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Mesonychidae (condylarth)

Mammalia - Acreodi - Mesonychidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1875Mesonychidae Cope p. 3
1880Mesonychidae Cope
1889Mesonychidae Cope p. 876
1891Mesonychidae Flower and Lydekker p. 91
1902Mesonychidae Hay p. 749
1919Mesonychidae Peterson p. 41
1930Mesonychidae Hay p. 466
1940Mesonychidae Pilgrim p. 148
1958Mesonychidae Dehm and Oettingen-Spielberg p. 11
1966Mesonychidae Szalay and Gould p. 134
1977Mesonychidae Chow et al.
1979Mesonychidae Zhang et al.
1982Mesonychidae Gingerich p. 708
1988Mesonychidae Carroll
1995Mesonychidae Zhou et al. p. 388
1997Mesonychidae McKenna and Bell p. 366
1998Mesonychidae Archibald p. 299
1998Mesonychidae Gingerich p. 427 figs. FIgure 1
2001Mesonychidae Thewissen et al. p. suppl.
2007Mesonychidae Geisler and McKenna p. 190
2009Mesonychidae Spaulding et al.
2012Mesonychidae Rose et al.
2018Mesonychidae Solé et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
RankNameAuthor
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
orderAcreodiMatthew 1909
—Mesonychia
familyMesonychidae
familyMesonychidae

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Mesonychidae Cope 1875 [condylarth]
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G. †Dissacus Cope 1881
+
†Dissacus argenteus O'Leary and Rose 1995
†Dissacus blayaci Stehlin 1926
†Dissacus bohaiensis Tong and Wang 2006
†Dissacus europaeus Lemoine 1891
+
Invalid names: Hyaenodictis gaudryi Lemione 1891 [synonym]
†Dissacus filholi Lemoine 1891
†Dissacus indigenus Dashzeveg 1976
†Dissacus magushanensis Yan and Tang 1976
†Dissacus navajovius Cope 1881
+
Invalid names: Dissacus carnifex Cope 1882 [synonym]
†Dissacus praenuntius Matthew and Granger 1915
†Dissacus progressus Crusafont-Pairo and Golpe-Posse 1968
†Dissacus raslanloubatieri Solé et al. 2018
†Dissacus rotundus Wang 1975
†Dissacus rougierae Solé et al. 2018
†Dissacus saurognathus Wortman 1897
†Dissacus serior O'Leary and Rose 1995
†Dissacus serratus Chow and Qi 1978
†Dissacus shanghoensis Chow et al. 1973
†Dissacus willwoodensis O'Leary and Rose 1995
†Dissacus zanabazari Geisler and McKenna 2007
†Dissacus zengi Ting 2004
Invalid names: Hyaenodictis Lemoine 1891 [synonym], Hyoenodictis Lemoine 1880 [synonym], Plesidissacus Lemoine 1894 [synonym]
G. †Dissacusium Chow et al. 1977
G. †Harpagolestes Wortman 1901
+
†Harpagolestes brevipes Thorpe 1923
†Harpagolestes immanis Matthew 1909
†Harpagolestes koreanicus Shikama 1943
†Harpagolestes leei Jin 2005
†Harpagolestes leotensis Peterson 1931
†Harpagolestes orientalis Szalay and Gould 1966
G. †Hessolestes Peterson 1931
+
†Hessolestes ultimus Peterson 1931
G. †Honanodon Chow 1965
+
†Honanodon hebetis Chow 1965
†Honanodon macrodontus Chow 1965
G. †Jiangxia Zhang et al. 1979
+
†Jiangxia chaotoensis Zhang et al. 1979
G. †Lohoodon Chow et al. 1973
Subfm. †Mesonychinae Cope 1880
+
G. †Ankalagon Van Valen 1980
+
Invalid names: Ancalagon Van Valen 1978 [synonym]
G. †Guilestes Zheng and Chi 1978
+
†Guilestes acares Zheng and Chi 1978
G. †Hukoutherium Chow et al. 1973
+
†Hukoutherium ambigum Chow et al. 1973
†Hukoutherium shimemensis Qi and Huang 1982
G. †Mesonyx Cope 1872
+
†Mesonyx dakotensis Scott 1892
†Mesonyx obtusidens Cope 1872
†Mesonyx uqbulakensis Tong 1989
G. †Mongolestes Szalay and Gould 1966
+
†Mongolestes hadrodens Szalay and Gould 1966
