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Taxonomy
Urocyon was named by Baird (1857). It is extant.
It was assigned to Canidae by Baird (1857), Bourguignat (1875), Kurten and Anderson (1980) and Carroll (1988); and to Vulpini by Wang et al. (2008), Tedford et al. (2009) and Ruiz-Ramoni et al. (2022).
It was assigned to Canidae by Baird (1857), Bourguignat (1875), Kurten and Anderson (1980) and Carroll (1988); and to Vulpini by Wang et al. (2008), Tedford et al. (2009) and Ruiz-Ramoni et al. (2022).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1857 | Urocyon Baird |
| 1875 | Urocyon Bourguignat |
| 1980 | Urocyon Kurten and Anderson p. 173 |
| 1988 | Urocyon Carroll |
| 2008 | Urocyon Wang et al. |
| 2009 | Urocyon Tedford et al. p. 68 |
| 2022 | Urocyon Ruiz-Ramoni et al. p. 101 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Urocyon Baird 1857 [gray fox]
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Urocyon cinereoargenteus Schreber 1775 [gray fox]
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Urocyon cinereoargenteus borealis Merriam 1903
Urocyon cinereoargenteus californicus Mearns 1897
Urocyon cinereoargenteus cinereoargenteus Schreber 1775
Urocyon cinereoargenteus costaricensis Goodwin 1938
Urocyon cinereoargenteus fraterculus Elliot 1896
Urocyon cinereoargenteus furvus Allen and Barbour 1923
Urocyon cinereoargenteus guatemalae Miller 1899
Urocyon cinereoargenteus madrensis Burt and Hooper 1941
Urocyon cinereoargenteus nigrirostris Lichtenstein 1850
Urocyon cinereoargenteus ocythous Bangs 1899
Urocyon cinereoargenteus orinomus Goldman 1938
Urocyon cinereoargenteus peninsularis Huey 1928
Urocyon cinereoargenteus scottii Mearns 1891
Urocyon cinereoargenteus townsendi Merriam 1899
Urocyon cinereoargenteus venezuelae Allen 1911
Invalid names: Canis virginianus Schreber 1775 [synonym], Urocyon californicus Merriam 1899 [synonym], Urocyon guatemalae Miller 1899 [synonym], Urocyon parvidens Miller 1899 [synonym], Urocyon seminolensis Simpson 1929 [synonym]
Urocyon cinereoargenteus floridanus Rhoades 1895
†Urocyon citrinus Tedford et al. 2009
Urocyon littoralis Baird 1857 [island gray fox]
†Urocyon minicephalus Martin 1974
†Urocyon progressus Stevens 1965
Urocyon virginianus Baird 1857
†Urocyon webbi Tedford et al. 2009
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| R. H. Tedford et al. 2009 | Differs from other vulpines in the following apomorphies: nasals extend posterior to the frontal-maxillary suture; larger more posterieorly extended depression on dorsal surface of postorbital process accentuated by parasagittal ridges that begin at postorbital processes; frontal crests lyrate, strongly ridged, and joining behind frontoparietal suture; frontal part of braincase more expanded with wider postor- bital constriction; medial cusplets on I1–I2 absent; canines with short and little recurved crowns; anterolabial cingulum of P4 often produced as parastyle; m1 entoconid and hypoconid usually connected by cristids to form transverse crest, hypoconulid relatively large; m2 trigonid shorter with paraconid varying from small (U. citrinus) to absent, talonid narrower with hypoconulid varying from distinct cusp to shelf; and in derived species, horizontal ramus with subangular lobe, condyle above alveolar border, and shallow depression ventral to masseteric fossa. |