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Tetralophodon

Mammalia - Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae

Taxonomy
Tetralophodon was named by Falconer (1857) [type is a European species; also attributed to Warren 1852 by Matthew 1918a]. It is not extant. It was considered monophyletic by Lambert (2007).

It was synonymized subjectively with Gomphotherium by Hay (1923) and Peterson (1928).

It was assigned to Longirostrinae by Osborn (1924); to Elephantiformes by Shoshani and Tassy (1996); to Elephantidae by McKenna and Bell (1997); to Elephantoidea by Tassy (1996) and Lambert and Shoshani (1998); to Elephantoidea by Shoshani and Tassy (2005); and to Gomphotheriidae by Falconer (1857), Carroll (1988), Geraads et al. (2005) and Lambert (2007).

Species
T. (Lydekkeria), T. (Tetralophodon), T. elegans, T. longirostris
Species lacking formal opinion data
T. exoletus

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1857Tetralophodon Falconer
1924Tetralophodon Osborn p. 1
1988Tetralophodon Carroll
1996Tetralophodon Shoshani and Tassy p. 352
1996Tetralophodon Tassy
1997Tetralophodon McKenna and Bell p. 502
1998Tetralophodon Lambert and Shoshani p. 615
2005Tetralophodon Geraads et al. p. 529
2005Tetralophodon Shoshani and Tassy p. 9 figs. Table 2
2007Tetralophodon Lambert p. 681

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
RankNameAuthor
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
—Theriiformes()
—Trechnotheria
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—AfrotheriaStanhope et al. 1998
—Tethytheria
orderProboscidea()
familyGomphotheriidaeHay 1922
genusTetralophodonFalconer 1857

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Tetralophodon Falconer 1857
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Subg. †Tetralophodon (Lydekkeria) Osborn 1924
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Subg. †Tetralophodon (Tetralophodon) Falconer 1857
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: browserf
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-08-31 15:21:50
Modified: 2005-08-31 17:21:50
Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Carroll 1988, Ji et al. 2002, Hendy et al. 2009, Lambert and Shoshani 1998, Lillegraven 1979

Age range: base of the Sarmatian to the top of the Pliocene or 12.70000 to 2.58800 Ma

Collections (46 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Miocene23.03 - 5.333Portugal T. longirostris (200324)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333China (Yunnan) T. sp. (42483)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608India (Jammu and Kashmir) T. sp. (11797)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62China (Jiangsu) T. sp. (42249)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62Moldova (Chișinău) T. longirostris (210536)
Serravallian - Tortonian13.82 - 7.246Ethiopia T. sp. (22157)
Serravallian - Tortonian13.82 - 7.246Tunisia (Gafsa) T. longirostris (35277)
MN 7 + 812.75 - 11.1Spain T. longirostris (78058)
Sarmatian12.7 - 11.608Romania (Vaslui) T. longirostris (197472)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Ukraine Mastodon longirostris (75089 75800 76299)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Ukraine (Odessa) Mastodon longirostris (75794 75797)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Tunisia T. sp. (65170)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Germany (Bavaria) T. longirostris (206345)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Austria (Niederösterreich) Mastodon longirostris (45042 45044)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Georgia Mastodon longirostris (73901)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Ukraine (Izmail) Mastodon longirostris (76313)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Ukraine (Crimea) T. longirostris (85514)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Moldova Mastodon longirostris (75802 75803) T. longirostris (152254)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246China (Yunnan) T. exoletus (11798)
Vallesian11.608 - 8.7Spain (Catalonia) T. sp. (38977)
Vallesian11.608 - 8.7Spain (Segovia) T. longirostris (40768)
Vallesian11.608 - 8.7China (Ningxia) T. exoletus (42261)
Vallesian11.608 - 8.7China (shaanxi) T. exoletus (42254)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Tunisia T. sp. (34805)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Ukraine Mastodon longirostris (76553)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Thailand (Nakhon Ratchasima) T. sp. (144187)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Greece (Kassandra) T. longirostris (202330 202500 202501)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Morocco T. sp. (210194)
MN 911.1 - 9.7Hungary (Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén) T. longirostris (75481)
MN 109.7 - 8.7Turkey (Thrace) T. longirostris (67661)
MN 10 - MN 119.7 - 7.75China (Shaanxi) T. exoletus (78320 78324)
MN 118.7 - 7.75Georgia Mastodon sp. (75087)
Turolian8.7 - 5.333Bulgaria T. atticus (208566 208567 208568)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Bulgaria T. longirostris (215636)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Ukraine (Odessa) T. logirostris (76502)