G. †Mongolonyx Szalay and Gould 1966
+
†Mongolonyx dolichognathus Szalay and Gould 1966
G. †Yantanglestes Ideker and Yan 1980
+
Invalid names: Lestes Yan and Tang 1976 [replaced]
G. †Metahapalodectes Dashzeveg 1976
G. †Olsenia Matthew and Granger 1925
+
†Olsenia mira Matthew and Granger 1925
G. †Pachyaena Cope 1874
+
†Pachyaena gigantea Osborn and Wortman 1892
†Pachyaena gracilis Matthew and Granger 1915
†Pachyaena nemegetica Dashzeveg 1976
†Pachyaena ossifraga Cope 1874
+
Invalid names: Pachyaena intermedia Wortman 1899 [synonym]
G. †Plagiocristodon Chow and Qi 1978
G. †Sinonyx Zhou et al. 1995
+
†Sinonyx jiashanensis Zhou et al. 1995
G. †Synoplotherium Cope 1872
+
†Synoplotherium canius Cope 1872
†Synoplotherium lanius Cope 1872
†Synoplotherium vorax Marsh 1876
Invalid names: Dromocyon Marsh 1876 [synonym]
Invalid names: Hapalodectinae Szalay and Gould 1966 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: carnivoref
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-08-31 14:02:52
Modified: 2005-08-31 16:02:52
Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Lillegraven 1979, Ji et al. 2002, Archibald 1998, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the Torrejonian to the top of the Early/Lower Oligocene or 63.80000 to 28.40000 Ma

Collections (237 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Puercan66.0 - 63.3USA (New Mexico) Dissacus navajovius (14703)
Early/Lower Paleocene66.0 - 61.7China (Shaan-xi (Shensi)) Mesonychidae indet. (176618)
Early/Lower Paleocene66.0 - 61.7China (Guangdong) Hukoutherium ambigum, Dissacus feiganensis, Dissacus shanghoensis (140280) Yantanglestes feiganensis, Hukoutherium ambigum, Dissacusium shanghoensis (176607)
Early/Lower Paleocene66.0 - 61.7China (Shaanxi) Hukoutherium shimemensis (132651)
Early/Lower Paleocene66.0 - 61.7China (Hunan) Dissacus rotundus (182815)
Torrejonian63.8 - 60.9USA (New Mexico) Ankalagon saurognathus, Dissacus navajovius (14873 14893) Dissacus navajovius (14812 14833 14835)
Torrejonian63.8 - 60.9USA (Montana) Dissacus sp. (14906 14913)
Torrejonian63.8 - 60.9USA (Wyoming) Dissacus navajovius (14886) Dissacus sp. (14912)
Torrejonian63.8 - 60.9USA (North Dakota) Dissacus sp. (14821)
Torrejonian - Tiffanian63.8 - 56.8USA (Wyoming) Dissacus navajovius (14842) Dissacus sp. (14838)
Middle Paleocene61.7 - 58.7China (Guangdong) Pachyaena sp. (180650) Pachyaena sp., Yantanglestes datangensis (176606)
Middle Paleocene61.7 - 58.7China (Henan) Mesonychidae indet. (176617)
Middle Paleocene61.7 - 58.7China (Jiangxi) Jiangxia chaotoensis (176612)
Middle Paleocene61.7 - 58.7China (Anhui) Dissacus magushanensis (132945)
Ti161.7 - 56.8Canada (Alberta) Mesonychidae indet. (14939)
Ti361.7 - 56.8Canada (Alberta) Dissacus sp. (14928)
Tiffanian61.7 - 56.8USA (Wyoming) Dissacus argenteus, Dissacus praenuntius (190462) Dissacus navajovius (15049) Dissacus sp. (14936 14964 14985) Pachyaena sp., Dissacus sp. (15017)
Tiffanian61.7 - 56.8USA (Montana) Dissacus sp. (15025 15064)
Tiffanian61.7 - 56.8USA (Colorado) Sinonyx sp. (174227)
Tiffanian61.7 - 56.8USA (California) Dissacus sp. (14872)
Thanetian59.2 - 56.0France (Champagne-Ardenne) Dissacus europaeus (68428 87925)
Gashatan58.7 - 55.8China (Nei Mongol) Dissacus serratus (71076)
Late/Upper Paleocene58.7 - 55.8China (Xin-jiang (Sinkiang)) Mesonychidae indet. (176619)
Late/Upper Paleocene58.7 - 55.8Mongolia Dissacus sp. (133399) Pachyaena sp. (133398)
