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Taxonomy
Bovidae was named by Gray (1821). It is extant.
It was assigned to Ruminantes by Gray (1821); to Ungulata by Gray (1825) and Lydekker (1878); to Pecora by Bonaparte (1850) and Flower (1883); to Artiodactyla by Cope (1889); to Booidea by Hay (1902); to Ruminantii by Jaekel (1911); to Ruminantia by Leidy (1873), Gregory (1910) and Thurmond and Jones (1981); to Pecora by Hassanin and Douzery (2003); to Bovoidea by Carroll (1988) and Mead and Taylor (2005); to Artiodactyla by Croft et al. (2006); to Pecora by Flower and Lydekker (1891), Matthew (1908), Agnarsson and May-Collado (2008) and Spaulding et al. (2009); and to Artiodactyla by Kurten and Anderson (1980), Nowak (1991) and Cregut-Bonnoure and Tsoukala (2017).
It was assigned to Ruminantes by Gray (1821); to Ungulata by Gray (1825) and Lydekker (1878); to Pecora by Bonaparte (1850) and Flower (1883); to Artiodactyla by Cope (1889); to Booidea by Hay (1902); to Ruminantii by Jaekel (1911); to Ruminantia by Leidy (1873), Gregory (1910) and Thurmond and Jones (1981); to Pecora by Hassanin and Douzery (2003); to Bovoidea by Carroll (1988) and Mead and Taylor (2005); to Artiodactyla by Croft et al. (2006); to Pecora by Flower and Lydekker (1891), Matthew (1908), Agnarsson and May-Collado (2008) and Spaulding et al. (2009); and to Artiodactyla by Kurten and Anderson (1980), Nowak (1991) and Cregut-Bonnoure and Tsoukala (2017).
Subtaxa
Alcelaphus (syn. Bubalis), Alephis, Antilopina, Antilopinae, Antilospira, Austroportax, Bison (syn. Stelabison, Simobison, Harlanus), Bootherium (syn. Symbos), Bovinae, Brabovus, Cambayella, Camelopardalina, Capra depressa, Capra reversa, Caprina, Caprinae, Criotherium, Deperetia, Dorcadoryx, Dorcadoxa, Dystychoceras, Dytikodorcas, Eosyncerus, Euceratherium (syn. Aftonius, Preptoceras), Gallogoral, Gazella, Gazellospira, Gentrytragus, Gobiocerus, Grevenobos, Hanhaicerus, Helicoportax, Helicotragus (syn. Helicophora, Helicoceras), Hemibos (syn. Probubalus, Peribos, Amphibos), Hemistrepsiceros, Hesperidoceras, Hezhengia, Hippotraginae, Hypsodontinae, Kabulicornis, Kobikeryx, Kubanotragus, Leptobos, Leptotragus, Linxiatragus, Liops, Lyrocerus, Majoreas, Megalovis, Mesembriacerus, Mesembriportax, Microtragus, Miotragocerus, Moschiola, Namacerus, Nesotragus, Nisidorcas, Oiocerini, Olonbulukia, Oreamnos (syn. Haplocerus, Aplocerus), Oreonager, Orygotherium, Pachygazella, Pachyportax, Pachytragus, Palaeoreas, Palaeoryx, Paraprotoryx, Paratragocerus, Parurmiatherium, Peleinae, Perimia, Platybos, Pliotragus (syn. Hesperoceras), Praeovibos, Proamphibos, Procamptoceras, Procobus, Prodamaliscus, Proleptobos, Prosinotragus, Prostrepsiceros, Protoryx, Protragelaphus, Protragocerus, Pseudobos, Pseudoeotragus, Pseudotragus, Pultiphagonides, Qurliqnoria, Rhynchotragus, Rhynotragus, Ruticeros, Saiga, Samokeros, Selenoportax, Shensispira, Sinoreas, Sinoryx, Sinotragus, Sivacapra, Sivaceros, Sivaportax, Sivatragus, Sivoryx, Skoufotragus, Soergelia, Spirocerus, Sporadotragus, Strepsiportax, Strogulognathus, Tchaltacerus, Tethytragus, Toribos, Torticornis, Tossunnoria, Tragelaphinae, Tragocerus, Tragoportax, Tragoreas, Tragospira, Tsaidamotherium, Turritragus, Urmiatheriinae, Wellsiana
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
---|---|
1758 | Capra depressa Linnaeus p. 69 |
1758 | Capra reversa Linnaeus p. 69 |
1821 | Bovidae Gray p. 308 |
1825 | Bovidae Gray p. 342 |
1850 | Bovidae Bonaparte p. 1 |
1873 | Bovidae Leidy p. 318 |
1878 | Bovidae Lydekker |
1883 | Bovidae Flower p. 185 |
1889 | Bovidae Cope p. 877 |
1891 | Bovidae Flower and Lydekker p. 90 |
1902 | Bovidae Hay p. 686 |
1908 | Bovidae Matthew p. 561 |
1910 | Bovidae Gregory p. 466 |
1911 | Bovidae Jaekel p. 234 |
1980 | Bovidae Kurten and Anderson p. 326 |
1981 | Bovidae Thurmond and Jones p. 190 |
1988 | Bovidae Carroll |
1991 | Bovidae Nowak |
2003 | Bovidae Hassanin and Douzery |
2005 | Bovidae Mead and Taylor p. 3 |
2006 | Bovidae Croft et al. p. 1039 |
2008 | Bovidae Agnarsson and May-Collado p. 974 figs. Fig. 2 |
2009 | Bovidae Spaulding et al. |
2017 | Bovidae Cregut-Bonnoure and Tsoukala |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. Bovidae Gray 1821 [antelope]
