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Ondatra (muskrat)
Taxonomy
Ondatra was named by Link (1795). It is extant.
It was assigned to Ondatrina by Gray (1825); to Microtinae by Kurten and Anderson (1980); to Arvicolidae by Shoshani et al. (1989); to Cricetidae by Link (1795), Wilson (1967) and McKenna and Bell (1997); to Ondatrini by Galewski et al. (2006); and to Ondatrinae by Albright et al. (2019).
It was assigned to Ondatrina by Gray (1825); to Microtinae by Kurten and Anderson (1980); to Arvicolidae by Shoshani et al. (1989); to Cricetidae by Link (1795), Wilson (1967) and McKenna and Bell (1997); to Ondatrini by Galewski et al. (2006); and to Ondatrinae by Albright et al. (2019).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1795 | Ondatra Link |
| 1825 | Ondatra Gray p. 341 |
| 1899 | Anaptogonia Cope |
| 1902 | Anaptogonia Hay p. 728 |
| 1937 | Neondatra Hibbard |
| 1937 | Pliopotamys Hibbard |
| 1967 | Ondatra Wilson p. 209 |
| 1980 | Ondatra Kurten and Anderson p. 265 |
| 1980 | Pliopotamys Kurten and Anderson p. 265 |
| 1989 | Ondatra Shoshani et al. p. 436 |
| 1997 | Neondatra McKenna and Bell |
| 1997 | Ondatra McKenna and Bell |
| 1997 | Pliopotamys McKenna and Bell |
| 2006 | Ondatra Galewski et al. |
| 2019 | Ondatra Albright et al. p. 159 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Ondatra Link 1795 [muskrat]
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†Ondatra annectens Brown 1908
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Invalid names: Fiber oregonus Hollister 1911 [synonym], Ondatra kansasensis Hibbard 1944 [synonym]
†Ondatra idahoensis Wilson 1933
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Invalid names: Anaptogonia cloacina Cope 1896 [synonym], Arvicola hiatidens Cope 1871 [synonym]
†Ondatra minor Kretzoi 1955
Ondatra zibethicus Linnaeus 1766 [muskrat]
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Invalid names: Fiber nebrascensis Hollister 1911 [synonym], Ondatra triradicatus Starrett 1956 [synonym]
Invalid names: Anaptogonia Cope 1899 [synonym], Neondatra Hibbard 1937 [synonym], Pliopotamys Hibbard 1937 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
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| Source: g = genus, o = order, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Gingerich 2003, Nowak 1999, Carroll 1988, Ji et al. 2002, Lillegraven 1979, Hendy et al. 2009 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Blancan to the top of the Holocene or 4.90000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 2.588 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 2.588 Ma
Collections (177 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pliocene | USA (Idaho) | Pliopotamys minor (189134) | |
| Blancan | USA (Arizona) | Ondatra idahoensis (19646 19658) Pliopotamys meadensis (19618) Pliopotamys sp. (19654) | |
| Blancan | USA (Washington) | Pliopotamys minor (20062) | |
| Blancan | USA (Nevada) | Ondatra sp. (19965) | |
| Blancan | USA (Kansas) | Ondatra idahoensis (19942 19943 19944 19945 19951) Pliopotamys meadensis (19929 19930) | |
| Blancan | USA (Idaho) | Ondatra idahoensis (19769 19771 19773 19774 19775 19777 19780 19783 19786 19789 19790 19795 19798 19912 19915 19916) Ondatra sp. (19919) Pliopotamys idahoensis (19910 19911 19913) Pliopotamys minor (19815 19817 19819 19889 19903 19904 19905 19906 19908 19917 93106) | |
| Blancan | USA (Nebraska) | Ondatra idahoensis (19964) Ondatra sp. (19954 19956) Pliopotamys meadensis (19955 19963) | |
| Blancan | USA (New Mexico) | Pliopotamys sp. (19970) | |
| Blancan | USA (California) | Pliopotamys minor (20119) | |
| Blancan | USA (Wyoming) | Pliopotamys meadensis (20065) | |
| Blancan - Irvingtonian | USA (California) | Ondatra sp. (20298) | |
| Blancan - Irvingtonian | USA (Idaho) | Ondatra sp. (20430) | |
| Gelasian | USA (Kansas) | Ondatra idahoensis (19927) | |
| Gelasian | USA (Florida) | Ondatra idahoensis (20384) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | Ondatra idahoensis (98313) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | USA (South Carolina) | Ondatra idahoensis (206956) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (Maryland) | Ondatra zibethica (126660) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (West Virginia) | Ondatra annectens (123875) Ondatra annectens, Ondatra zibethicus (124319) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | Ondatra zibethicus (227368) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (Tennessee) | Ondatra zibethicus (74246) | |
| Calabrian | USA (Virginia) | Ondatra zibethicus (104698) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Arkansas) | Ondatra annectens (20290) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (California) | Ondatra idahoensis (20124 20319 28223) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Iowa) | Ondatra sp. (20556) | |