Late/Upper Paleocene58.7 - 55.8China (Anhui) Sinonyx jiashanensis (86277)
Late/Upper Paleocene58.7 - 55.8China (Nei Mongol) Pachyaena sp., Plagiocristodon serratus, Dissacus serratus (133389)
Late/Upper Paleocene58.7 - 55.8USA (Wyoming) Dissacus navajovius (15024)
Late/Upper Paleocene58.7 - 55.8China (Anhui (Anhui)) Dissacus magushanensis (176616)
Clarkforkian56.2 - 54.9USA (Colorado) Dissacus navajovius (15254 15258)
Clarkforkian56.2 - 54.9USA (Montana) Dissacus navajovius (15079)
Clarkforkian56.2 - 54.9USA (Wyoming) Creodonta indet. (15075) Dissacus argenteus (190432) Dissacus praenuntius (15087 15092 15099 15102 15103 15104 15121 15122 15126 15129 15131 15132 15144 15148 15157 15159 15163 15185 15186 190430) Dissacus sp. (15089 15094)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8France Pachyaena gigantea (197267)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8Belgium (Hainaut) Hyaenodictis sp. (87947)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8France (Aude) Dissacus sp. (182641)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8France (Marne) Dissacus filholi (35540)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8France (Hérault) Dissacus blayaci (184624) Dissacus sp. (181563)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8United Kingdom (England) Pachyaena ossifraga (38868)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8France (Île-de-France) Pachyaena gracilis (68437)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8France (Alsace-Champagne-Ardenne-Lorraine) Hyaenodictis filholi (178052)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8France (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur) Dissacus rougierae (178050)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8France (Champagne-Ardenne) Dissacus raslanloubatieri (28546)
Arshantan56.0 - 37.71China (Nei Mongol) Mesonyx uqbulakensis (72204)
Sharamurunian56.0 - 37.71Mongolia Mesonychidae indet. (182486)
Wasatchian55.8 - 50.3USA (Wyoming) Dissacus longaevus (46650) Dissacus longaevus, Pachyaena sp. (46662) Dissacus praenuntius (15458 15759 46816) Dissacus praenuntius, Pachyaena gigantea (46809) Dissacus sp. (15541 15559 15594 15729 46830) Pachyaena gigantea (15530 109254) Pachyaena gigantea, Pachyaena gracilis (46792) Pachyaena gigantea, Pachyaena ossifraga (15531 46846) Pachyaena gracilis (15491 15589 15592 15596 15697 15702 15889 46639 46683 46699 46720 46782 46801 46839 109255) Pachyaena gracilis, Pachyaena ossifraga (15510) Pachyaena ossifraga (15455 15505 15507 15514 15518 15522 15524 15532 15536 15694 15704 15707 15831 46659 46690 46731 46733 46759 46768 46808) Pachyaena sp. (15710 15756 15793 46667 46709 46773 46789 46799 46814)
Wasatchian55.8 - 50.3Canada (Northwest Territories) Pachyaena sp. (15583)
Wasatchian55.8 - 50.3USA (New Mexico) Pachyaena ossifraga (15452)
Wasatchian55.8 - 50.3Mexico (Baja California) Dissacus sp. (15671)
Wasatchian55.8 - 50.3USA (Colorado) Pachyaena ossifraga (15480 15485 15861 15864) Pachyaena sp. (15350 15371 15375)
Bumbanian55.8 - 48.6China (Nei Mongol) Dissacus sp. (72202)
Bumbanian55.8 - 48.6Mongolia (Southern Mongolia) Dissacus zanabazari (37206)
Early/Lower Eocene55.8 - 48.6China (Hunan) Dissacus sp. (87239)
Early/Lower Eocene55.8 - 48.6China (Nei Mongol) Dissacus sp., Mesonyx nuhetingensis, Mongolonyx dolichognathus (75275) Mongolonyx dolichognathus (174920)