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G. Alcelaphus Blainville 1816 [hartebeest]
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Alcelaphus buselaphus Pallas 1766 [hartebeest]
Alcelaphus cokii Günther 1884 [Coke's hartebeest]
†Alcelaphus kattwinkeli Scwarz 1932
Alcelaphus lichtensteinii Peteres 1852
Invalid names: Bubalis Goldfuss 1820 [synonym]
Subfm. Antilopinae Gray 1821
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Tr. Aepycerotini Gray 1872
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G. Aepyceros Sundevall 1847 [impala]
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Aepyceros melampus Lichtenstein 1812 [impala]
†Aepyceros premelampus Harris 2003
†Aepyceros shungurae Gentry 1985
Tr. Alcelaphini Brookes 1876
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Subtr. †Alcelaphina Vrba 1997
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G. †Megalotragus van Hoepen 1932
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†Megalotragus atopocranion Pickford and Thomas 1984
Megalotragus priscus Broom 1909
G. Beatragus Heller 1912 [hirola]
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†Beatragus antiquus Leakey 1965
Beatragus hunteri Sclater 1889
†Beatragus whitei Vrba 1997
G. Connochaetes Lichtenstein 1812 [wildebeest]
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†Connochaetes gentryi Harris 1991
†Connochaetes gentryi leptoceras Geraads et al. 2004
Connochaetes gnou Zimmermann 1780 [black wildebeest]
Connochaetes taurinus Burchell 1823 [blue wildebeest]
†Connochaetes tournoueri Thomas 1884
Invalid names: Catoblepas Gray 1821 [synonym], Oreonagor Thomas 1884 [synonym]
G. Damaliscus Sclater and Thomas 1894 [antelope]
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†Damaliscus ademassui Vrba 1997
†Damaliscus agelaius Gentry and Gentry 1978
†Damaliscus cuiculi Arambourg 1979
Damaliscus dorcas Pallas 1766 [bontebok]
†Damaliscus gentryi Vrba 1977
†Damaliscus hadari Vrba 1997
Damaliscus korrigum Ogilby 1837 [topi]
Damaliscus lunatus Burchell 1823 [common tsessebe]
Damaliscus pygargus Pallas 1766 [bontebok]
†Damaliscus strepsiceras Geraads et al. 2004
G. †Maremmia Hurzeler and Engesser 1976
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†Maremmia haupti Major 1873
†Maremmia lorenzi Hurzeler and Engesser 1976
G. †Numidocapra Arambourg 1949
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†Numidocapra crassicornis Arambourg 1949
†Numidocapra porrocornutus Vrba 1971
Invalid names: Rabaticeras Ennouchi 1953 [synonym]
G. †Parmularius Hopwood 1934
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†Parmularius altidens Hopwood 1934
†Parmularius ambiguus Pomel 1894
†Parmularius angusticornis Schwarz 1937
†Parmularius atlanticus Geraads and Amani 1998
†Parmularius braini Vrba 1977
†Parmularius eppsi Harris 1991
†Parmularius pachyceras Geraads 2001
†Parmularius pandatus Gentry 1987
†Parmularius parvus Vrba 1978
†Parmularius rugosus Leakey 1965
G. Sigmoceros Peters 1849
Invalid names: Damaliscina Vrba 1997 [empty]
Tr. Antilopini Gray 1821
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G. Antidorcas Sundevall 1847 [springbok]
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Antidorcas marsupialis Zimmerman 1780 [springbok]
†Antidorcas marsupialis australis Hendey and Hendey 1968
G. Antilope Pallas 1766
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Subg. Antilope (Pantholops) Hodgson 1834 [chiru]
†Antilope arundinum Boddaert 1785 [southern reedbuck]
†Antilope campestris Thunberg 1811 [steenbok]
Antilope cervicapra Linnaeus 1758 [blackbuck]
†Antilope ellipsiprymnus Ogilby 1833 [waterbuck]
†Antilope equina Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1803 [roan antelope]
Antilope leptoceros Cuvier 1842
†Antilope lervia Pallas 1777 [barbary sheep]
†Antilope lindermayeri Wagner 1848
†Antilope ourebi Zimmerman 1783 [oribi]
†Antilope pallasi Wagner 1857
†Antilope patulicornis Lydekker 1878
†Antilope porrecticornis Lydekker 1878
†Antilope sivalensis Lydekker 1878
G. Eudorcas Fitzinger 1869
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Eudorcas rufifrons Gray 1846 [red-fronted gazelle]
