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Dichobunidae
Taxonomy
Dichobunidae was named by Gill (1872). It is not extant.
It was assigned to Artiodactyla by Cope (1889); to Nonruminantia by Gregory (1910); to Suiformes by Jaekel (1911); to Suina by Ranga Rao (1972); to Artiodactyla by Scott (1913), Dehm and Oettingen-Spielberg (1958), Gingerich et al. (1979), Carroll (1988) and Thewissen et al. (2001); and to Dichobunoidea by Colbert (1938), Sahni and Khare (1971), Hooker (1986), McKenna and Bell (1997), Kondrashov et al. (2004), Vislobokova (2004), Metais et al. (2004) and Theodor et al. (2007).
It was assigned to Artiodactyla by Cope (1889); to Nonruminantia by Gregory (1910); to Suiformes by Jaekel (1911); to Suina by Ranga Rao (1972); to Artiodactyla by Scott (1913), Dehm and Oettingen-Spielberg (1958), Gingerich et al. (1979), Carroll (1988) and Thewissen et al. (2001); and to Dichobunoidea by Colbert (1938), Sahni and Khare (1971), Hooker (1986), McKenna and Bell (1997), Kondrashov et al. (2004), Vislobokova (2004), Metais et al. (2004) and Theodor et al. (2007).
Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1872 | Dichobunidae Gill |
1889 | Dichobunidae Cope p. 876 |
1910 | Dichobunidae Gregory p. 466 |
1911 | Dichobunidae Jaekel p. 234 |
1913 | Dichobunidae Scott p. 361 |
1938 | Dichobunidae Colbert p. 105 |
1958 | Dichobunidae Dehm and Oettingen-Spielberg p. 26 |
1971 | Dichobunidae Sahni and Khare p. 50 |
1972 | Dichobunidae Ranga Rao p. 3 |
1979 | Dichobunidae Gingerich et al. p. 118 |
1986 | Dichobunidae Hooker p. 376 |
1988 | Dichobunidae Carroll |
1997 | Dichobunidae McKenna and Bell p. 400 |
2001 | Dichobunidae Thewissen et al. p. suppl. |
2004 | Dichobunidae Kondrashov et al. p. 205 |
2004 | Dichobunidae Metais et al. p. 179 |
2004 | Dichobunidae Vislobokova p. 94 |
2007 | Dichobunidae Theodor et al. p. 42 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. †Dichobunidae Gill 1872
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G. †Chorlakkia Gingerich et al. 1979
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†Chorlakkia hassani Gingerich et al. 1979
†Chorlakkia valerii Vislobokova 2004
Subfm. †Dichobuninae Turner 1849
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G. †Aumelasia Sudre 1980
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†Aumelasia gabineaudi Sudre 1980
†Aumelasia maniai Erfurt and Haubold 1989
†Aumelasia menieli Sudre 1983
†Aumelasia sudrei Godinot et al. 2018
G. †Dichobune Cuvier 1822
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†Dichobune fraasi Schlosser 1902
†Dichobune jehennei Brunet and Sudre 1980
†Dichobune leporina Cuvier 1822
†Dichobune robertiana Gervais 1848
†Dichobune sigei Sudre 1978
G. †Meniscodon Rütimeyer 1888
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†Meniscodon europaeum Rutimeyer 1888
†Meniscodon picteti Rutimeyer 1891
G. †Messelobunodon Franzen 1980
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†Messelobunodon ceciliensis Franzen and Krumbiegel 1980
†Messelobunodon schaeferi Franzen 1980
G. †Metriotherium Filhol 1882
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†Metriotherium mirabile Filhol 1882
†Metriotherium paulum Stehlin 1906
†Metriotherium sarelense Astruc et al. 2003
G. †Protodichobune Lemoine 1891
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†Protodichobune hellmundi Godinot et al. 2018
†Protodichobune oweni Lemoine 1878
Invalid names: Dichobunini Turner 1849 [empty]
Subfm. †Eurodexeinae Erfurt and Sudre 1996
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G. †Eurodexis Erfurt and Sudre 1996
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†Eurodexis ceciliensis Franzen and Krumbiegel 1980
†Eurodexis russelli Sudre and Erfurt 1996
G. †Eygalayodon Sudre and Marandat 1993
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†Eygalayodon isavenaensi Checa 2004