Early/Lower Eocene55.8 - 48.6China (Shandong) Dissacus bohaiensis (77929)
Early/Lower Eocene55.8 - 48.6USA (Wyoming) Dissacus praenuntius (154253 154254 154255) Pachyaena ossifraga (15709) Pachyaena sp. (15690)
MP 1055.8 - 48.6Spain Dissacus progressus (53154)
MP 1055.8 - 48.6Spain (Huesca) Dissacus blayaci (197266)
Bridgerian50.3 - 46.2USA (Colorado) Mesonyx obtusidens (16240 16241)
Bridgerian50.3 - 46.2USA (Utah) Mesonychidae indet. (16396)
Bridgerian50.3 - 46.2USA (Wyoming) Harpagolestes macrocephalus (16253 16284 16414) Harpagolestes sp. (16647) Mesonychidae indet. (16137 16207 16397 16415) Mesonyx obtusidens (16201 16205 16228 16256 16491) Mesonyx sp. (15837) Patriofelis ferox (223509) Synoplotherium lanius (223463 223475 223476 223480 223482 223503 223506)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Pakistan Mesonychidae indet. (95141)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71Mongolia Harpagolestes orientalis (174909)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71USA (Oregon) Harpagolestes uintensis (16842)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71China (Henan) Honanodon hebetis (42165 180849) Pachyaena sp., Harpagolestes leei, Mongolestes alxaensis, Honanodon macrodontus, Harpagolestes orientalis (46193)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71Pakistan Mesonychidae indet. (93752)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71Kyrgyzstan Olsenia sp. (177051)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71China (Nei Mongol) Harpagolestes leei (89041 174762) Mesonychidae indet., Harpagolestes orientalis (28792) Olsenia mira (174962)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71China (Xinjiang) Mesonychidae indet. (176332) Mesonyx uqbulakensis (176335) Metahapalodectes sp., Mesonyx uqbulakensis (176333)
Early/Lower Uintan46.2 - 39.7USA (Utah) Harpagolestes sp. (109203)
Early/Lower Uintan46.2 - 39.7USA (Colorado) Mesonyx sp. (16623)
Early/Lower Uintan46.2 - 39.7USA (Texas) Hessolestes sp. (16650)
Early/Lower Uintan46.2 - 39.7USA (California) Harpagolestes sp. (16670)
Late/Upper Uintan46.2 - 39.7Canada (Saskatchewan) Harpagolestes sp. (16626)
Late/Upper Uintan46.2 - 39.7USA (Texas) Harpagolestes uintensis, Mesonychidae indet. (16542)
Late/Upper Uintan46.2 - 39.7USA (California) Mesonychidae indet. (16585)
Uintan46.2 - 39.7USA (Wyoming) Harpagolestes sp. (16648) Synoplotherium sp. (223425 223455 223462 223464)
Uintan46.2 - 39.7USA (Texas) Harpagolestes sp. (16537) Hessolestes sp. (16633 16638)
Uintan46.2 - 39.7USA (Utah) Harpagolestes brevipes, Mesonyx obtusidens (16646) Harpagolestes leotensis (16594 16607) Harpagolestes uintensis, Mesonyx obtusidens (16656) Mesonyx sp. (16606)
Duchesnean39.7 - 37.0USA (Utah) Hessolestes ultimus (16861)
Duchesnean39.7 - 37.0USA (Texas) Harpagolestes sp. (16857)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9China (Guangxi) Harpagolestes sp., Guilestes acares (182554)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9Mongolia (Dornogobi Aimag) Mesonychidae indet. (152082)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9North Korea (Hwanghae-do) Harpagolestes koreanicus (48621)
Late/Upper Eocene - Oligocene37.2 - 23.03North Korea (Kokai-do) Harpagolestes koreanicus (13997)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4China (Nei Mongol) Harpagolestes alxaensis (174915 180729)