Eudorcas thomsoni Gunther 1884 [Thomson's gazelle]
G. Nanger Lataste 1885 [gazelle]
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Gazella (Nanger) dama mhorr Bennett 1833 [Mhorr gazelle]
Nanger dama Pallas 1766 [dama gazelle]
Nanger granti Brooke 1872 [Grant's gazelle]
Nanger soemmerringii Cretzschmar 1828 [Soemmerring's gazelle]
G. Procapra Hodgson 1846
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Procapra gutturosa Pallas 1777
Procapra picticaudata Hodgson 1846
Invalid names: Prodorcas Pocock 1918 [synonym]
Tr. Caprini Gray 1821
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G. Capra Linnaeus 1758 [goat]
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Capra aegagrus Erxleben 1777 [wild goat]
Capra caucasica Güldenstaedt and Pallas 1779
Capra cylindricornis Blythe 1841
Capra falconeri Wagner 1839
Capra ibex Linnaeus 1758 [Alpine ibex]
Capra nubiana Cuvier 1825
†Capra perimensis Lydekker 1878
†Capra primaeva Arambourg 1979
Capra pyrenaica Schinz 1838
Capra sibirica Pallas 1776
†Capra sivalensis Lydekker 1878
G. Ovis Linnaeus 1758 [sheep]
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Ovis ammon Linnaeus 1758 [argali]
Ovis ammon darwini Przewalski 1883
Ovis aries Linnaeus 1758 [domestic sheep]
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Invalid names: Ovis guineensis Linnaeus 1758 [synonym], Ovis strepsiceros Linnaeus 1758 [synonym]
Ovis canadensis Shaw 1804 [bighorn sheep]
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†Ovis canadensis auduboni Merriam 1901
Ovis canadensis californiana Douglas 1829
Ovis canadensis mexicana Merriam 1901
Ovis canadensis nelsoni Merriam 1897
Ovis canadensis weemsi Goldman 1937
Invalid names: Ovis canadensis cremnobates Elliot 1903 [synonym], Ovis catclawensis Hibbard and Wright 1956 [synonym], Ovis cervina Desmarest 1804 [synonym], Ovis montana Cuvier 1817 [synonym], Ovis pygarus Griffith 1827 [synonym]
Ovis dalli Nelson 1884 [Dall sheep]
†Ovis dorshi Frick 1937
Ovis europea Kerr 1792
†Ovis mamillaris Foster 1837
Ovis nivicola Eschscholtz 1829
†Ovis shantungensis Mastumoto 1926
Ovis sheldoni Merriam 1916
Ovis vignei Blythe 1841
Invalid names: Ovis canadensis canadensis Shaw 1804 [synonym], Ovis orientalis Gmelin 1774 [nomen nudum]
Tr. Cephalophini Blyth 1863
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G. Cephalophus Smith 1827 [duiker]
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Cephalophus adersi Thomas 1918
Cephalophus callipygus Peters 1876
Cephalophus dorsalis Gray 1849 [bay duiker]
Cephalophus harveyi Thomas 1893
Cephalophus jentinki Thomas 1892
Cephalophus leucogaster Gray 1873
Cephalophus monticola Thunberg 1789 [blue duiker]
Cephalophus natalensis Smith 1834
Cephalophus niger Gray 1846
Cephalophus nigrifrons Gray 1871
Cephalophus ogilby Waterhouse 1838
Cephalophus rubidus Thomas 1901
Cephalophus rufilatus Gray 1846
Cephalophus silvicultor Afzelius 1815
Cephalophus spadix True 1890
Cephalophus sylvicultor Afzelius 1815 [yellow-backed duiker]
Cephalophus weynsi Thomas 1901
Cephalophus zebra Gray 1838
G. †Etruria Abbazzi et al. 2008
Tr. Hippotragini Sundevall 1845
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G. Hippotragus Sundevall 1845
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†Hippotragus bohlini Pilgrim 1939
†Hippotragus cookei Vrba 1987
†Hippotragus equinus Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1803 [roan antelope]
†Hippotragus gigas Leakey 1965
†Hippotragus leucophaeus Pallas 1766 [bluebuck]
Hippotragus niger Harris 1838 [sable antelope]
†Hippotragus niro Hopwood 1936
†Hippotragus priscus Arambourg 1979
G. Oryx de Blainville 1816 [oryx]
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Oryx beisa Rüppell 1835 [East African oryx]
Oryx dammah Cretzschmar 1827
†Oryx eleulmensis Arambourg 1979
Oryx gazella Linnaeus 1758 [gemsbok]
†Oryx sivalensis Pilgrim 1939
G. †Praedamalis Dietrich 1950
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†Praedamalis deturi Dietrich 1950
†Praedamalis howelli Vrba and Gatsey 1994
Tr. †Neotragini Sclater and Thomas 1894
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G. Madoqua Ogilby 1837 [dikdik]