†Eygalayodon montenati Sudre and Marandat 1993
Subfm. †Hyperdichobuninae Gentry and Hooker 1988
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G. †Hyperdichobune Stehlin 1910
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†Hyperdichobune hammeli Sudre 1978
†Hyperdichobune langi Rutimeyer 1891
†Hyperdichobune nobilis Stehlin 1906
†Hyperdichobune spectabilis Stehlin 1910
†Hyperdichobune spinifera Stehlin 1906
G. †Mouillacitherium Filhol 1882
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†Mouillacitherium carteri Rutimeyer 1891
†Mouillacitherium cartieri Rutimeyer 1891
†Mouillacitherium elegans Filhol 1882
†Mouillacitherium schlosseri Sudre 1978
Subfm. †Lantianiinae Metais et al. 2004
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G. †Mioachoerus
Invalid names: Diacodexinae Gazin 1955 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: s = species, g = genus, f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
References: Blondel 1996, Nowak 1999, Carroll 1988, Lillegraven 1979, Hendy et al. 2009, Legendre 1988 |
Age range: base of the Wasatchian to the top of the MP 26 or 55.80000 to 23.03000 Ma
Collections (100 total)
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
---|---|---|---|
Ypresian | Kyrgyzstan (Osh) | Eolantianius russelli (28490) | |
Ypresian | United Kingdom | Protodichobune sp. (87950) | |
Ypresian | France (Champagne-Ardenne) | Aumelasia menieli, Eurodexis russelli (28546) Protodichobune oweni, Aumelasia menieli (73387) | |
Ypresian | France | Protodichobune oweni (183451) | |
Ypresian | France (Champagne Ardenne) | Protodichobune oweni, Aumelasia menieli (177753) | |
Ypresian | France (Marne) | Protodichobune oweni (181639) Protodichobune oweni, Aumelasia menieli, Eurodexis russelli (35539 35540 181653) | |
Ypresian - Lutetian | France (Languedoc-Roussillon Region) | Dichobune robertiana, Cebochoerus ruetimeyeri, Hyperdichobune sp. (31717) | |
Ypresian - Lutetian | France (Occitanie) | Aumelasia sudrei, Protodichobune hellmundi (195457) | |
Ypresian - Lutetian | France (Languedoc-Roussillon) | Dichobune robertiana, Hyperdichobune sp., Cebochoerus dawsoni (182519) | |
Wasatchian | USA (Wyoming) | Diacodexis sp. (15656 15749 15914 15963) Dichobunidae indet. (16075) | |
Wasatchian | USA (Colorado) | Diacodexis robustus (15220) Dichobunidae indet. (15385) | |
Early/Lower Eocene | China (Shandong) | Wutuhyus primiveris (183188) | |
Early/Lower Eocene | Spain (Lleida) | Protodichobune oweni (88345) | |
MP 10 | France (Picardie) | Eurodexeinae indet., Eurodexis russelli (68440) | |
MP 8 + 9 | France | Protodichobune oweni, Eurodexis russelli (182640) | |
Bridgerian | USA (Wyoming) | Dichobunidae indet. (16445) | |
MP 13 | Germany (Eifel) | Hyperdichobune hammeli, Lutzia eckfeldensis, Neufferia manderscheidi (24201) | |
MP 14 | France (Nouvelle-Aquitaine) | Dichobune robertiana, Mouillacitherium cartieri (184174) | |
Middle Eocene | Spain (Salamanca) | Dichobunidae indet. (41311) | |
Middle Eocene | China (Jiangsu) | Elaschitotherium qui (37493) | |
Middle Eocene | Mongolia (Ovorhangai) | Haqueina haichinensis, Chorlakkia valerii (93596) | |
Middle Eocene | China (Henan) | Dichobune sp. (46193) | |
Middle Eocene | India | Dichobunidae indet. (48638) | |
Sharamurunian | China (Henan) | Dichobune sp. (41120) | |
Lutetian | France (Alsace Region) | Hyperdichobune hammeli, Buxobune daubreei, Meniscodon europaeum (31609) | |
Lutetian | Pakistan (Punjab) | Promioclaenus gandaensis (45529) | |
Lutetian | France | Dichobune robertiana (184468) | |
Lutetian | France (Drome) | Eygalayodon montenati (177494) | |
Lutetian | Germany (Sachsen-Anhalt) | Buxobune sp., Messelobunodon ceciliensis, Parahexacodus germanicus (13322) Messelobunodon ceciliensis (45739) Protodichobune oweni (44999) | |
Lutetian | Pakistan (North-West Frontier) | Dulcidon gandaiensis, Dichobunidae indet., Pakibune chorlakkiensis, Chorlakkia hassani (28978) | |
