlo (1996) and Werdelin and Peigne (2010).
It was assigned to Mustelinae by Ginsburg (1977), Kurten and Anderson (1980), Mein and Ginsburg (1997), Baskin (1998) and Marmi et al. (2004); to Martinae by Baryshnikov (2009); and to Mustelidae by Frisch (1775), Wilson (1967), Kurten (1968), Carroll (1988), Morlo (1996) and Werdelin and Peigne (2010).
Species
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1775 | Martes Frisch |
| 1967 | Martes Wilson p. 211 |
| 1968 | Martes Kurten p. 92 |
| 1977 | Martes Ginsburg p. 226 |
| 1980 | Martes Kurten and Anderson p. 147 |
| 1988 | Martes Carroll |
| 1996 | Martes Morlo p. 227 |
| 1997 | Martes Mein and Ginsburg p. 828 |
| 1998 | Martes Baskin p. 162 |
| 2004 | Martes Marmi et al. p. 492 |
| 2009 | Martes Baryshnikov p. 83 |
| 2010 | Martes Werdelin and Peigne p. 620 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Martes Frisch 1775 [marten]
show all | hide all
Martes caurina Merriam 1890
Martes flavigula Boddaert 1785 [yellow-throated marten]
Martes flavigula saba Chasen and Kloss 1931
†Martes foina Erxleben 1777
†Martes foxi Hibbard and Riggs 1949
†Martes gazini Hibbard 1958
†Martes intermedius Heller 1913
†Martes khelifensis Ginsburg 1977
Martes martes Linnaeus 1758 [European pine marten]
†Martes melampus Wagner 1841
†Martes parviloba Cope 1873
†Martes stirtoni Wilson 1968
†Martes vetus Kretzoi 1947
Martes zibellina Linnaeus 1758 [sable]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
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| Source: g = genus, f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Gebo and Rose 1993, Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Nowak 1991, Ji et al. 2002, Lillegraven 1979 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Burdigalian to the top of the Holocene or 20.44000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 20.0 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 20.0 Ma
Collections (105 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Early/Lower Miocene - Middle Miocene | Spain (Castile-La Mancha) | Martes pusilla (136269) | |
| Miocene | France | Martes filholi, Martes pusilla, Martes delphinensis, Martes cadeoti, Martes munki (200296) | |
| MN 2 | Germany (R.-P. and Hesse) | Martes species (69606) | |
| Burdigalian | France (Loiret) | Martes muncki (181641) | |
| Burdigalian | Saudi Arabia | Martes sp. (47074) | |
| Burdigalian - Langhian | Thailand | Martes sp. (48126) | |
| Burdigalian - Tortonian | France | Martes laevidens (187579) | |
| MN 3 | Germany (Bavaria) | Martes laevidens (68040) | |
| MN 4 | France (Gers) | Martes sainjoni, Martes muncki (69099) | |
| MN 4 | France (Centre) | Martes sainjoni, Martes muncki, Martes burdigaliensis (69116) | |
| MN 4 | France (Midi-Pyrénées) | Martes burdigalensis (71873) | |
| Langhian | Spain (Catalonia) | Martes sp. (180192) | |
| Langhian | France | Martes munki (90354) | |
| Langhian | France (Maine-et-Loire) | Martes sansaniensis (148396) | |
| Barstovian | USA (Nebraska) | Plionictis parviloba (18284) | |
| Barstovian | USA (Oregon) | Martes gazini (19056) | |
| Barstovian | USA (California) | Martes sp. (19498) | |
| Early/Lower Barstovian | USA (Montana) | Martes sp. (18803) | |
| Langhian - Serravallian | France (Midi-Pyrenees) | Martes sansaniensis, Martes muncki (32191) | |
| Astaracian | Morocco (Tadla-Azilal) | Martes khelifensis (48630) | |
| Barstovian - Early/Lower Clarendonian | USA (New Mexico) | Mustelidae indet. (19286) | |
| Langhian - Tortonian | France (Maine-et-Loire) | Martes sp. (142149) | |
| Middle Miocene - Late/Upper Miocene | China (Nei Mongol) | Martes sp. (28781) | |
| Middle Miocene - Late/Upper Miocene | Spain (Catalonia) | Martes sp. (199537) | |
| Clarendonian | USA (Kansas) | Martes stirtoni (18450) | |
| Clarendonian | USA (Oregon) | Martes sp. (18818 18831) | |
| MN 7 + 8 | Spain | Martes burdigalensis, Martes sp. (70806) | |
| Tortonian | Germany (Bavaria) | Martes pusillus (34256) Martes sansaniensis (206345) | |
| Tortonian | Serbia and Montenegro (Serbia) | Martes munki (39709) | |
| Tortonian | China (Yunnan) | Martes paleosinensis, Martes sp. (11798) | |
| MN 9 | Hungary (Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén) | Martes filholi (75481) | |
| Hemphillian | USA (Oregon) | Martes sp. (19015) | |
| Hemphillian | USA (Nebraska) | Martes sp. (18086) | |
| Late/Upper Hemphillian | USA (Nebraska) | Martes sp. (18359) | |
| Late/Upper Hemphillian | USA (Arizona) | Martes sp. (19514 19612) | |
| early Early Hemphillian | USA (Texas) | Martes sp. (19538) | |
| Turolian | China (Yunnan) | Martes paleosinensis (44221 44224) Martes sp. (44223) | |
| Turolian | Greece (Central Macedonia) | Martes lefkonensis (32189) | |
| Turolian | Russian Federation (Rostovskaya Oblast') | Martes sp. (174455) | |