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Madoqua guentheri Thomas 1894 [Gunther's dik-dik]
Madoqua kirkii Gunther 1880
Madoqua phillipsi Thomas 1894
Madoqua saltiana de Blainville 1816 [salt's dik-dik]
G. Neotragus Hamilton Smith 1827
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Neotragus pygmaeus Linnaeus 1758 [royal antelope]
Invalid names: Tragulus Boddaert 1785 [synonym], Tragulus Pallas 1767 [synonym]
G. Raphicerus Smith 1827
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†Raphicerus campestris Thunberg 1811 [steenbok]
Raphicerus melanotis Thunberg 1811 [Cape grysbok]
†Raphicerus paralius Gentry 1980
Raphicerus sharpei Thomas 1897 [Sharpe's grysbok]
Tr. Reduncini Knottnerus-Meyer 1907
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G. Kobus Smith 1840
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†Kobus barbarus Geraads and Amani 1998
†Kobus basilcookei Vrba 2006
Kobus defassa Rüppell 1835 [Defassa waterbuck]
†Kobus ellipsiprymnus Ogilby 1833 [waterbuck]
Kobus kob Erxleben 1777 [kob]
†Kobus korotorensis Geraads 2001
†Kobus laticornis Harris 2003
†Kobus leche Gray 1850
Kobus megaceros Fitzinger 1855
†Kobus oricornus Gentry 1985
†Kobus presigmoidalis Harris 2003
†Kobus sigmoidalis Arambourg 1941
†Kobus subdolus Gentry 1980
†Kobus tchadensis Gerrads 2001
Kobus vardoni Livingstone 1857
G. Redunca Smith 1827 [reedbuck]
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†Redunca ancystrocera Arambourg 1947
†Redunca arundinum Boddaert 1785 [southern reedbuck]
†Redunca darti Wells and Cooke 1956
†Redunca eulmensis Arambourg 1979
Redunca fulvorufula Afzelius 1815 [mountain reedbuck]
†Redunca khroumirensis Arambourg 1979
Redunca redunca Hamilton Smith 1827 [bohor reedbuck]
G. †Sivacobus Pilgrim 1939
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†Sivacobus palaeindicus Lydekker 1885
†Sivacobus sankaliai Vrba et al. 2015
Invalid names: Gangicobus Pilgrim 1939 [synonym], Hydaspicobus Pilgrim 1939 [synonym], Indoredunca Pilgrim 1939 [synonym], Sivadenota Pligrim 1939 [synonym], Vishnucobus Pilgrim 1939 [synonym]
G. †Zephyreduncinus Vrba and Haile-Selassie 2006
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†Zephyreduncinus oundagaisus Verba and Haile- Selassie 2006
G. †Urmiatherium Rodler 1888
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†Urmiatherium intermedium Schlosser 1903
†Urmiatherium kassandriensis Lazaridis et al. 2017
†Urmiatherium rugosifrons Sickenberg 1932
Invalid names: Etruria Hurzeler and Engesser 1976 [nomen nudum], Pantholopini [empty]
G. †Antilospira Teilhard de Jardin and Young 1931
G. Bison Hamilton-Smith 1827 [bison]
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†Bison alaskensis Rhoads 1897
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Invalid names: Bison aguascalentensis Mooser and Dalquest 1975 [synonym], Bison chaneyi Cook 1928 [synonym]
†Bison antiquus Leidy 1852
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Invalid names: Bison californicus Rhoads 1897 [synonym], Bison figginsi Hay and Cook 1928 [synonym], Bison kansensis McClung 1905 [synonym], Bison occidentalis Lucas 1898 [synonym], Bison oliverhayi Figgins 1933 [synonym], Bison pacificus Hay 1927 [synonym], Bison taylori Hay and Cook 1928 [synonym], Bison texanus Hay and Cook 1928 [synonym], Bos scaphoceras [synonym]
†Bison francisi Frick 1937
†Bison latifrons Harlan 1825
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Invalid names: Bison alleni Marsh 1877 [synonym], Bison angularis Figgins 1933 [synonym], Bison ferox Marsh 1877 [synonym], Bison regius Hay 1913 [synonym], Bison rotundus Figgins 1933 [synonym], Bos arizonica Blake 1898 [synonym], Bos crampianus Cope 1894 [synonym], Sus americanus Harlan [synonym]
†Bison palaeosinensis Teilhard de Chardin and Piveteau 1930
†Bison priscus Bojanus 1827
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Invalid names: Bison crassicornis Richardson 1854 [synonym], Bison geisti Skinner and Kaisen 1947 [synonym], Bison praeoccidentalis Skinner and Kaisen 1947 [synonym], Bison willistoni Martin 1924 [synonym]
†Bison sivalensis Falconer 1847
†Bison sylvestris Hay 1915
Invalid names: Harlanus Owen 1846 [synonym], Simobison Hay and Cook 1930 [synonym], Stelabison Figgins 1933 [synonym]