Lutetian - Bartonian | Switzerland (Baselland) | Mouillacitherium sp., Dichobune robertiana, Meniscodon europaeum, Mouillacitherium cartieri, Dichobune langi (31723) | |
Early/Lower Uintan | USA (Texas) | Dichobunidae indet. (16586) | |
Uintan | USA (California) | Dichobunidae indet. (16791) | |
Uintan | USA (Wyoming) | Dichobunidae indet. (16513 16630 16645) Dichobunidae indet., Apriculus praeteritus (16518) | |
Bartonian | Spain (Barcelona) | Dichobune new species (182220) Dichobuninae gen. et sp. nov. (182219) | |
Bartonian | France (Picardie Region) | Hyperdichobune sp., Hyperdichobune langi, Meniscodon europaeum (31584) | |
Bartonian | France (Languedoc-Roussillon Region) | Dichobunidae indet. (31763) Mouillacitherium elegans (31736) | |
Bartonian | Switzerland | Mouillacitherium elegans (31742) | |
Bartonian | Switzerland (Baselland) | Dichobune robertiana, Dichobune langi (31721) Meniscodon picteti, Phenacodus europaeus, Dichobune nobilis, Dichobune langi, Mouillacitherium cartieri (31718) Mouillacitherium sp., Dichobune robertiana, Dichobune langi, Meniscodon europaeum, Mouillacitherium cartieri (31720) | |
Bartonian | France (Rhone-Alpes Region) | Hyperdichobune sp., Dichobune robertiana, Hyperdichobune langi, Meniscodon europaeum (31741) | |
Bartonian | France (Quercy, Midi-Pyrenees Region) | Mouillacitherium elegans (12840) | |
Bartonian | United Kingdom (England) | Hyperdichobune sp. 2, Dichobune robertiana, Hyperdichobune spectabilis (39014) | |
Bartonian | Myanmar | Cadutherium kyaukmagyii (78056) Myanmarius chitseini (151676) Neochorlakkia myaingensis (41393) | |
Priabonian | Switzerland (Solothurn) | Mouillacitherium elegans, Dichobune fraasi (31746) | |
Priabonian | United Kingdom (England) | Dichobune leporina (31607) Dichobune sp. (39643) | |
Priabonian | France (Ile-de-France Region) | Dichobune leporina (31739) | |
Priabonian | France (Quercy, Midi-Pyrenees region) | Mouillacitherium elegans (12848 12853) | |
Priabonian | France (Languedoc-Roussillon Region Region) | Mouillacitherium elegans (31756) | |
Priabonian | France (Quercy, Midi-Pyrenees Region) | Dichobune leporina (12843 12852 12854 31765) Dichobune leporina, Mouillacitherium schlosseri (12842) Mouillacitherium elegans (12849 31740) Mouillacitherium elegans, Dichobune sigei (31745) | |
Priabonian | France (Midi-Pyrenees Region) | Dichobune leporina (31749) | |
Priabonian | France (Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur Region) | Dichobune leporina (31747) | |
Priabonian | Switzerland | Dichobune spinifera, Hyperdichobune spectabilis (31743) | |
Priabonian | France (Aquitaine Region) | Dichobune leporina (31586) Dichobune sp. (31754) | |
Priabonian | France (Languedoc-Roussillon Region) | Dichobune leporina (31738) Mouillacitherium elegans (31758) | |
Chadronian | USA (Nebraska) | Choeropotamidae indet. (16929) | |
Late/Upper Eocene | United Kingdom (England) | Dichobune cuspidatus (40028) Dichobune leporina (9071 41652) | |
Late/Upper Eocene | France (Quercy) | Mouillacitherium elegans (12850) | |
Late/Upper Eocene | France (Languedoc-Roussillon Region) | Dichobune leporina (31737) | |
MP 18 | Spain (Basque County) | Dichobune leporina (38817) | |
Late/Upper Eocene - Early/Lower Oligocene | China (Shaanxi) | Lantianius xiehuensis (42691) | |
Early/Lower Oligocene | Belgium | Dichobune leporina, Dichobune fraasi (31748) | |
Early/Lower Oligocene | Germany | Dichobune fraasi (36984) | |
Early/Lower Oligocene | France (Quercy, Midi-Pyrenees Region) | Dichobunidae indet., Dichobune leporina (31583) | |
MP 22 | France | Dichobune jehennei (183452) | |
MP 24 | France (Languedoc-Roussillon-Midi-Pyrénées) | Metriotherium mirabile (182658) | |
MP 25 | Spain (Cuenca) | Metriotherium mirabile (184097) | |
MP 26 | France (Occitanie) | Metriotherium sarelense (183674) |