| Irvingtonian | Canada (Yukon) | Ondatra zibethicus (20434) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (West Virginia) | Ondatra annectens (20286 20554) Ondatra sp. (20555) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Kansas) | Ondatra annectens (20293 20301 20352 20391 20562) Ondatra nebrascensis (20142 20332 20390) Ondatra sp. (20567) Ondatra zibethicus (20312 20422 20423 20424) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Nevada) | Ondatra idahoensis (20012) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Oklahoma) | Ondatra nebrascensis (20309) Ondatra triradicatus (20157) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Florida) | Ondatra annectens (20475) Ondatra idahoensis (20308 20385) Ondatra sp. (20478) Ondatra zibethicus (20520) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Maryland) | Ondatra annectens (20302) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Colorado) | Ondatra sp. (20410 20477) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Pennsylvania) | Anaptogonia cloacina, Anaptogonia hiatidens (20479) Ondatra hiatidens (20354) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (South Dakota) | Ondatra annectens (20389) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Texas) | Ondatra annectens (20163 20306 20342 20413 20451 20560) Ondatra hiatidens (20337) Ondatra zibethicus (20318) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Nebraska) | Ondatra annectens (20523) Ondatra nebrascensis (20143 20154 20347 20348 20375 20376 20500 20501) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Arizona) | Ondatra idahoensis (20341) | |
| Irvingtonian - Rancholabrean | USA (Kansas) | Ondatra zibethicus (20492) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | USA (Colorado) | Ondatra annectens (20369) | |
| Rancholabrean | USA (Nevada) | Ondatra zibethicus (223356) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (high glacial) | USA (Texas) | Ondatra zibethicus (93103) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Virginia) | Ondatra sp. (103358 104664) Ondatra zibethicus (82258 103991 104697 104758 124089) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | Canada (Saskatchewan) | Ondatra zibethicus (20635) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Arizona) | Ondatra zibethicus (63562) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Montana) | Ondatra xibethicus (162132) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | Canada (Yukon) | Ondatra zibethicus (20626) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Oregon) | Fiber oregonus (93251) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Georgia) | Ondatra zibethicus (13066) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | USA (Oklahoma) | Ondatra zibethicus (74145) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (high glacial) | USA (Nebraska) | Ondatra zibethicus (93179) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (Kansas) | Ondatra zibethicus (20605) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (Florida) | Ondatra zibethicus (20647) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (Utah) | Ondatra sp. (20641) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | Canada (Alberta) | Ondatra zibethicus (20615) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (Idaho) | Ondatra zibethicus (20569) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (high glacial) | USA (Montana) | Ondatra zibethicus (93182) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | USA (Texas) | Ondatra zibethicus (93143 93259) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | USA (Ohio) | Ondatra sp. (82996) Ondatra zibethicus (93208) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (South Carolina) | Ondatra zibethicus (206987) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Canada (Ontario) | Ondatra zibethicus (20602) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (West Virginia) | Ondatra annectens, Ondatra zibethicus (123868) Ondatra zibethicus (124198 124199) Ondatra ziebethicus (93332) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | Ondatra zibethica (154773) Ondatra zibethicus (154805) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Michigan) | Ondatra zibethica (200325 200485 200623 200627) Ondatra zibethicus (63150) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | USA (Missouri) | Ondatra zibethicus (63566) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | USA (Virginia) | Ondatra sp. (104044) Ondatra zibethicus (104034 104689) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | USA (Utah) | Ondatra zibethicus (93326) | |
| Holocene | USA (Ohio) | Ondatra zibethicus (195062 195066 195069) | |
| Holocene | USA (Alaska) | Ondatra zibethicus (220460) | |
| Holocene | Canada (Northwest Territories) | Ondatra zibethicus (228921) | |
| Holocene | Canada (Quebec) | Ondatra zibethicus (221970 224189) | |
| Holocene | Canada (Ontario) | Ondatra zibethicus (221863) | |
| Holocene | USA (Virginia) | Ondatra zibethicus (104671 104675 104707) |