G. †Bootherium Harlan 1825
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†Bootherium bombifrons Harlan 1825
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Invalid names: Bison appalachicolus Rhoads 1895 [synonym], Bootherium brazosis Hesse 1942 [synonym], Bootherium nivicolens Hay 1915 [synonym], Bootherium sargenti Gidley 1908 [synonym], Liops zuniensis Gidley 1906 [synonym], Ovibos cavifrons Leidy 1852 [synonym], Ovibos giganteus Frick 1937 [synonym], Scaphoceros tyrelli Osgood 1905 [synonym], Symbos australis Brown 1908 [synonym], Symbos convexifrons Barbour 1934 [synonym], Symbos promptus Hay 1920 [synonym]
Invalid names: Symbos Osgood 1905 [synonym]
Subfm. Bovinae Gray 1821
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Tr. Boselaphini Knottnerus-Meyer 1997
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G. Boselaphus de Blainville 1816 [nilgai]
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Boselaphus tragocamelus Pallas 1766 [nilgai]
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Invalid names: Antilope leucopus Zimmermann 1777 [synonym], Antilope picta Pallas 1777 [synonym], Boselaphus albipes Erxleben 1777 [synonym], Damalis risia Hamilton-Smith 1827 [synonym], Tragelaphus hippelaphus Ogilby 1837 [synonym]
Invalid names: Portax Hamilton-Smith 1827 [synonym], Tragelaphus Ogilby 1837 [synonym]
G. †Kipsigicerus Thomas 1984
G. †Neotragocerus Matthew and Cook 1909
+
†Neotragocerus improvisus Matthew and Cook 1909
Invalid names: Neotragocerus lindgreni Merriam 1918 [nomen dubium]
G. †Parabos Arambourg and Piveteau 1929
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†Parabos boodon Gervais 1853
†Parabos cordieri de Christol 1832
†Parabos savelisi Cregut-Bonnoure and Tsoukala 2017
Tr. Bovini Gray 1821
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G. Bos Linnaeus 1758 [ox]
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Subg. Bos (Bibos) Hodgson 1837
†Bos acutifrons Lydekker 1877
†Bos caffer Sparman 1779 [African buffalo]
†Bos chinensis Gray 1873
Bos frontalis Lambert 1804 [gayal]
Bos gaurus Smith 1827
Bos indicus Linnaeus 1758
Bos javanicus d'Alton 1823
†Bos makapaani Broom 1937
Bos mutus Przewalski 1883
†Bos namadicus Falconer and Cautley 1847
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Invalid names: Bos falconerianus Falconer 1860 [objective synonym]
†Bos palaethiopicus Arambourg 1979
†Bos planifrons Lydekker 1877
†Bos platyrhinus Lydekker 1878
†Bos primigenius Bojanus 1827
Bos sauveli Urbain 1937
Bos taurus Linnaeus 1758 [cow]
Subtr. Bubalina Pligrim 1939
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G. Bubalus Hamilton-Smith 1827 [water buffalo]
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Subg. †Bubalus (Bubalus) Hamilton-Smith 1827
†Bubalus brevicornis Young 1936
†Bubalus cebuensis Croft et al. 2006
Bubalus depressicornis Smith 1827 [lowland anoa]
†Bubalus guzhensis Liu Jialong & Zhen Shuonan 1981
†Bubalus mephistopheles Hopwood 1925
Bubalus mindorensis Heude 1888
Bubalus murrensis Berckhemer 1927
†Bubalus palaeindicus Falconer 1868
†Bubalus palaeokerabau Dubois 1908
Bubalus quarlesi Ouwens 1910
†Bubalus teilhardi Young 1932
†Bubalus tingi Bohlin 1938
†Bubalus triangulatus Liu Jialong 1981
†Bubalus wansijocki Boule and Chardin 1928
†Bubalus youngi Chow and Hsu 1957
G. Syncerus Hodgson 1847 [African buffalo]
+
†Syncerus acoelotus Gentry 1985
†Syncerus caffer Sparman 1779 [African buffalo]
G. †Pelorovis Reck 1928
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†Pelorovis antiquus Duvernoy 1851
†Pelorovis howelli Hadjouis and Sahnouni 2006
†Pelorovis kaisensis Geraads and Thomasson 1994
†Pelorovis oldowayensis Reck 1928
†Pelorovis turkanensis Harris 1991
†Pelorovis turkanensis brachyceras Geraads et al. 2004
G. †Ugandax Cooke and Coryndon 1970
+
†Ugandax coryndonae Gentry 2006
†Ugandax demissum Gentry 1980
†Ugandax gautieri Cook and Coryndon 1970
Invalid names: Bovina Gray 1821 [empty]
G. †Duboisea Stremme 1911
G. †Platycerabos Barbour and Schultz 1942
+
†Platycerabos dodsoni Barbour and Schultz 1941
Invalid names: Parabos Barbour and Schultz 1941 [replaced]
