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Dichobunidae

Mammalia - Dichobunidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1872Dichobunidae Gill
1889Dichobunidae Cope p. 876
1910Dichobunidae Gregory p. 466
1911Dichobunidae Jaekel p. 234
1913Dichobunidae Scott p. 361
1938Dichobunidae Colbert p. 105
1958Dichobunidae Dehm and Oettingen-Spielberg p. 26
1971Dichobunidae Sahni and Khare p. 50
1972Dichobunidae Ranga Rao p. 3
1979Dichobunidae Gingerich et al. p. 118
1986Dichobunidae Hooker p. 376
1988Dichobunidae Carroll
1997Dichobunidae McKenna and Bell p. 400
2001Dichobunidae Thewissen et al. p. suppl.
2004Dichobunidae Kondrashov et al. p. 205
2004Dichobunidae Metais et al. p. 179
2004Dichobunidae Vislobokova p. 94
2007Dichobunidae Theodor et al. p. 42

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Life
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
Reptiliomorpha
Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
Cotylosauria()
Amniota
subclassSynapsida
Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
RankNameAuthor
Mammaliamorpha
Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
Theriiformes()
Trechnotheria
Cladotheria
Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
Eutheria()
Placentalia
Boreoeutheria
Laurasiatheria
Scrotifera
Euungulata
Artiodactylamorpha
Artiodactyla()
superfamilyDichobunoideaGill 1872
familyDichobunidaeGill 1872
familyDichobunidaeGill 1872

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Dichobunidae Gill 1872
show all | hide all
G. †Aksyiria Gabunia 1973
+
Aksyiria oligostus Gabunia 1973
G. †Cadutherium Métais et al. 2007
+
Cadutherium kyaukmagyi Métais et al. 2007
G. †Chorlakkia Gingerich et al. 1979
+
Chorlakkia hassani Gingerich et al. 1979
Chorlakkia valerii Vislobokova 2004
Subfm. †Dichobuninae Turner 1849
+
G. †Aumelasia Sudre 1980
+
Aumelasia gabineaudi Sudre 1980
Aumelasia maniai Erfurt and Haubold 1989
Aumelasia menieli Sudre 1983
Aumelasia sudrei Godinot et al. 2018
G. †Buxobune Sudre 1978
+
Buxobune daubreei Sudre 1978
G. †Dichobune Cuvier 1822
+
Dichobune fraasi Schlosser 1902
Dichobune jehennei Brunet and Sudre 1980
Dichobune leporina Cuvier 1822
Dichobune robertiana Gervais 1848
Dichobune sigei Sudre 1978
G. †Meniscodon Rütimeyer 1888
+
Meniscodon europaeum Rutimeyer 1888
Meniscodon picteti Rutimeyer 1891
G. †Messelobunodon Franzen 1980
+
Messelobunodon ceciliensis Franzen and Krumbiegel 1980
Messelobunodon schaeferi Franzen 1980
G. †Metriotherium Filhol 1882
+
Metriotherium mirabile Filhol 1882
Metriotherium paulum Stehlin 1906
Metriotherium sarelense Astruc et al. 2003
G. †Neufferia Franzen 1994
+
Neufferia manderscheidi Franzen 1994
G. †Protodichobune Lemoine 1891
+
Protodichobune hellmundi Godinot et al. 2018
Protodichobune oweni Lemoine 1878
G. †Synaphodus Pomel 1848
+
Invalid names: Dichobunini Turner 1849 [empty]
G. †Dulcidon Van Valen 1965
+
Dulcidon gandaensis Dehm and Oettingen-Spielberg 1958
Subfm. †Eurodexeinae Erfurt and Sudre 1996
+
G. †Eurodexis Erfurt and Sudre 1996
+
Eurodexis ceciliensis Franzen and Krumbiegel 1980
Eurodexis russelli Sudre and Erfurt 1996
G. †Eygalayodon Sudre and Marandat 1993
+
Eygalayodon montenati Sudre and Marandat 1993
G. †Lutzia Franzen 1994
+
Lutzia eckfeldensis Franzen 1994
G. †Parahexacodus Erfurt and Sudre 1996
+
Parahexacodus germanicus Erfurt and Sudre 1996
G. †Haqueina Dehm and Oettingen-Spielberg 1958
+
Haqueina haichinensis Vislobokova 2004
Subfm. †Helohyinae Marsh 1877
+
G. †Apriculus Gazin 1956
+
Apriculus praeteritus Gazin 1956
Subfm. †Hyperdichobuninae Gentry and Hooker 1988
+
G. †Hyperdichobune Stehlin 1910
+
Hyperdichobune hammeli Sudre 1978
Hyperdichobune langi Rutimeyer 1891
Hyperdichobune nobilis Stehlin 1906
Hyperdichobune spinifera Stehlin 1906
G. †Mouillacitherium Filhol 1882
+
Mouillacitherium carteri Rutimeyer 1891
Mouillacitherium cartieri Rutimeyer 1891
Mouillacitherium elegans Filhol 1882
Subfm. †Lantianiinae Metais et al. 2004
+
G. †Elaschitotherium Metais et al. 2004
+
Elaschitotherium qii Metais et al. 2004
G. †Eolantianius Averianov 1996
+
Eolantianius russelli Averianov 1996
G. †Lantianius Chow 1964
+
Lantianius xiehuensis Chow 1964
G. †Neochorlakkia Ducrocq et al. 2022
+
Neochorlakkia myaingensis Ducrocq et al. 2022
G. †Pakibune Thewissen et al. 1987
+
Pakibune chorlakkiensis Thewissen et al. 1987
G. †Paraphenacodus Gabunia 1971
+
Paraphenacodus solivagus Gabunia 1971
G. †Wutuhyus Tong and Wang 2006
+
Wutuhyus primiveris Tong and Wang 2006
Invalid names: Diacodexinae Gazin 1955 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Maximum body mass: 3 kgg
Minimum body mass: 300 gs
Environment: terrestrialf
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: frugivoref
Diet 2: omnivoref
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-09-01 06:18:28
Modified: 2005-09-01 08:18:28
Source: s = species, g = genus, f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Blondel 1996, Nowak 1999, Carroll 1988, Lillegraven 1979, Hendy et al. 2009, Legendre 1988

