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Isectolophidae
Taxonomy
Isectolophidae was named by Peterson (1919). It is not extant. It was considered paraphyletic by Hooker and Dashzeveg (2004) and Holbrook et al. (2004).
It was considered an invalid subgroup of Ancylopoda by Hooker and Dashzeveg (2004).
It was assigned to Tapiroidea by Peterson (1919), Radinsky (1963) and Sahni and Khare (1971); to Ceratomorpha by Carroll (1988); to Isectolophomorpha by Prothero and Schoch (1989); to Tapiromorpha by Holbrook (1999); to Tapiromorpha by Maas et al. (2001); to Perissodactyla by Lucas and Kondrashov (2004); and to Tapiromorpha by Holbrook et al. (2004) and Holbrook and Lapergola (2011).
It was considered an invalid subgroup of Ancylopoda by Hooker and Dashzeveg (2004).
It was assigned to Tapiroidea by Peterson (1919), Radinsky (1963) and Sahni and Khare (1971); to Ceratomorpha by Carroll (1988); to Isectolophomorpha by Prothero and Schoch (1989); to Tapiromorpha by Holbrook (1999); to Tapiromorpha by Maas et al. (2001); to Perissodactyla by Lucas and Kondrashov (2004); and to Tapiromorpha by Holbrook et al. (2004) and Holbrook and Lapergola (2011).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1894 | Systemodontinae Osborn and Wortman |
| 1919 | Isectolophidae Peterson p. 115 |
| 1963 | Isectolophidae Radinsky p. 9 |
| 1971 | Isectolophidae Sahni and Khare p. 45 |
| 1988 | Isectolophidae Carroll |
| 1989 | Isectolophidae Prothero and Schoch p. 532 |
| 1999 | Isectolophidae Holbrook p. 346 |
| 2001 | Isectolophidae Maas et al. p. 408 |
| 2004 | Isectolophidae Holbrook et al. p. 955 |
| 2004 | Isectolophidae Lucas and Kondrashov p. 215 |
| 2011 | Isectolophidae Holbrook and Lapergola p. 898 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. †Isectolophidae Peterson 1919
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G. †Chowliia Tong and Wang 2006
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†Chowliia europea Bronnert et al. 2019
†Chowliia laoshanensis Tong and Wang 2006
G. †Gandheralophus Missiaen and Gingerich 2012
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†Gandheralophus minor Missiaen and Gingerich 2012
†Gandheralophus robustus Missiaen and Gingerich 2012
Invalid names: Homogalaxinae Peterson 1919 [empty], Systemodontinae Osborn and Wortman 1894 [invalid subgroup]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| L. B. Radinsky 1963 | Small to medium-sized cursorial tapiroids with full placental dentition. 23
No major diastemata. P narrow, with or without a small lingual crista; P with one or two 4 lingual cusps, the hypocone appearing as an isolated cuspule in advanced forms. P with 133 one lingual cusp. M paracone and metacone subequal and convex. M trapezoidal in outline, with metaloph as long as protoloph. P2_4 do not exhibit trend towards molariza- tion: P2 with single main cusp and anterior and posterior medial ridges; P8 with meta- conid close to protoconid and low medial metalophid with hypoconid barely distinct; P4 with incipient entoconid or cingular cuspule. Ma_8 metalophid well developed. M3 with large hypoconulid. N o enlarged nasal incisions. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Colbert and Schoch 1998, Carroll 1988, Lillegraven 1979, Ji et al. 2002, Hendy et al. 2009 | |||||
Age range: base of the Bridgerian to the top of the Lutetian or 50.30000 to 41.30000 Ma
Collections (14 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ypresian | France (Oise) | Chowliia europea (182643 200298) | |
| Ypresian | Pakistan (Balochistan) | Gandheralophus minor (87933) Gandheralophus robustus (179962) | |
| Early/Lower Eocene | China (Shandong) | Chowliia laoshanensis (77929 176605 183188) | |
| Early/Lower Eocene | China (Guangdong) | Meridiolophus expansus (176389) | |
| Bridgerian | USA (Wyoming) | Isectolophidae indet. (15837 16212) | |
| Lutetian | Pakistan (North-West Frontier) | Isectolophidae indet. (28978) | |
| Middle Eocene | India (Jammu and Kashmir) | Sastrilophus dehmi (13303) | |
| Middle Eocene | Kazakhstan | Isectolophidae indet. (180518) | |
| Uintan | USA (California) | Isectolophidae indet. (16791) |