G. †Simatherium Dietrich 1941
+
†Simatherium kohllareseni Dietrich 1941
†Simatherium shungurense Geraads 1995
Tr. Tragelaphini Blyth 1863
+
G. Taurotragus Wagner 1855 [eland]
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Taurotragus derbianus Gray 1847
Taurotragus oryx Pallas 1766 [common eland]
G. Tragelaphus de Blainville 1816
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Tragelaphus angasii Gray 1849 [nyala]
†Tragelaphus arkelli Leakey 1965
Tragelaphus buxtoni Lydekker 1910 [mountain nyala]
Tragelaphus derbianus Gray 1847 [giant eland]
Tragelaphus eurycerus Ogilby 1837 [bongo]
†Tragelaphus gaudryi Thomas 1884
Tragelaphus imberbis Blythe 1869 [lesser kudu]
†Tragelaphus kyaloae Harris 1991
†Tragelaphus lockwoodi Reed and Bibi 2010
†Tragelaphus nakuae Arambourg 1941
Tragelaphus oryx Pallas 1766 [common eland]
Tragelaphus scriptus Pallas 1766 [bushbuck]
Tragelaphus spekii Sclater 1864 [sitatunga]
Tragelaphus strepsiceros Pallas 1766 [greater kudu]
G. †Cambayella Pilgrim 1939
Subfm. Caprinae Gray 1821
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G. Capricornis
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Capricornis crispus Temminck 1845
Capricornis sumatraensis Linnaeus 1758
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Invalid names: Capricornis milneedwardsii David 1869 [synonym]
G. Hemitragus Hodgson 1841
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†Hemitragus cedrensis Crégut-Bonnoure 1989
Hemitragus jemlahicus Smith 1826
G. Naemorhaedus Smith 1827
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Naemorhedus caudatus Milne-Edwards 1867
Naemorhedus goral Hardwicke 1825
Nemorhaedus goral Hardwicke 1825
Invalid names: Caprina Wagner 1844 [synonym], Kemas Ogilby 1837 [synonym], Urotragus Gray 1871 [synonym]
Tr. Ovibovini
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G. Rupicapra de Blainville 1816
+
Rupicapra pyrenaica Bonaparte 1845
Rupicapra rupicapra Linnaeus 1758 [chamois]
Invalid names: Naemorhedini [empty], Rupicaprini [empty]
G. †Criotherium Forsyth Major 1891
G. †Deperetia Schaub 1923
G. †Dorcadoryx Teilhard de Jardin and Trassaert 1938
G. †Dorcadoxa Pilgrim 1939
G. †Dystychoceras Kretzoi 1941
G. †Eosyncerus Vekua 1972
G. †Euceratherium Furlong and Sinclair 1904 [shrub-ox]
+
†Euceratherium americanum Gidley 1913
†Euceratherium collinum Furlong and Sinclair 1904 [shrub ox]
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Invalid names: Aftonius calvini Hay 1913 [synonym], Euceratherium bizzelli Stovall 1937 [synonym], Euceratherium collinum morrisi Schultz and Howard 1935 [invalid subgroup], Preptoceras sinclairi Furlong 1905 [synonym], Preptoceras sinclairi neomexicana Schultz and Howard 1935 [invalid subgroup]
Invalid names: Aftonius Hay 1913 [synonym], Preptoceras Furlong 1905 [synonym]
G. †Gallogoral Guérin 1865
G. Gazella Blaineville 1816 [gazelle]
+
†Gazella altidens Schlosser 1903
†Gazella atlantica Bourguignat 1870
Gazella bennettii Sykes 1831
†Gazella bondi Cooke and Wells 1951
Gazella cuvieri Ogilby 1841 [Cuvier's gazelle]
†Gazella dorcadoides Schlosser 1903
Gazella dorcas Linnaeus 1758 [Dorcas gazelle]
†Gazella dracula Geraads 1981
†Gazella emilii Bouvrain 1998
†Gazella gaudryi Schlosser 1904
Gazella gazella Pallas 1766
†Gazella jenenschi Dietrich 1950
†Gazella kohllarseni Dietrich 1950
Gazella leptoceros Cuvier 1842
†Gazella lydekkeri Pilgrim 1937
Gazella marica Thomas 1897 [sand gazelle]
†Gazella mytilinii Pilgrim 1926
†Gazella palaeosinensis Schlosser 1903
†Gazella paotehensis Teilhard de Chardin and Young 1931
†Gazella pilgrimi Bohlin 1935
†Gazella pomeli Arambourg 1979
†Gazella praegaudryi Arambourg 1959
†Gazella praethomsoni Arambourg 1947
†Gazella psolea Geraads and Amani 1998
†Gazella rufina Thomas 1894
Gazella saudilla Caruthers and Schwartz 1935
†Gazella setifensis Pomel 1895
†Gazella sinensis Teilhard de Chardin and Piveteau 1930
Gazella spekei Blythe 1863
Gazella subgutturosa Güldenstädt 1780
†Gazella thomasi Pomel 1895
†Gazella tingitana Arambourg 1957
G. †Gazellospira Pilgrim and Schaub 1939
G. †Gentrytragus Azanza 1994
G. †Gobiocerus Sokolov 1952
G. †Grevenobos Cregut-Bonnoure and Tsoukala 2017
+
†Grevenobos antiquus Cregut-Bonnoure and Tsoukala 2017