Age range: base of the Wasatchian to the top of the MP 26 or 55.80000 to 23.03000 Ma

Collections (100 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8Kyrgyzstan (Osh) Eolantianius russelli (28490)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8United Kingdom Protodichobune sp. (87950)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8France (Champagne-Ardenne) Aumelasia menieli, Eurodexis russelli (28546) Protodichobune oweni, Aumelasia menieli (73387)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8France Protodichobune oweni (183451)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8France (Champagne Ardenne) Protodichobune oweni, Aumelasia menieli (177753)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8France (Marne) Protodichobune oweni (181639) Protodichobune oweni, Aumelasia menieli, Eurodexis russelli (35539 35540 181653)
Ypresian - Lutetian56.0 - 41.3France (Languedoc-Roussillon Region) Dichobune robertiana, Cebochoerus ruetimeyeri, Hyperdichobune sp. (31717)
Ypresian - Lutetian56.0 - 41.3France (Occitanie) Aumelasia sudrei, Protodichobune hellmundi (195457)
Ypresian - Lutetian56.0 - 41.3France (Languedoc-Roussillon) Dichobune robertiana, Hyperdichobune sp., Cebochoerus dawsoni (182519)
Wasatchian55.8 - 50.3USA (Wyoming) Diacodexis sp. (15656 15749 15914 15963) Dichobunidae indet. (16075)
Wasatchian55.8 - 50.3USA (Colorado) Diacodexis robustus (15220) Dichobunidae indet. (15385)
Early/Lower Eocene55.8 - 48.6China (Shandong) Wutuhyus primiveris (183188)
Early/Lower Eocene55.8 - 48.6Spain (Lleida) Protodichobune oweni (88345)
MP 1055.8 - 48.6France (Picardie) Eurodexeinae indet., Eurodexis russelli (68440)
MP 8 + 955.8 - 48.6France Protodichobune oweni, Eurodexis russelli (182640)
Bridgerian50.3 - 46.2USA (Wyoming) Dichobunidae indet. (16445)
MP 1348.6 - 40.4Germany (Eifel) Hyperdichobune hammeli, Lutzia eckfeldensis, Neufferia manderscheidi (24201)
MP 1448.6 - 40.4France (Nouvelle-Aquitaine) Dichobune robertiana, Mouillacitherium cartieri (184174)
Middle Eocene48.6 - 37.2Spain (Salamanca) Dichobunidae indet. (41311)
Middle Eocene48.6 - 37.2China (Jiangsu) Elaschitotherium qui (37493)
Middle Eocene48.6 - 37.2Mongolia (Ovorhangai) Haqueina haichinensis, Chorlakkia valerii (93596)
Middle Eocene48.6 - 37.2China (Henan) Dichobune sp. (46193)
Middle Eocene48.6 - 37.2India Dichobunidae indet. (48638)
Sharamurunian48.6 - 37.2China (Henan) Dichobune sp. (41120)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3France (Alsace Region) Hyperdichobune hammeli, Buxobune daubreei, Meniscodon europaeum (31609)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Pakistan (Punjab) Promioclaenus gandaensis (45529)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3France Dichobune robertiana (184468)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3France (Drome) Eygalayodon montenati (177494)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Germany (Sachsen-Anhalt) Buxobune sp., Messelobunodon ceciliensis, Parahexacodus germanicus (13322) Messelobunodon ceciliensis (45739) Protodichobune oweni (44999)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Pakistan (North-West Frontier) Dulcidon gandaiensis, Dichobunidae indet., Pakibune chorlakkiensis, Chorlakkia hassani (28978)
Lutetian - Bartonian47.8 - 38.0Switzerland (Baselland) Mouillacitherium sp., Dichobune robertiana, Meniscodon europaeum, Mouillacitherium cartieri, Dichobune langi (31723)
Early/Lower Uintan46.2 - 40.4USA (Texas) Dichobunidae indet. (16586)
Uintan46.2 - 40.4USA (California) Dichobunidae indet. (16791)
