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Dinohippus

Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1955Dinohippus Quinn p. 43
1986Dinohippus MacFadden p. 468
1988Dinohippus Carroll
1989Dinohippus Prothero and Schoch p. 532
1995Dinohippus Kelly p. 19
1996Dinohippus Prado and Alberdi p. 676
1998Dinohippus MacFadden p. 551

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
RankNameAuthor
classMammalia
—Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
—Theriiformes()
—Trechnotheria
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Euungulata
—Panperissodactyla
superorderPerissodactylamorpha
orderPerissodactyla()
superfamilyEquoidea
familyEquidae
subfamilyEquinae
tribeEquini
genusDinohippus

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Dinohippus Quinn 1955
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†Dinohippus leardi Drescher 1941
†Dinohippus leidyanus Osborn 1918
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Invalid names: Pliohippus edensis Frick 1921 [synonym]
†Dinohippus mexicanus Lance 1950
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Invalid names: Equus (Dolichohippus) mesamexicanus Mooser 1973 [synonym], Hippotigris ocotensis Mooser 1958 [synonym], Protohippus muelleri Mooser 1964 [synonym]
†Dinohippus osborni Frick 1921
†Dinohippus spectans Cope 1880
†Dinohippus subvenus Quinn 1955
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
J. H. Quinn 1955ze large; fossae not deeply excavlfted, malar fossa small or absent; upper teeth mildly curved, styles heavy with deep valleys; pli protoloph present; preprotoconal. groove deep, protocone elongate, a n d sometimes grooved internally on premolars, post-. protoconal groove , deep; hypoconal groove closed.· at about middle of crown and terminating at tip of hypocone; lower teeth transverse! y compressed; metaconid lai;ge and unrestricted, metastylid small and restricted; flexids large and deep; median valley deeply excavated on molars; hypoconulid of third molar grooved; parastylid weak; no pli caballinid; metaarsals long (240 to 265 mm).
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingsubf
Diet: browserg
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Comments: mixed feeder leaning towards browsing based on stable isotopes (MacFadden and Cerling 1996) but browser based on hypsodonty, isotopes, and microwear (MacFadden et al. 1999)g
Created: 2009-01-04 10:30:04
Modified: 2009-01-04 12:59:11
Source: g = genus, subf = subfamily, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Hendy et al. 2009, MacFadden 1998, Lillegraven 1979, MacFadden and Cerling 1996, Ji et al. 2002, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the early Early Hemphillian to the top of the Zanclean or 10.30000 to 3.60000 Ma

Collections (146 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (California) Pliohippus interpolatus (19370) Pliohippus osborni (19376)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Nevada) D. sp. (18852 18853 18854 18855 18856 19049 19050 19051 19052 19055) Pliohippus spectans (19129)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Montana) Pliohippus interpolatus (18997 19068 19069)
Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (Texas) D. sp. (18104) D. subvenus (18610)
Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (Nevada) D. leardi (229145)
Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (California) D. leardi (19323 19324 19384 19517) D. sp. (19540) Pliohippus leardi (19185 19310 19322) Pliohippus spectans (19515)
Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (Utah) D. sp. (18932)
Late/Upper Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (Oregon) Pliohippus spectans (19036)
Clarendonian - Hemphillian12.5 - 4.9USA (Nebraska) D. sp. (18128)
Late/Upper Clarendonian - Hemphillian12.5 - 4.9USA (Texas) Pliohippus sp. (18307)
Clarendonian - Pliocene12.5 - 2.588USA (Oklahoma) D. sp. (170203)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Panama D. sp. (187583)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246USA (California) Pliohippus leardi (19466 52210)
Tortonian - Zanclean11.62 - 3.6USA (Florida) D. mexicanus (18548)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Nevada) D. sp. (18900 229134 229135 229136 229138 229141) Pliohippus fairbanksi (19095) Pliohippus spectans (18921 18973 18974 18984 19059 19060)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Kansas) D. interpolatus (18166 18241 18342) D. sp. (18055 18415) Pliohippus pernix (18140)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Oklahoma) Pliohippus interpolatus (18304)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9Mexico (Hidalgo) D. interpolatus (18746) D. mexicanus (212307)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Colorado) Pliohippus sp. (18495)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (New Mexico) D. interpolatus (19533)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9Mexico (Jalisco) D. interpolatus (18719) D. mexicanus (18745 18749 189788 189790 232513)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9Mexico (Michoacán) D. interpolatus (212337)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9Mexico (Guanajuato) D. interpolatus (175257) D. sp. (18718)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Oregon) Pliohippus spectans (18806 18935 18936 18943 18999 19015)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Texas) D. interpolatus (18073 18097) Hippidium interpolatum, Hippidium spectans (18175)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9Costa Rica (Puntarenas) D. mexicanus (144596)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Florida) D. mexicanus (18520 18577) D. sp. (18564 18581)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9Mexico (Zacatecas) D. interpolatus, D. mexicanus (212341) D. sp. (212342)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (California) D. leardi (19419) D. sp. (156741) Pliohippus interpolatus (19479 19480) Pliohippus spectans (19447)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9Mexico (Nayarit) D. mexicanus (212338 212339)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Nebraska) D. leidyanus (18033 18086 18201 18323 18499) D. sp. (18441)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9Mexico (Queretaro) D. interpolatus (18730)
Late/Upper Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9Mexico (Zacatecas) D. mexicanus (157349)
Late/Upper Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9Mexico (Guanajuato) D. mexicanus (18713 18738 18740) D. mexicanus, Hippotigris ocotensis, Protohippus muelleri (18737)
Late/Upper Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Nebraska) D. leidyanus (18247) D. sp. (18126 18359)
Late/Upper Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Florida) D. mexicanus (18532 18553 18573 18595 18599 60036)
Late/Upper Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9Mexico (Hidalgo) D. mexicanus (18733)
Late/Upper Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (New Mexico) D. mexicanus (19602)
Late/Upper Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Nevada) D. sp. (19374)
Late/Upper Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9Mexico (Chihuahua) D. mexicanus (18734 18755)
Late/Upper Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Texas) D. interpolatus (18340) D. mexicanus (18036 18093 18110)
Late/Upper Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9Canada (Alberta) D. leidyanus (18757)
Late/Upper Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (California) D. interpolatus (19582) D. leidyanus (19445) D. mexicanus (175215 175216 175217 175218 175219 175220 175221 175222) Pliohippus edensis (19604)
Late/Upper Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Arizona) D. leidyanus (19612) Equini indet. (19514)
early Early Hemphillian - late Early Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Idaho) Pliohippus spectans (218109 218111)
late Early Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (California) D. sp. (156740)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8USA (California) D. sp. (20085 20087 20111)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8Mexico (Guanajuato) D. mexicanus (20076)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8Mexico (Hidalgo) D. interpolatus (20079)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8USA (Nevada) D. sp. (19965)