G. †Helicoportax Pilgrim 1937
G. †Hemibos Falconer 1865
+
†Hemibos acuticornis Falconer and Cautley 1868
†Hemibos antilopinus Falconer 1870
†Hemibos gracilis Qiu et al. 2004
Invalid names: Amphibos Falconer and Cautley 1868 [synonym], Peribos Lydekker 1878 [synonym], Probubalus Rütimeyer [objective synonym]
G. †Hemistrepsiceros Pilgrim and Hopwood 1928
G. †Hesperidoceras Crusafont Pairo 1965
G. †Kabulicornis Heintz and Thomas 1981
G. †Kobikeryx Pilgrim 1939
G. †Kubanotragus Gabunia 1973
G. †Leptotragus Bohlin 1936
G. †Liops Gidley 1906
G. †Lyrocerus Teilhard de Jardin and Trassaert 1938
G. †Majoreas Kostopoulos 2004
G. †Megalovis Schaub 1924
G. †Mesembriacerus Bouvrain 1975
G. †Microtragus Andres 1926
G. †Miotragocerus Stromer 1928
+
†Miotragocerus cyrenaicus Thomas 1979
†Miotragocerus leskewitschi Borissiak 1914
†Miotragocerus monacensis Stromer 1928
†Miotragocerus pannoniae Kretzoi 1941
†Miotragocerus valenciennesi Gaudry 1861
G. Nesotragus von Duben 1846
+
Nesotragus batesi de Winton 1903 [bates' pygmy antelope]
Nesotragus moschatus Von Dueben 1846 [suni]
Tr. †Oiocerini Pilgrim 1934
+
G. †Oioceros Gaillard 1902
+
†Oioceros jiulongkouensis Chen and Wu 1976
†Oioceros lishanensis Lee and Wu 1978
†Oioceros noverca Pilgrim 1934
†Oioceros proaries Schlosser 1904
†Oioceros robustus Chen and Wu 1976
†Oioceros stenocephalus Chen and Wu 1976
†Oioceros tanyaceras Gentry 1970
†Oioceros xiejiaensis Li and Qiu 1980
G. †Samodorcas Bouvrain and de Bonis 1985
G. †Samotragus Sickenberg 1936
+
†Samotragus crassicornis Sickenberg 1936
†Samotragus pilgrimi Azanza et al. 1998
G. †Olonbulukia Bohlin 1937
G. Oreamnos Rafinesque 1817 [mountain goat]
+
Oreamnos americanus Blainville 1816
+
Invalid names: Mazama dorsata Rafinesque 1817 [synonym], Ovis montanus Ord 1815 [synonym]
†Oreamnos harringtoni Stock 1936
Invalid names: Aplocerus Hamilton-Smith 1827 [synonym], Haplocerus Wagner 1844 [synonym]
G. †Oreonager Pomel 1895
G. †Pachygazella Teilhard de Jardin and Young 1931
G. †Pachytragus Schlosser 1904
+
†Pachytragus crassicornis Schlosser 1904
†Pachytragus solignaci Robinson 1972
G. †Palaeoreas Gaudry 1861
+
†Palaeoreas lindermayeri Wagner 1848
†Palaeoreas sinensis Schlosser 1903
G. †Palaeoryx Gaudry 1861
+
†Palaeoryx majori Schlosser 1904
†Palaeoryx minor Vasileiadis et al. 2019
†Palaeoryx pallasi Wagner 1857
G. †Paraprotoryx Bohlin 1935
G. †Paratragocerus Sokolov 1949
G. †Parurmiatherium Sickenberg 1932
G. †Perimia Pilgrim 1939
G. †Platybos Pilgrim 1939
G. †Pliotragus Kretzoi 1941
+
†Pliotragus ardeus Deperet 1883
+
Invalid names: Hesperoceras merlae Villalta and Crusafont Pairó 1956 [synonym]
Invalid names: Hesperoceras Villalta and Crusafont Pairó 1956 [synonym]
G. †Proamphibos Pilgrim 1939
+
†Proamphibos kashmiricus Pilgrim 1939
†Proamphibos lachrymans Pilgrim 1939
G. †Procamptoceras Schaub 1923
G. †Procobus Khomenko 1913
G. †Proleptobos Pilgrim 1939
G. †Prosinotragus Bohlin 1935
G. †Prostrepsiceros Forsyth Major 1891
+
†Prostrepsiceros houtumschindleri Rodler and Weithofer 1890
†Prostrepsiceros houtumschindleri syridisi Kostopolous and Koufos 1996
†Prostrepsiceros libycus Lehmann and Thomas 1987
G. †Protoryx Forsyth Major 1891
+
†Protoryx capricornis Schlosser 1904
†Protoryx carolinae Major 1891
G. †Protragocerus Deperet 1887
+
†Protragocerus chantrei Depéret 1887
†Protragocerus labidotus Gentry 1970
G. †Pseudotragus Schlosser 1904
+
†Pseudotragus gentryi Thomas 1981
†Pseudotragus parvidens Gaudry 1861
G. †Qurliqnoria Bohlin 1937
G. Saiga Gray 1843 [saiga]
+
G. †Selenoportax Pilgrim 1937
+
†Selenoportax dhokpathanensis Akhtar 1992
†Selenoportax falconeri Lydekker 1886
†Selenoportax giganteus Akhtar 1995
†Selenoportax tatrotensis Akhtar 1992
†Selenoportax vexillarius Pilgrim 1937
G. †Shensispira Chiu et al. 1979
G. †Sinoreas Teilhard de Jardin and Trassaert 1938
G. †Sinoryx Teilhard de Jardin and Trassaert 1938
G. †Sinotragus Bohlin 1935
+
†Sinotragus occidentalis Geraads et al. 2002
†Sinotragus wimani Bohlin 1935
G. †Sivacapra Pilgrim 1939
G. †Sivaportax Pilgrim 1939
G. †Sivatragus Pilgrim 1939
G. †Skoufotragus Kostopoulos 2009
+
†Skoufotragus laticeps Andree 1926
†Skoufotragus schlosseri Andree 1926
