PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Helaletes

Mammalia - Perissodactyla

Taxonomy

Helaletes was named by Marsh (1872). Its type is Helaletes boops.

It was synonymized subjectively with Hyrachyus by Cope (1873).

It was assigned to Lophiodontinae by Cope (1881); to Lophiodontidae by Scott (1883), Hay (1902) and Scott (1913); to Helaletinae by Peterson (1919) and Radinsky (1966); to Tapiroidea by Marsh (1872), Wood (1934), Gazin (1976), Schoch (1984), Stucky (1984), Prothero and Schoch (1989), Colbert and Schoch (1998) and Colbert (2005); and to Helaletidae by Radinsky (1963), Holbrook (1999) and Dawson and Constenius (2018).

Species

H. intermedius (syn. Desmatotherium guyotii), H. medius, H. mongoliensis, H. nanus (syn. H. boops)

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1872	Helaletes Marsh
1881	Helaletes Cope p. 381
1883	Helaletes Scott p. 53
1902	Helaletes Hay p. 625
1913	Helaletes Scott p. 291
1919	Helaletes Peterson p. 104
1934	Helaletes Wood
1963	Helaletes Radinsky p. 24
1966	Helaletes Radinsky p. 633
1976	Helaletes Gazin
1984	Helaletes Schoch
1984	Helaletes Stucky
1989	Helaletes Prothero and Schoch p. 533
1998	Helaletes Colbert and Schoch p. 575
1999	Helaletes Holbrook p. 346
2005	Helaletes Colbert p. 12
2018	Helaletes Dawson and Constenius p. 54

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()
—	Mammaliamorpha
—	Mammaliaformes

Rank	Name	Author
class	Mammalia
—	Theriamorpha	(Rowe 1993)
—	Theriiformes	()
—	Trechnotheria
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Boreoeutheria
—	Laurasiatheria
—	Scrotifera
—	Euungulata
—	Panperissodactyla
superorder	Perissodactylamorpha
order	Perissodactyla	()
—	Tapiromorpha	(Haeckel 1873)
—	Ceratomorpha	(Wood 1937)
superfamily	Tapiroidea	Gill 1872
genus	Helaletes

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Helaletes Marsh 1872

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†Helaletes intermedius Osborn et al. 1878

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Invalid names: Desmatotherium guyotii Scott 1883 [synonym]

†Helaletes medius Qi 1987

†Helaletes mongoliensis Osborn 1923

†Helaletes nanus Marsh 1871

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Invalid names: Helaletes boops Marsh 1872 [synonym]

Diagnosis

Reference	Diagnosis
L. B. Radinsky 1963	Small to medium-sized helaletids. Canines small. P simple. P " submolari- form, metaloph less prominent than protoloph, tendency for hypocone to separate off from 123 protocone. M " metacone slightly convex to flat, slightly shortened. M metaloph relatively shorter and metacone not as reduced as in Colodon. Px absent. P2_4 trigonids low but para- lophids still long; talonids relatively narrower than in Colodon. Small entoconid present on P3_4. Greatly enlarged nasal incisions.

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

terrestrialsubc

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Life habit:

ground dwellingsuperf

Diet:

browsersuperf

Reproduction:

viviparoussubc

Created:

2005-08-31 15:03:27

Modified:

2005-08-31 17:03:27

Source: superf = superfamily, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum

References: Lillegraven 1979, Hendy et al. 2009, Colbert and Schoch 1998, Ji et al. 2002, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the Wasatchian to the top of the Uintan or 55.80000 to 39.70000 Ma

Collections (31 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Arshantan	56.0 - 37.71	Kazakhstan	H. sp. (31009)
Wasatchian	55.8 - 50.3	USA (Wyoming)	H. nanus (15942) H. sp. (15841)
Early/Lower Eocene	55.8 - 48.6	China (Inner Mongolia)	H. medius (195165)
Bridgerian	50.3 - 46.2	USA (Colorado)	H. nanus (16239 16240 16398)
Bridgerian	50.3 - 46.2	USA (Wyoming)	Desmatotherium guyotii (16212) H. boops, H. nanus (16228) H. intermedius (16138 16279 16413) H. nanus (16100 16107 16109 16113 16124 16223 16238 16333 16368 16415 16502) H. sp. (15837 27269 129895)
Bridgerian	50.3 - 46.2	USA (Nevada)	H. nanus (16218)
Bridgerian	50.3 - 46.2	USA (Utah)	H. nanus (16396)
Bridgerian	50.3 - 46.2	USA (Montana)	H. nanus (16401)
Middle Eocene	47.8 - 37.71	Kazakhstan	H. mongoliensis (180518)
Uintan	46.2 - 39.7	USA (Montana)	H. intermedius (222919)