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Taxonomy
Spermophilus was named by Cuvier (1825). It is extant.
It was assigned to Arctomina by Gray (1825); to Sciuridae by Cuvier (1825), Kurten and Anderson (1980) and McKenna and Bell (1997); and to Marmotini by Mercer and Roth (2003) and Helgen et al. (2009).
It was assigned to Arctomina by Gray (1825); to Sciuridae by Cuvier (1825), Kurten and Anderson (1980) and McKenna and Bell (1997); and to Marmotini by Mercer and Roth (2003) and Helgen et al. (2009).
Species
Citellus ridgwayi, S. armatus, S. boothi, S. cochisei, S. columbianus, S. cragini, S. cyanocittus, S. dotti, S. finlayensis, S. fricki, S. howelli, S. jerae, S. johnstoni, S. lorisrusselli, S. matachicensis, S. matthewi, S. mcgheei, S. mckayensis, S. meadensis, S. meltoni, S. primitivus, S. rexroadensis, S. russelli, S. shotwelli, S. spilosoma, S. superciliosus, S. taylori, S. tridecemlineatus, S. tuitus, S. wellingtonensis, S. wilsoni
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1816 | Citellus Oken |
| 1825 | Spermophilus Cuvier |
| 1825 | Spermophilus Gray p. 342 |
| 1980 | Spermophilus Kurten and Anderson p. 212 |
| 1997 | Spermophilus McKenna and Bell |
| 2003 | Spermophilus Mercer and Roth |
| 2009 | Spermophilus Helgen et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Spermophilus Cuvier 1825 [ground squirrel]
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Spermophilus armatus Kennicott 1863
†Spermophilus boothi Hibbard 1972
†Spermophilus cochisei Gidley 1922
Spermophilus columbianus Ord 1815 [Columbian ground squirrel]
†Spermophilus cragini Hibbard 1941
†Spermophilus cyanocittus Korth 1997
†Spermophilus dotti Hibbard 1954
†Spermophilus finlayensis Strain 1966
†Spermophilus fricki Hibbard 1942
†Spermophilus howelli Hibbard 1941
†Spermophilus jerae Sutton and Korth 1995
†Spermophilus johnstoni Hibbard 1972
†Spermophilus lorisrusselli Hibbard 1976
†Spermophilus matachicensis Wilson 1949
†Spermophilus matthewi Black 1963
†Spermophilus mcgheei Strain 1966
†Spermophilus mckayensis Shotwell 1956
†Spermophilus meadensis Hibbard 1941
†Spermophilus meltoni Hibbard 1972
†Spermophilus primitivus Bryant 1945
†Spermophilus rexroadensis Hibbard 1941
†Spermophilus russelli Gustafson 1978
†Spermophilus shotwelli Black 1963
Spermophilus spilosoma Bennett 1833 [spotted ground squirrel]
†Spermophilus superciliosus Kaup 1839
†Spermophilus taylori Hay 1921
Spermophilus tridecemlineatus Mitchell 1821 [thirteen-lined ground squirrel]
†Spermophilus tuitus Hay 1921
†Spermophilus wellingtonensis Kelly 1997
†Spermophilus wilsoni Shotwell 1956
Invalid names: Citellus Oken 1816 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
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| Source: g = genus, f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Nowak 1991, Fernández et al. 2000, Lillegraven 1979, Ji et al. 2002, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the MN 6 to the top of the Holocene or 13.65000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 12.75 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 12.75 Ma
Collections (290 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Miocene | USA (California) | Citellus sp. (19379) | |
| Miocene | USA (Oklahoma) | Citellus dotti (18094) | |
| Miocene | USA (Montana) | Spermophilus sp. (19000) | |
| Miocene | Mexico (Chihuahua) | Spermophilus shotwelli (18714) | |
| Barstovian | USA (Oregon) | Citellus ridgwayi (19056) | |
| Barstovian | USA (South Dakota) | Spermophilus sp. (18397) | |
| Barstovian | Canada (Saskatchewan) | Spermophilus sp. (18759) | |
| Barstovian | USA (Montana) | Citellus primitivus (18894) | |
| Barstovian | USA (Nebraska) | Spermophilus sp. (18284) | |
| Barstovian | USA (Wyoming) | Spermophilus primitivus (18990) | |
| Early/Lower Barstovian | USA (Montana) | Spermophilus jerae (18803) | |
| early Late Barstovian | USA (Montana) | Spermophilus sp. (18848) | |
| Barstovian - Early/Lower Clarendonian | USA (Kansas) | Spermophilus sp. (18187) | |
| Serravallian | Slovakia (Bratislava) | Spermophilus bredai (58983) | |
| MN 6 | Slovakia (Bratislava) | Spermophilus bredai (69711) | |
| Clarendonian | USA (California) | Citellus sp. (19380) | |
| Clarendonian | USA (Nebraska) | Spermophilus cyanocittus (18324 188779) | |
| Clarendonian | USA (Oregon) | Citellus sp. (18820) | |
| Clarendonian | USA (South Dakota) | Citellus sp. (18268) | |
| Late/Upper Clarendonian | USA (Nebraska) | Spermophilus cyanocittus (18066 18327) | |