| Turolian | Kazakhstan | Martes paleosinensis (34436) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | Canada (Northwest Territories) | Martes sp. (20083) | |
| Pliocene - Pleistocene | France (Midi-Pyrenees) | Martes sp. (35076) | |
| Blancan | USA (Kansas) | Martes foxi (19932) | |
| MN 15 | Poland | Martes wenzensis (33396) | |
| MN 15 | Moldova | Martes sp. (50940) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Italy (Tuscany) | Martes sp. (44146) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Germany (Thüringen) | Martes martes (45065 45069) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | China (Anhui) | Martes pachygnatha, Martes anderssoni (68380) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Romania | Martes vetus (33974) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | China ( Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region) | Martes sp. (214689) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Georgia | Martes sp. (56733) | |
| Pleistocene | Israel | Martes foina (225664) | |
| Pleistocene | Italy (Verona) | Martes sp., Martes martes (43656) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (West Virginia) | Martes americana (125941) | |
| Pleistocene | Georgia | Martes foina, Martes martes (56735) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Colorado) | Martes sp. (20559) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Nevada) | Martes americana (20280) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Germany (Sachsen-Anhalt) | Martes martes (36206) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Germany (Baden-Wuerttemberg) | Martes sp. (50259) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | France (Haute-Pyrenees) | Martes foina (49094) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Czech Republic | Martes foina (36219) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | United Kingdom (Norfolk) | Martes sp., Martes sylvatica (49816) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Hungary | Martes sp. (35045) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Hungary (Borsodabaujzemplen) | Martes sp. (35472) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Italy (Trieste) | Martes martes (43699) | |
| Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene | Monaco | Mustela martes (191730) | |
| Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene | Greece (Lakonia) | Martes foina (32082) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Greece (Ioannina) | Martes sp. (208564) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Virginia) | Martes americana (82258 103991 104679) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (California) | Martes americana (225801) Martes nobilis (74235) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | USA (Wyoming) | Martes nobilis (93181) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (West Virginia) | Martes americana (93332 123868) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Greece (Dodecanese) | Martes foina (182809) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (high glacial) | Canada (Alberta) | Martes americana (93528) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Greece (Crete) | Martes foina (183124) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Greece (Peloponnesus) | Martes sp. (184245) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Italy (Vicenza) | Martes martes (43689) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Israel | Martes foina (225667) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | USA (Ohio) | Martes americana (93334) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Michigan) | Martes americana (200485) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Wyoming) | Martes americana, Martes nobilis (93277) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Portugal | Martes sp. (197768) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (glacial) | USA (California) | Martes americana (155393) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Norway | Martes martes (227461) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene (late glacial) | USA (Nevada) | Martes americana, Martes nobilis (93291) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | USA (Virginia) | Martes americana (104044) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | Greece (Peloponnesus) | Martes foina, Martes martes (184243) | |
| Holocene | Russian Federation | Martes zibellina (171637) | |
| Holocene | Canada (Northwest Territories7) | Martes martes (228921) | |
| Holocene | Netherlands | Martes martes (55533) | |
| Holocene | United Kingdom | Martes martes (122112) | |
| Holocene | Canada (Quebec) | Martes americana (221970 224189) | |
| Holocene | USA (Maine) | Mustela americana (176524) | |
| Holocene | Canada (Ontario) | Martes americana (221863) |