PBDB Taxon

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Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Periptychus

Mammalia - Periptychidae

Taxonomy

Periptychus was named by Cope (1881). It is the type genus of Periptychidae, Periptychinae.

It was assigned to Amblyctonidae by Cope (1881) and Cope (1881); to Periptychidae by Carroll (1988); and to Periptychinae by Hay (1902), Archibald (1998), Eberle (2003) and Halliday et al. (2017).

Species

Carsioptychus hamaxitus, P. carinidens (syn. P. gilmorei, Catathlaeus rhabdodon, P. superstes, Eohyus robustus), P. coarctatus (syn. P. matthewi, P. hamaxitus, Plagioptychus matthewi, P. brabensis)

Synonyms

Plagioptychus was named by Matthew (1936) [preoccupied; in Simpson 1936b].

It was synonymized subjectively with Carsioptychus by Simpson (1936); it was synonymized subjectively with Periptychus by Matthew (1937), Van Valen (1978), Williamson and Lucas (1993) and Williamson (1996).

It was assigned to Hippuritoida by Matthew (1936) and Sepkoski (2002).
Carsioptychus was named by Simpson (1936). It is not extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Periptychus by Van Valen (1978), Robison (1986), Williamson and Lucas (1993) and Williamson (1996).

It was assigned to Periptychinae by Archibald (1998); and to Periptychidae by Simpson (1936), Archibald et al. (1987), Carroll (1988) and Cifelli et al. (1999).
Catathlaeus was named by Cope (1881).

It was synonymized subjectively with Periptychus by Cope (1882), Cope (1884), Hay (1902), Simpson (1937), Matthew (1937), Simpson (1959), Lucas (1980), Rigby (1980), Taylor (1981), Tomida (1981), Williamson and Lucas (1993) and Williamson (1996).

It was assigned to Mammalia by Cope (1881).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1881	Periptychus Cope p. 337
1881	Catathlaeus Cope p. 487
1902	Periptychus Hay p. 693
1936	Plagioptychus Matthew
1936	Carsioptychus Simpson
1987	Carsioptychus Archibald et al.
1988	Carsioptychus Carroll
1988	Periptychus Carroll
1998	Carsioptychus Archibald
1998	Periptychus Archibald p. 312
1999	Carsioptychus Cifelli et al.
2002	Plagioptychus Sepkoski
2003	Periptychus Eberle p. 159
2017	Periptychus Halliday et al. p. 525

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()

Rank	Name	Author
—	Mammaliamorpha
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia
—	Theriamorpha	(Rowe 1993)
—	Theriiformes	()
—	Trechnotheria
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Boreoeutheria
—	Laurasiatheria
—	Scrotifera
—	Bulbulodentata
family	Periptychidae	Cope 1882
subfamily	Periptychinae	Osborn and Earle 1895
genus	Periptychus

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Periptychus Cope 1881

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†Periptychus carinidens Cope 1881

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Invalid names: Catathlaeus rhabdodon Cope 1881 [synonym], Eohyus robustus Marsh 1894 [synonym], Periptychus gilmorei Gazin 1938 [synonym], Periptychus superstes Matthew 1935 [synonym]

†Periptychus coarctatus Cope 1883

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Invalid names: Periptychus brabensis Cope 1888 [synonym], Periptychus hamaxitus Gazin 1941 [synonym], Periptychus matthewi Simpson 1936 [synonym], Plagioptychus matthewi Simpson 1936 [synonym]

Invalid names: Carsioptychus Simpson 1936 [synonym], Catathlaeus Cope 1881 [synonym], Plagioptychus Matthew 1936 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

terrestrialsubc

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Life habit:

ground dwellingf

Diet:

herbivoref

Reproduction:

viviparoussubc

Created:

2005-08-31 14:00:01

Modified:

2005-08-31 16:00:01

Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum

References: Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988, Ji et al. 2002, Archibald 1998, Lillegraven 1979

Age range: Torrejonian or 63.80000 to 60.90000 Ma

Collections (100 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Puercan	66.0 - 63.3	USA (Wyoming)	P. coarctatus (14706 14716 14719 14720 14721 14733)
Puercan	66.0 - 63.3	USA (Colorado)	Carsioptychus coarctatus (176748 205865 205867 205895 205900 205901 205903 205907 205908 205910 205914 205928 209872 209892 209904 209921 209924 209943 209946 209957 209964 209968 209976 210033) Carsioptychus coartatus (206072 206084) Carsioptychus sp. (206071) P. coarctatus (14659 14677 14678 14679 14680 14681 14682 14683 14685 14686 14746 14750 14792 14793)
Puercan	66.0 - 63.3	USA (New Mexico)	Carsioptychus sp. (14661) P. coarctatus (14703 14760 14794 14795) Plagioptychus matthewi (14662)
Puercan	66.0 - 63.3	USA (Utah)	Carsioptychus hamaxitus, P. hamaxitus (14790) P. coarctatus (14670 14692) P. hamaxitus (14736 14748)
Early/Lower Paleocene	66.0 - 61.7	USA (Texas)	P. sp. (226343)
Torrejonian	63.8 - 60.9	USA (New Mexico)	P. carinidens (14811 14815 14816 14824 14825 14826 14827 14832 14833 14834 14835 14856 14859 14860 14863 14865 14867 14868 14877 14888 14890 14892 14893) P. rhabdodon (14814 14819) P. sp., P. carinidens (14873)
Torrejonian	63.8 - 60.9	USA (Wyoming)	P. carinidens (14886)
Torrejonian	63.8 - 60.9	USA (Texas)	Carsioptychus coarctatus (14829) P. carinidens (14948 226344) P. sp., P. superstes (14975) P. superstes (14884)
Torrejonian	63.8 - 60.9	USA (Montana)	P. sp. (14885)
Torrejonian	63.8 - 60.9	USA (Utah)	P. gilmorei (14830) P. hamaxitus (14883)
Torrejonian - Tiffanian	63.8 - 56.8	USA (Wyoming)	P. carinidens (14820 14839 14844 14858)
Tiffanian	61.7 - 56.8	USA (Wyoming)	P. sp. (14984) Peryptychus carinidens (15067)