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Amphicyon
Taxonomy
Amphicyon was named by Lartet (1836) [type European A. major; also said to be 1837]. Its type is Amphicyon major.
It was assigned to Carnivora by Lydekker (1876); to Canidae by Bourguignat (1875) and Rovereto (1914); to Amphicyoninae by Hunt (1998) and Sach and Heizmann (2001); to Amphicyonidae by Lartet (1836), Carroll (1988) and Werdelin and Peigne (2010); and to Amphicyonini by Morales et al. (2021).
It was assigned to Carnivora by Lydekker (1876); to Canidae by Bourguignat (1875) and Rovereto (1914); to Amphicyoninae by Hunt (1998) and Sach and Heizmann (2001); to Amphicyonidae by Lartet (1836), Carroll (1988) and Werdelin and Peigne (2010); and to Amphicyonini by Morales et al. (2021).
Species
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1836 | Amphicyon Lartet |
| 1875 | Amphicyon Bourguignat |
| 1876 | Amphicyon Lydekker |
| 1914 | Amphicyon Rovereto p. 150 |
| 1988 | Amphicyon Carroll |
| 1998 | Amphicyon Hunt, Jr. p. 213 |
| 2001 | Amphicyon Sach and Heizmann p. 28 |
| 2010 | Amphicyon Werdelin and Peigne p. 605 |
| 2021 | Amphicyon Morales et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Amphicyon Lartet 1836
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Subg. †Amphicyon (Euroamphicyon) Ginsburg 1999
†Amphicyon argentinus Ameghino 1904
†Amphicyon frendens Matthew 1924
†Amphicyon galushai Hunt, Jr. 2003
†Amphicyon giganteus Schinz 1825
†Amphicyon gracilis Pomel 1847
†Amphicyon ingens Matthew 1924
†Amphicyon intermedius White 1940
†Amphicyon lathanicus Ginsburg 2000
†Amphicyon laugnacensis Ginsburg 1999
†Amphicyon longiramus White 1942
†Amphicyon major De Blainville 1841
†Amphicyon olisiponensis Antunes and Ginsburg 1977
†Amphicyon palaeindicus Falconer and Lydekker 1876
†Amphicyon pontoni Simpson 1930
†Amphicyon reinheimeri Cook 1926
†Amphicyon riggsi McGrew 1939
†Amphicyon zhanxiangi Jiangzuo et al. 2018
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Lillegraven 1979, Hunt 1998, Carroll 1988, Ji et al. 2002, Hendy et al. 2009 | |||||
Collections (119 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Late/Upper Oligocene | Georgia | A. sp. (182744) | |
| MP 30 | Germany (North Rhine-Westfalia) | A. sp. (84606) | |
| Chattian | Switzerland (Canton Solothurn) | A. sp. (182805) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Germany | A. major (70338) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene - Middle Miocene | Spain (Castile-La Mancha) | A. major (136269) | |
| Miocene | India (Madhya Pradesh) | A. palaeindicus (232179) | |
| Miocene | USA (Texas) | A. pontoni (18702) | |
| Miocene | USA (Colorado) | A. major (19008) | |
| Miocene | Pakistan | A. palaeindicus (232178) | |
| Miocene | USA (Montana) | A. riggsi (19012) | |
| Burdigalian | Spain (Toledo) | A. mayor (40721) | |
| Burdigalian | Spain (Valencia) | A. major (40031) | |
| Burdigalian | China (Jiangsu) | A. sp. (41813 42067) | |
| Burdigalian | France (Loiret) | A. gigateum (181641) A. lathanicus (181642 181675) | |
| Burdigalian | Portugal (Lisbon) | A. major (36632) | |
| Burdigalian | France (Maine-et-Loire) | A. bohemicus (48069) | |
| Burdigalian | USA (Delaware) | A. intermedius (18579) | |
| Burdigalian | Germany (Baden-Württemberg) | A. major (49102) A. sp., A. giganteus (69098) | |
| Burdigalian | China (Shandong) | A. confucianus (41810 43398) | |
| Burdigalian | Saudi Arabia | A. sp. (47097) | |
| Burdigalian - Langhian | Germany (Baden-Wurttemberg) | A. major (106003) | |
| Burdigalian - Tortonian | France | A. giganteus (187580) A. lathanicus (187579) | |
| Early/Lower Hemingfordian | USA (Colorado) | A. galushai (35608) | |
| Early/Lower Hemingfordian | USA (Nebraska) | A. galushai (17891 17923 17937 17942 35606 35607) A. sp. (17898 17934 17940 17954 17963) | |