†Skoufotragus zemalisorum Kostopoulos 2009
G. †Soergelia Schaub 1951
+
G. †Spirocerus Boule and Teilhard de Jardin 1928
+
†Spirocerus wongi Teilhard de Chardin and Piveteau 1930
G. †Strepsiportax Pilgrim 1937
+
†Strepsiportax gluten Pilgrim 1937
+
Invalid names: Helicoportax praecox Pilgrim 1937 [synonym], Strepsiportax chinjiensis Pilgrim 1937 [synonym]
G. †Strogulognathus Filhol 1890
G. †Tethytragus Azanza 1994
G. †Toribos
G. †Torticornis Dmitrieva 1977
G. †Tossunnoria Bohlin 1937
G. †Tragocerus Gaudry 1861
+
†Tragocerus gregarius Schlosser 1903
†Tragocerus kokeni Schlosser 1903
†Tragocerus spectabilis Schlosser 1903
†Tragocerus sylvaticos Schlosser 1903
†Tragocerus sylvaticus Schlosser 1903
G. †Tragoportax Pilgrim 1937
+
†Tragoportax abyssinicus Haile-Selassie et al. 2009
†Tragoportax amalthea Roth and Wagner 1854
†Tragoportax cyrenaicus Thomas 1979
†Tragoportax gaudryi Kretzoi 1941
†Tragoportax macedoniensis Bouvrain 1988
†Tragoportax rugosifrons Schlosser 1904
†Tragoportax salmontanus Pilgrim 1937
G. †Tragospira Kretzoi 1954
Subfm. †Urmiatheriinae Sickenberg 1933
+
G. †Shaanxispira Liu et al. 1978
+
†Shaanxispira baheensis Zhang 2003
†Shaanxispira chowi Liu et al. 1978
†Shaanxispira linxiaensis SHI et al. 2014
Invalid names: Antilopina Bonaparte 1850 [empty], Camelopardalina Gray 1825 [empty], Capra depressa Linnaeus 1758 [nomen dubium], Capra reversa Linnaeus 1758 [nomen dubium], Caprina Bonaparte 1850 [empty], Hippotraginae Sundevall 1845 [empty], Peleinae Gray 1872 [empty], Tragelaphinae Jerdon 1874 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: f = family, o = order, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
References: Nowak 1999, Nowak 1991, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988 |
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Early/Lower Oligocene to the top of the Holocene or 33.90000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 28.4 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 28.4 Ma
Collections (2040 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
---|---|---|---|
Cenozoic | Mongolia (South Gobi Aimag) | Bovidae indet. (137861) | |
Early/Lower Oligocene | China (Nei Mongol) | Hanhaicerus qii (174759) | |
Late/Upper Oligocene | Mongolia | Bovidae gen. 1 (182121) Bovidae gen. 2, Bovidae sp. (75599) Bovidae sp. (180971) | |
Late/Upper Oligocene | Mongolia (Övörkhangai) | Gobiocerus sp. (182076) | |
Late/Upper Oligocene - Early/Lower Miocene | Japan | Bovidae indet. (183075) | |
Early/Lower Miocene | China (Qinghai) | Oioceros xiejiaensis (34674) | |
Early/Lower Miocene | Mongolia | Eotragus sp. (85060) | |
Early/Lower Miocene - Middle Miocene | Spain (Castile-La Mancha) | Eotragus artenensis (136269) | |
Miocene | France (Vaucluse) | Miotragocerus gaudryi (201499) Miotragocerus gaudryi, Gazella deperdita (201497 201500) | |
Miocene | Pakistan | Sivoreas eremita (35042) | |
Miocene | France | Antilope cristata (200296) | |
Miocene - Pliocene | South Africa | Bovidae indet. (22223) Bovidae indet., Antilopini indet., Antidorcas sp., Antidorcas australis, Kobus porrecticornis, Raphicerus sp., Connochaetes taurinus, Mesembriportax acrae, Gazella praethomsoni (22229) Damalacra acalla, Mesembriportax acrae (22232) Damalacra neanica, Parmularius angusticornis, Bovini indet., Taurotragus sp., Tragelaphus angasi, Tragelaphus strepsiceros (22224) Gazella sp. (22228) Oreotragus sp., Redunca sp., Damaliscus sp. (22220) | |
Miocene - Pliocene | Mongolia | Oioceros sp. (34487) | |
Miocene - Pliocene | Tanzania | Alcelaphini indet. (22150) | |
Miocene - Pliocene | Pakistan (Punjab) | Cervus latidens (232185) | |
Miocene - Pliocene | Uganda | Aepyceros sp. (22365) Alcelaphini indet. (22384) Bovidae indet. (22370 22373 22386) Bovidae indet., Aepyceros sp. (22371) Bovidae indet., Kobus sp. (22399) Kobus sp. (22385) Simatherium demissum (22390 22400 22418 22425 22462) | |
Neogene | Taiwan | Bibos geron (76868) | |
Neogene | Taiwan (Tainan) | Bibos geron (76866) Bibos sp. (76867) | |
Miocene - Pleistocene | South Africa | Redunca ancystrocera, Gazella sp. (22230) | |
Miocene - Pleistocene | Ethiopia | Aepyceros sp., Tragelaphus sp., Gazella janenschi (22128) |