Uintan46.2 - 40.4USA (Wyoming) Dichobunidae indet. (16513 16630 16645) Dichobunidae indet., Apriculus praeteritus (16518)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Spain (Barcelona) Dichobune new species (182220) Dichobuninae gen. et sp. nov. (182219)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0France (Picardie Region) Hyperdichobune sp., Hyperdichobune langi, Meniscodon europaeum (31584)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0France (Languedoc-Roussillon Region) Dichobunidae indet. (31763) Mouillacitherium elegans (31736)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Switzerland Mouillacitherium elegans (31742)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Switzerland (Baselland) Dichobune robertiana, Dichobune langi (31721) Meniscodon picteti, Phenacodus europaeus, Dichobune nobilis, Dichobune langi, Mouillacitherium cartieri (31718) Mouillacitherium sp., Dichobune robertiana, Dichobune langi, Meniscodon europaeum, Mouillacitherium cartieri (31720)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0France (Rhone-Alpes Region) Hyperdichobune sp., Dichobune robertiana, Hyperdichobune langi, Meniscodon europaeum (31741)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0France (Quercy, Midi-Pyrenees Region) Mouillacitherium elegans (12840)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0United Kingdom (England) Hyperdichobune sp. 2, Dichobune robertiana, Hyperdichobune spectabilis (39014)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Myanmar Cadutherium kyaukmagyii (78056) Myanmarius chitseini (151676) Neochorlakkia myaingensis (41393)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Switzerland (Solothurn) Mouillacitherium elegans, Dichobune fraasi (31746)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9United Kingdom (England) Dichobune leporina (31607) Dichobune sp. (39643)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9France (Ile-de-France Region) Dichobune leporina (31739)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9France (Quercy, Midi-Pyrenees region) Mouillacitherium elegans (12848 12853)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9France (Languedoc-Roussillon Region Region) Mouillacitherium elegans (31756)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9France (Quercy, Midi-Pyrenees Region) Dichobune leporina (12843 12852 12854 31765) Dichobune leporina, Mouillacitherium schlosseri (12842) Mouillacitherium elegans (12849 31740) Mouillacitherium elegans, Dichobune sigei (31745)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9France (Midi-Pyrenees Region) Dichobune leporina (31749)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9France (Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur Region) Dichobune leporina (31747)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Switzerland Dichobune spinifera, Hyperdichobune spectabilis (31743)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9France (Aquitaine Region) Dichobune leporina (31586) Dichobune sp. (31754)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9France (Languedoc-Roussillon Region) Dichobune leporina (31738) Mouillacitherium elegans (31758)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Nebraska) Choeropotamidae indet. (16929)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9United Kingdom (England) Dichobune cuspidatus (40028) Dichobune leporina (9071 41652)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9France (Quercy) Mouillacitherium elegans (12850)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9France (Languedoc-Roussillon Region) Dichobune leporina (31737)
MP 1837.2 - 33.9Spain (Basque County) Dichobune leporina (38817)
Late/Upper Eocene - Early/Lower Oligocene37.2 - 28.4China (Shaanxi) Lantianius xiehuensis (42691)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4Belgium Dichobune leporina, Dichobune fraasi (31748)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4Germany Dichobune fraasi (36984)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4France (Quercy, Midi-Pyrenees Region) Dichobunidae indet., Dichobune leporina (31583)
MP 2233.9 - 28.4France Dichobune jehennei (183452)
MP 2433.9 - 28.4France (Languedoc-Roussillon-Midi-Pyrénées) Metriotherium mirabile (182658)
MP 2533.9 - 23.03Spain (Cuenca) Metriotherium mirabile (184097)
MP 2628.4 - 23.03France (Occitanie) Metriotherium sarelense (183674)