| Early/Lower Hemingfordian | USA (Oregon) | A. sp. (167866) | |
| Hemingfordian | USA (Florida) | A. longiramus (18597) A. pontoni (18561) | |
| Hemingfordian | USA (Texas) | A. sp. (18626) | |
| Hemingfordian | USA (Oregon) | A. frendens (212622) | |
| Hemingfordian | USA (Nebraska) | A. frendens (18001) A. sp. (17920 17961 18000) | |
| MN 3 | Germany (Bavaria) | A. socialis, A. helbingi, A. acutidens, A. dietrichi, A. crassidens, A. giganteus (68040) | |
| MN 3 | Pakistan (Balochistan) | A. cooperi (77779) | |
| Orleanian | France | A. lathanicus (142146) | |
| MN 4 | France (Gers) | A. giganteus (69099) | |
| MN 4 | France (Centre) | A. giganteus (69116) | |
| MN 4 | France (Midi-Pyrénées) | A. steinheimensis, A. iactorensis, A. major, A. giganteus (71873) | |
| MN 4 | France (Alsac) | A. giganteus (69106) | |
| MN 4 | Egypt | A. giganteus (53970) | |
| MN 4 | Pakistan (Balochistan) | A. cooperi (69540) | |
| Barstovian | USA (Oregon) | A. frendens (18809 19017 19056) | |
| Barstovian | USA (California) | A. ingens (19472 19557 19581 19616) A. sp. (19548 19598) | |
| Barstovian | USA (Colorado) | A. ingens (18203) | |
| Barstovian | USA (Texas) | A. longiramus (18637 18705) | |
| Early/Lower Barstovian | USA (New Mexico) | A. ingens (19547) | |
| Early/Lower Barstovian | USA (Nebraska) | A. ingens (17880) A. sp. (17905 17919 17955 17971 17983) Amphicyonidae indet. (17985) | |
| Early/Lower Barstovian | USA (Texas) | A. sp. (18665) | |
| Early/Lower Barstovian - early Late Barstovian | USA (California) | A. ingens (156738) | |
| Langhian | France (Maine-et-Loire) | A. bohemicus (148396) | |
| Langhian | USA (Maryland) | A. sp. (48884) | |
| Langhian | France (Region Centre) | A. giganteus (35441) | |
| Langhian | Pakistan (Sind) | A. sp. (71444) | |
| Langhian | USA (Virginia) | A. frendens (79793) | |
| Langhian | France | A. bohemicus (148395) A. giganteus (90354) | |
| MN 5 | Turkey (Bursa) | A. major (68547) | |
| MN 5 | France (Midi-Pyrenees Region) | A. steinheimensis (32072) | |
| MN 5 | France (Midi-Pyrenees region) | A. steinheimensis (32073) | |
| MN 5 - MN 6 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | A. giganteus (198251) | |
| MN 5 - MN 6 | Portugal | A. major (65912) | |
| Langhian - Serravallian | France (Midi-Pyrenees) | A. major (32191) | |
| Langhian - Serravallian | Spain | A. sp. (187347) | |
| Middle Miocene | Namibia | A. giganteus (21855) | |
| Middle Miocene | India (Jammu and Kashmir) | A. sp. (11797) | |
| Middle Miocene | Nepal | A. palaeindicus (48701) | |
| Middle Miocene | Pakistan (Punjab) | A. palaeindicus (13472) | |
| Middle Miocene | France (Gers) | A. major (143472) | |
| Middle Miocene | Spain (Madrid) | A. major (197673) A. sp. (197674) | |
| Langhian - Tortonian | France (Midi-Pyrenees Region) | A. major (31775) | |
| Langhian - Tortonian | France (Maine-et-Loire) | A. sp., A. lathanicus (142149) | |
| Middle Miocene - Late/Upper Miocene | China (Nei Mongol) | A. tairumensis (28781) | |
| Serravallian | Pakistan (Sind) | A. sp. (71449 71451) | |
| Serravallian - Tortonian | France (Maine-et-Loire) | A. major (54136) | |
| MN 6 | China (Gansu) | A. tairumensis, A. zhanxiangi (71105) | |
| MN 6 | Portugal (Santarém) | A. major (38139) | |
| MN 6 | Slovakia (Bratislava) | A. steinheimensis, A. major (69711) | |
| MN 6 - MN 7 + 8 | Slovakia | A. sp. (69712) | |
| Clarendonian | USA (Texas) | A. sp. (18645 207489) | |
| Tortonian | Austria (Niederösterreich) | A. sp. (45043) | |
| Tortonian | Germany (Bavaria) | A. sp. (206345) | |
| Vallesian | Spain (Segovia) | A. major (40768) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Pakistan (Punjab) | A. palaeindicus (13473) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Nepal (Dang Valley) | A. palaeindicus (201837) | |
| Pliocene | Russian Federation (Stavropol'skaya) | A. sp. (76537) |